IEC TR 62797-2013 International comparison of measurements of the magnetic moment using Vibrating Sample Magnetometers (VSM) and Superconducting Quantum Interfe.pdf

1、 IEC/TR 62797 Edition 1.0 2013-08 TECHNICAL REPORT International comparison of measurements of the magnetic moment using vibrating sample magnetometers (VSM) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers IEC/TR 62797:2013(E) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECT

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9、797 Edition 1.0 2013-08 TECHNICAL REPORT International comparison of measurements of the magnetic moment using vibrating sample magnetometers (VSM) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION V ICS 29.030 PRICE CODE ISBN 978-2-8322-

10、1018-5 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colour inside 2 TR 62797 IEC:2013(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Overview 7 3 Samples . 8 3.1 Hard ferrites 8 3.

11、2 Magnetic tapes 8 4 Measuring quantities and measuring conditions 8 4.1 General . 8 4.2 Hard ferrite spheres 8 4.3 Magnetic tape samples 9 4.4 Role of the measuring temperature 9 5 Analysis of the measured quantities . 10 Annex A (informative) International comparison of measurements of the magneti

12、c moment using vibrating sample magnetometers and SQUID magnetometers 15 Annex B (informative) Participants . 30 Bibliography 31 Figure 1 Isotropic and anisotropic ferrites: standard deviations 12 Figure 2 Magnetic tape samples: standard deviations 12 Figure 3 Isotropic and anisotropic ferrites: wei

13、ghted uncertainties 13 Figure 4 Magnetic tape samples: weighted uncertainties 13 Figure 5 Normalized best values y y / iof the coercive field strength H cJand maximum energy product (BH) max. 14 Figure A.1 Dispersion of the J 800kvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic fer

14、rite sample HF-Iso1 . 16 Figure A.2 Dispersion of the J rvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic ferrite sample HF-Iso1 17 Figure A.3 Dispersion of the H cJvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic ferrite sample HF-Iso1 . 18 Figure A.4 Dispersion

15、of the H cBvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic ferrite sample HF-Iso1 . 19 Figure A.5 Dispersion of the (BH) maxvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic ferrite sample HF-Iso1 20 Figure A.6 Dispersion of the J 800kvalues measured by the partic

16、ipating laboratories on the anisotropic ferrite sample HF-Aniso1 21 Figure A.7 Dispersion of the J rvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic ferrite sample HF-Aniso1. 22 Figure A.8 Dispersion of the H cJvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic

17、ferrite sample HF-Aniso1 23 Figure A.9 Dispersion of the H cBvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic ferrite sample HF-Aniso1 24 Figure A.10 Dispersion of the (BH) maxvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic ferrite sample HF-Aniso1 25 Figure

18、A.11 Dispersion of the m 400kvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample A1 26 TR 62797 IEC:2013(E) 3 Figure A.12 Dispersion of the m rvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample A1 . 27 Figure A.13 Dispersion of the S = m r /m 400k

19、values measured by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample A1 28 Figure A.14 Dispersion of the H cJvalues measured by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample A1 . 29 Table A.1 Magnetic polarization value J 800kat H a= H peak= 800 kA/m measured by the participati

20、ng laboratories on the isotropic hard ferrite HF-Iso1 . 15 Table A.2 Remanent magnetic polarization J rmeasured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic hard ferrite HF-Iso1 17 Table A.3 Coercive field H cJmeasured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic hard ferrite HF-Iso1 18

21、Table A.4 Coercive field H cBmeasured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic hard ferrite HF-Iso1 19 Table A.5 Maximum energy product (BH) maxmeasured by the participating laboratories on the isotropic hard ferrite HF- Iso1 . 20 Table A.6 Magnetic polarization value J 800kat H a= H peak=

22、 800 kA/m measured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic hard ferrite HF-Aniso1 . 21 Table A.7 Remanent magnetic polarization J rmeasured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic hard ferrite HF-Aniso1. 22 Table A.8 Coercive field H cJmeasured by the participating laborato

23、ries on the anisotropic hard ferrite HF-Aniso1 . 23 Table A.9 Coercive field H cBmeasured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic hard ferrite HF-Aniso1 . 24 Table A.10 Maximum energy product (BH) maxmeasured by the participating laboratories on the anisotropic hard ferrite HF- Aniso1 2

24、5 Table A.11 Magnetic moment m 400kmeasured at at H a= H peak= 400 kA/m by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample 1A 26 Table A.12 Remanent magnetic moment m rmeasured by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample 1A 27 Table A.13 Squareness ratio S = m r /m 400km

25、easured by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample 1A 28 Table A.14 Coercive field H cJmeasured by the participating laboratories on the magnetic tape sample 1A 29 4 TR 62797 IEC:2013(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF MEASUREMENTS OF THE MA

26、GNETIC MOMENT USING VIBRATING SAMPLE MAGNETOMETERS (VSM) AND SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE (SQUID) MAGNETOMETERS FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC Nati

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37、The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of t

38、he art“. IEC 62797, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 68: Magnetic alloys and steels. The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 68/448/DTR 68/454/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of

39、 this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. TR 62797 IEC:2013(E) 5 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside log

40、o on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. 6 TR 62797 IEC:2013(E) INTRODUCTION Following a proposal made at the meeting

41、of IEC TC 68 Working Group 2 (Magnetic alloys and steels Measuring methods) in Braunschweig (PTB, 13-14 November 2006), an intercomparison exercise was started regarding the measurement of the magnetic moment by means of the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) method. The VSM finds widespread use in

42、 industrial and research laboratories, because of its sensitivity, ruggedness, and relative simplicity of use 1 1 . It is not an absolute method and requires calibration by means of a reference sample. This is typically represented by a very pure Ni sphere, calibrated by means of an independent meth

43、od 2. The VSM is generally applied for the characterization of hard magnetic materials, but, depending on the specific sensitivity of the apparatus, can also be used to test paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials. Its application to magnetically soft materials is generally restricted to the determin

44、ation of the saturation magnetization. In fact, being an open circuit method, the VSM is not suited to the measurement of the magnetization curve of soft magnetic materials. The basic aim of this comparison is to verify the degree of reproducibility of the method, a prerequisite for the prospective

45、development of a related IEC measuring standard. The existing ASTM Standard A894/894M-00 3 is devoted to the determination of the saturation magnetization of nonmetallic magnetic materials. Ten different research laboratories, listed in Annex B, agreed to participate in the comparison exercise. Each

46、 laboratory was assumed to have appropriate traceability of measurements and was required to determine the measurement uncertainty according to the ISO/IEC Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement 4. Two laboratories used superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers

47、. The comparison was coordinated by INRIM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Torino, Italy) and the Hannam University (Taejon, Korea). A summarizing paper on these experiments was presented at the International Workshop on One- and Two-Dimensional Measurement and Testing (Vienna, September

48、2012) and is to be published on the Int. J. Appl. Electromagnetics and Mechanics 8. 1Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography. TR 62797 IEC:2013(E) 7 INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF MEASUREMENTS OF THE MAGNETIC MOMENT USING VIBRATING SAMPLE MAGNETOMETERS (VSM) AND SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INT

49、ERFERENCE DEVICE (SQUID) MAGNETOMETERS 1 Scope This Technical Report provides the results of an international comparison of measurements of the magnetic moment, using vibrating sample magnetometers (VSM) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers. The basic object of this comparison is to verify the degree of reproducibility of the method employed as a prerequisite for the prospective development of a related IEC measuring sta