1、 IEC TS 62257-5 Edition 2.0 2015-12 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 5: Protection against electrical hazards IEC TS 62257-5:2015-12(en) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2015 IEC, Geneva, Swi
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11、y and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 5: Protection against electrical hazards INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-3070-1 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an
12、 authorized distributor. colour inside 2 IEC TS 62257-5:2015 IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms and definitions 9 4 Classification of decentralised rural electrification systems 11 5 Protection against electric shock . 11 5.1 General . 11 5.2 R
13、equirements on the d.c. side of a DRES . 11 5.3 Requirements on the a.c. side of a DRES . 12 5.3.1 General . 12 5.3.2 TT system 12 5.3.3 TN system . 12 6 Protection against overcurrent . 13 6.1 General . 13 6.2 Protection against overload currents . 13 6.3 Protection against short-circuits 13 7 Prot
14、ection against risk of fire . 13 8 Protection against effects of lightning 14 8.1 Principle . 14 8.2 Examples 14 8.3 Protection against overvoltage 14 8.4 Protection against direct lightning . 14 9 Determination of the pick up area of a rod or wire (see IEC 62305-3:2010) 14 9.1 General . 14 9.2 Oper
15、ational conditions and external influences . 14 9.3 Wiring system . 15 9.4 Isolation and switching 15 9.4.1 Isolation . 15 9.4.2 Over-current protective devices . 16 9.4.3 Residual Current Devices (RCD) . 17 9.5 Surge protective devices . 17 9.6 Earthing arrangement, protective conductors and protec
16、tive bonding conductors 18 9.6.1 Earth electrodes 18 9.6.2 Protective bonding conductors . 19 10 Verification 19 11 Operation and maintenance . 19 Annex A (informative) Protection against electric shock in electrical installations . 20 A.1 Protection against electric shock . 20 A.2 Automatic disconn
17、ection of supply 20 A.2.1 General . 20 A.2.2 In TN systems . 21 A.2.3 In TT systems 21 A.3 Double or reinforced insulation . 22 IEC TS 62257-5:2015 IEC 2015 3 A.4 Extra-low-voltage (SELV and PELV) . 22 A.5 Electrical separation . 22 A.6 Additional protection . 23 Annex B (informative) Types of LV di
18、stribution systems earthing . 24 B.1 Terms and definitions 24 B.2 Types of system earthing used in DRES (Figures are from IEC 60364-1:2005) . 25 B.2.1 General . 25 B.2.2 AC TN systems 27 B.2.3 AC TT systems 34 B.2.4 DC distribution systems . 36 Annex C (informative) Classification of electrical equi
19、pment 41 C.1 Classification of residual current devices (RCDs) (see IEC 61008, IEC 61009, IEC 60755, IEC 60947-2, IEC 62423) 41 C.2 Classification of circuit breakers for a.c. operation (see IEC 60898-1, IEC 60947-2) 42 C.3 Classification of surge protective devices (see IEC 61643-11) 43 Annex D (in
20、formative) General information concerning protection against lightning . 44 D.1 General . 44 D.2 Protection against lightning Principles 45 Bibliography 46 Figure B.1 General outline of the distribution system . 24 Figure B.2 Distribution system of the smallest type 25 Figure B.3 TN-S system 3-phase
21、, 4-wire with separate neutral conductor and protective conductor throughout the distribution system 28 Figure B.4 TN-S system 3-phase, 3-wire with separate earthed line conductor and protective conductor throughout the distribution system 29 Figure B.5 TN-S system 3-phase, 3-wire with protective co
22、nductor and no distributed neutral conductor throughout the distribution system 30 Figure B.6 TN-C-S system 3-phase, 4-wire where the PEN conductor is separated into the protective conductor PE and the neutral conductor N elsewhere in the electrical installation . 31 Figure B.7 TN-C-S system 3-phase
23、, 4-wire where the PEN conductor is separated into the protective conductor PE and the neutral conductor N at the origin of the electrical installation . 32 Figure B.8 TN-C-S system single-phase, 2-wire where the PEN conductor is separated into the protective conductor PE and the neutral conductor N
24、 at the origin of the electrical installation . 32 Figure B.9 TN-C system 3-phase, 4-wire with neutral and protective conductor functions combined in a single conductor throughout the distribution system 33 Figure B.10 TN-S multiple source system 3-phase, 4-wire with separate protective conductor an
25、d neutral conductor to current using equipment . 34 Figure B.11 TT system 3-phase, 4-wire with earthed protective conductor and neutral conductor throughout the distribution system 35 Figure B.12 TT system 3-phase, 3-wire with earthed protective conductor and no distributed neutral conductor through
26、out the distribution system . 35 Figure B.13 TN-S d.c. system 37 Figure B.14 TN-C d.c. system 38 Figure B.15 TN-C-S d.c. system . 39 4 IEC TS 62257-5:2015 IEC 2015 Figure B.16 TT d.c. system 40 Figure D.1 Example of effects of a lightning stroke 44 Table 1 Typology of decentralized electrification s
27、ystems 11 Table 2 Rated operating residual current of the protective device depending on the value of the earthing resistance 12 Table 3 Number of protected poles with regard to the characteristics of the distribution system 16 IEC TS 62257-5:2015 IEC 2015 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
28、 _ RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 5: Protection against electrical hazards FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC
29、National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, P
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38、 the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent righ
39、ts. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite rep
40、eated efforts, or the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they ca
41、n be transformed into International Standards. IEC 62257-5, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy systems. 6 IEC TS 62257-5:2015 IEC 2015 This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition issued in 2005. It constitutes
42、 a technical revision. The main technical changes with regard to the previous edition are as follows: redefine the maximum AC voltage from 500 V to 1 000 V, the maximum DC voltage from 750 V to 1 500 V; removal of the limitation of 100 kVA system size. Hence the removal of the word “small” in the ti
43、tle and related references in this technical specification. This technical specification is to be used in conjunction with the IEC 62257 series (specifically IEC TS 62257-1 to IEC TS 62257-6). The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on votin
44、g 82/950/DTS 82/1001A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts in the IEC 62257 serie
45、s, published under the general title Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification, can be found on the IEC website. Future standards in this series will carry the new general title as cited above. Titles of existing standards in this series will be updated at the
46、 time of the next edition. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into
47、 an International standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be u
48、seful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. IEC TS 62257-5:2015 IEC 2015 7 INTRODUCTION The IEC 62257 series intends to provide to different players involved in rural electrification projects (such as project implementers, p
49、roject contractors, project supervisors, installers, etc.) documents for the setting up of renewable energy and hybrid systems with AC voltage below 1 000 V and DC voltage below 1 500 V. These documents are recommendations: to choose the right system for the right place; to design the system; to operate and maintain the system. These documents are focused only on rural electrification, concentrating on, but not specific to developing countries. They should
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