IEC 60793-1-31-2010 Optical fibres - Part 1-31 Measurement methods and test procedures - Tensile strength《光纤.第1-31部分 测量方法和试验规程.抗拉强度》.pdf

1、 IEC 60793-1-31 Edition 2.0 2010-05 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Optical fibres Part 1-31: Measurement methods and test procedures Tensile strength IEC 60793-1-31:2010(E) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no par

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8、serv If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service Centre FAQ or contact us: Email: csciec.ch Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 60793-1-31 Edition 2.0 2010-05 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Optical fibres Part 1-31: Meas

9、urement methods and test procedures Tensile strength INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION S ICS 33.180.10 PRICE CODE ISBN 978-2-88910-916-6 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission 2 60793-1-31 IEC:2010(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INTRODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Normative ref

10、erences .7 3 Apparatus.7 3.1 General .7 3.2 Gripping the fibre at both ends 8 3.3 Sample support .8 3.4 Stretching the fibre8 3.5 Measuring the force at failure9 3.6 Environmental control equipment 9 4 Sample preparation 9 4.1 Definition.9 4.2 Sample size and gauge length.9 4.3 Auxiliary measurement

11、s 10 4.4 Environment11 5 Procedure 11 5.1 Preliminary steps.11 5.2 Procedure for a single specimen .11 5.3 Procedure for completing all samples for a given nominal strain rate.11 6 Calculations .12 6.1 Conversion of tensile load to failure stress 12 6.2 Preparation of a Weibull plot .13 6.3 Computat

12、ion of Weibull parameters.13 7 Results.14 7.1 The following information should be reported for each test: .14 7.2 The following information should be provided for each test:.14 8 Specification information 14 Annex A (informative) Typical dynamic testing apparatus.15 Annex B (informative) Guideline o

13、n gripping the fibre.17 Annex C (informative) Guideline on stress rate 21 Bibliography22 Figure 1 Bimodal tensile strength Weibull plot for a 20 m gauge length test set-up at 5 %/min strain rate10 Figure A.1 Capstan design.15 Figure A.2 Translation test apparatus 15 Figure A.3 Rotating capstan appar

14、atus 16 Figure A.4 Rotating capstan apparatus for long lengths .16 Figure B.1 Gradual slippage 17 Figure B.2 Irregular slippage17 Figure B.3 Sawtooth slippage 18 Figure B.4 Acceptable transfer function .18 Figure B.5 Typical capstan.19 60793-1-31 IEC:2010(E) 3 Figure B.6 Isostatic compression .19 Fi

15、gure B.7 Escargot wrap.20 Figure C.1 System to control stress rate 21 Figure C.2 Time variation of load and loading speed21 4 60793-1-31 IEC:2010(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ OPTICAL FIBRES Part 1-31: Measurement methods and test procedures Tensile strength FOREWORD 1) The Internat

16、ional Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electron

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23、eas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents inclu

24、ding individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or relia

25、nce upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the el

26、ements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60793-1-31 has been prepared by subcommittee 86A: Fibres and cables, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. This secon

27、d edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main change with respect to the previous edition is the addition of comprehensive details, such as examples of fibre clamping as given in Annexes A, B and C. 60793-1-31 IEC:2010(E)

28、5 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: CDV Report on voting 86A/1285/CDV 86A/1308/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the

29、 ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts of the IEC 60793-1series, published under the general title Optical fibres Measurement methods and test procedures, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stabil

30、ity date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. 6 6079

31、3-1-31 IEC:2010(E) INTRODUCTION Failure stress distributions can be used to predict fibre reliability in different conditions. IEC/TR 62048 shows mathematically how this can be done. To complete a given reliability projection, the tests used to characterize a distribution shall be controlled for the

32、 following: Population of fibre, e.g., coating, manufacturing period, diameter Gauge length, i.e., length of section that is tested Stress or strain rates Testing environment Preconditioning or aging treatments Sample size This method measures the strength of optical fibre at a specified constant st

33、rain rate. It is a destructive test, and is not a substitute for prooftesting. This method is used for those typical optical fibres for which the median fracture stress is greater than 3,1 GPa (450 kpsi) in 0,5 m gauge lengths at the highest specified strain rate of 25 %/min. For fibres with lower m

34、edian fracture stress, the conditions herein have not demonstrated sufficient precision. Typical testing is conducted on “short lengths”, up to 1 m, or on “long lengths”, from 10 m to 20 m with sample size ranging from 15 to 30. The test environment and any preconditioning or aging is critical to th

35、e outcome of this test. There is no agreed upon model for extrapolating the results for one environment to another environment. For failure stress at a given stress or strain rate, however, as the relative humidity increases, failure stress decreases. Both increases and decreases in the measured str

36、ength distribution parameters have been observed as the result of preconditioning at elevated temperature and humidity for even a day or two. This test is based on the theory of fracture mechanics of brittle materials and on the power- law description of flaw growth (see IEC TR 62048). Although othe

37、r theories have been described elsewhere, the fracture mechanics/power-law theory is the most generally accepted. A typical population consists of fibre that has not been deliberately damaged or environmentally aged. A typical fibre has a nominal diameter of 125 m, with a 250 m or less nominal diame

38、ter acrylate coating. Default conditions are given for such typical populations. Atypical populations might include alternative coatings, environmentally aged fibre, or deliberately damaged or abraded fibre. Guidance for atypical populations is also provided. 60793-1-31 IEC:2010(E) 7 OPTICAL FIBRES

39、Part 1-31: Measurement methods and test procedures Tensile strength 1 Scope This part of IEC 60793 provides values of the tensile strength of optical fibre samples and establishes uniform requirements for the mechanical characteristic tensile strength. The method tests individual lengths of uncabled

40、 and unbundled glass optical fibre. Sections of fibre are broken with controlled increasing stress or strain that is uniform over the entire fibre length and cross section. The stress or strain is increased at a nominally constant rate until breakage occurs. The distribution of the tensile strength

41、values of a given fibre strongly depends on the sample length, loading velocity and environmental conditions. The test can be used for inspection where statistical data on fibre strength is required. Results are reported by means of statistical quality control distribution. Normally the test is carr

42、ied out after temperature and humidity conditioning of the sample. However, in some cases, it may be sufficient to measure the values at ambient temperature and humidity conditions This method is applicable to types A1, A2, A3, B and C optical fibres. Warning This test involves stretching sections o

43、f optical fibre until breakage occurs. Upon breakage, glass fragments can be distributed in the test area. Protective screens are recommended. Safety glasses should be worn at all times in the testing area. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicati

44、on of this document. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60793-1-20, Optical fibres Part 1-20: Measurement methods and test procedures Fibre geometry IEC 60793-1-21, Optical fibres Part 1-21: Measurement methods and test proce

45、dures Coating geometry 3 Apparatus 3.1 General This clause prescribes the fundamental requirements of the equipment used for dynamic strength testing. There are many configurations that can meet these requirements. Some examples are presented in Annex A. The choice of a specific configuration will d

46、epend on such factors as: gauge length of a specimen stress or strain rate range environmental conditions strength of the specimens. 8 60793-1-31 IEC:2010(E) 3.2 Gripping the fibre at both ends Grip the fibre to be tested at both ends and stretch it until failure occurs in the gauge length section.

47、The grip shall not allow the fibre to slip out prior to failure and shall minimize failure at the grip. Record a break that occurs at the grip, but do not use it in subsequent calculations. Since fibre strain is increasing during the test, some slippage occurs at the grip. At higher stress levels, a

48、ssociated with short gauge lengths, slippage can induce damage and cause gripping failures that are difficult to ascertain. The frequency of such failures can often vary with stress or strain rate. Careful inspection of the residual fibre pieces, or other means, is required to prevent the possibilit

49、y of including gripping failures in the analysis. Use a capstan, typically covered with an elastomeric sheath, to grip the fibre (see Figure A.1). Wrap a section of fibre that will not be tested around the capstan several times and secure the fibre at the ends with, for example, an elastic band. Wrap the fibre with no crossovers. The capstan surface shall be tough enough so that the fibre does not cut into it when fully loaded. T