1、Reported by ACI Committee 355ACI 355.2-07Qualification of Post-InstalledMechanical Anchors in Concreteand CommentaryAn ACI StandardQualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concreteand CommentaryFirst PrintingJune 2007ISBN 978-0-87031-247-2American Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete kn
2、owledgeCopyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI.The technical commi
3、ttees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities,omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionallyfind information or requirements that may be subject to more than one interpretation or may beincomplete o
4、r incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents arerequested to contact ACI. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata atwww.concrete.org/committees/errata.asp for the most up-to-date revisions.ACI committee documents are intended for the use
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7、aim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental,or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may resultfrom the use of this publication.It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and saf
8、ety practices appropriate tothe specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard tohealth and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of allregulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply
9、 with all applicable laws and regula-tions, including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)health and safety standards.Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through electronicsubscription, or reprint and may
10、be obtained by contacting ACI.Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual ofConcrete Practice (MCP).American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax: 248-848-3701www.concrete.orgACI 355.2-0
11、7 supersedes ACI 355.2-04, was adopted April 2007, and published June2007.Copyright 2007, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by anymeans, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, pr
12、inted, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproductionor for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writingis obtained from the copyright proprietors.355.2-1ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Standard Practices, andCommentaries are intended for guidance
13、in planning,designing, executing, and inspecting construction. Thisdocument is intended for the use of individuals who arecompetent to evaluate the significance and limitations of itscontent and recommendations and who will acceptresponsibility for the application of the material it contains.The Ame
14、rican Concrete Institute disclaims any and allresponsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shall notbe liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom.Reference to this document shall not be made in contractdocuments. If items found in this document are desired by theArchitect/Engineer to
15、 be a part of the contract documents, theyshall be restated in mandatory language for incorporation bythe Architect/Engineer.ACI 355.2-07ACI 355.2 prescribes testing programs and evaluation requirements forpost-installed mechanical anchors intended for use in concrete under thedesign provisions of A
16、CI 318. Criteria are prescribed for determiningwhether anchors are acceptable for use in uncracked concrete only, or incracked as well as uncracked concrete. Performance categories for anchorsare established, as are the criteria for assigning anchors to each category.The anchor performance categorie
17、s are used by ACI 318 to assign capacityreduction factors and other design parameters.Keywords: anchors; cracked concrete; expansion anchors; fasteners;mechanical anchors; post-installed anchors; undercut anchors.CONTENTSSTANDARDChapter 1Scope, p. 355.2-3Chapter 2Definitions and notation, p. 355.2-3
18、2.1Definitions2.2NotationChapter 3Significance and use, p. 355.2-6Chapter 4General requirements, p. 355.2-64.1Testing sequence4.2Test samples4.3Testing by independent testing and evaluationagency and by manufacturer4.4Changes to productChapter 5Requirements for test specimens, installing anchors, an
19、d conducting tests,p. 355.2-85.1Concrete for test members5.2Anchor installation5.3Test methods5.4Tests in cracked concrete5.5General requirements for anchor behaviorChapter 6Requirements for anchor identification, p. 355.2-126.1Determination of critical characteristics of anchors6.2Specification of
20、critical characteristics of anchors6.3Verification of conformance to drawings andspecificationsChapter 7Reference tests, p. 355.2-127.1Purpose7.2Reference tension tests for single anchors withoutspacing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Tests 1 and 2, orTable 4.2, Tests 1, 2, 3, and 4)7.3Required calcula
21、tions using results of reference testsChapter 8Reliability tests, p. 355.2-138.1PurposeTarek S. Aziz Brian C. Gerber Anthony J. Lamanna Donald F. MeinheitRanjit L. Bandyopadhyay Herman L. Graves, III Harry B. Lancelot, III Richard S. OrrPeter J. Carrato Kevin D. Heinert Nam-Ho Lee Alan D. PriceHarry
22、 A. Chambers Christopher Heinz Alexander Makitka, Jr. Patrick J. E. SullivanRolf Eligehausen Bruce I. Ireland Lee W. Mattis James B. TurleySam S. Eskildsen Richard E. Klingner Robert R. McGlohn Harry WiewelBranko GalunicRonald A. CookChairRichard E. WollmershauserSecretaryQualification of Post-Insta
23、lled Mechanical Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.2-07) and CommentaryAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Committee 355355.2-2 ACI STANDARD8.2Reliability tests using reduced installation effort(Table 4.1, Test 3, and Table 4.2, Test 5)8.3Reliability in low-strength concrete with large drillbit (Table 4.1, Tes
24、t 4, and Table 4.2, Test 6)8.4Reliability in high-strength concrete with small drillbit (Table 4.1, Test 5, and Table 4.2, Test 7)8.5Reliability under repeated load (Table 4.1, Test 6)8.6Reliability in cracked concrete where crack width iscycled (Table 4.2, Test 8)Chapter 9Service-condition tests, p
25、. 355.2-159.1Purpose 9.2Service-condition tension test with single anchor andwith two edges (corner) (Table 4.1, Test 7, andTable 4.2, Test 9)9.3Service-condition test at minimum edge distance andminimum spacing (Table 4.1, Test 8, and Table 4.2,Test 10)9.4Service-condition shear test for single anc
26、horswithout spacing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Test 9,and Table 4.2, Test 11)9.5Service-condition, simulated seismic tension tests(Table 4.2, Test 12)9.6Service-condition, simulated seismic shear tests(Table 4.2, Test 13)Chapter 10Establishing anchor categories,p. 355.2-18Chapter 11Presenting anch
27、or data, p. 355.2-1811.1Data analysis11.2Format of data sheet11.3General requirements11.4Contents of evaluation reportChapter 12Requirements for independent testing and evaluation agency, p. 355.2-19Chapter 13References, p. 355.2-1913.1Referenced standardsMANDATORY APPENDIXESAppendix A1Requirements
28、for normalization of results, p. 355.2-21A1.1Normalization of capacities to take account ofconcrete and steel strengthsA1.2Concrete breakout or splitting failureA1.3Pullout and pull-through failureA1.4Steel failureAppendix A2Requirements for establishing characteristic capacities, p. 355.2-21A2.1Sco
29、peA2.2ProcedureAppendix A3Requirements for test members,p. 355.2-21A3.1Tests in uncracked concreteA3.2Tests in cracked concreteA3.3Casting and curing of test membersCOMMENTARYChapter R1Scope, p. 355.2-23Chapter R2Definitions and notation, p. 355.2-23R2.1DefinitionsR2.2NotationChapter R3Significance
30、and use, p. 355.2-23Chapter R4General requirements, p. 355.2-23R4.1Testing sequenceR4.2Test samplesChapter R5Requirements for test specimens, installing anchors, and conducting tests,p. 355.2-26R5.1Concrete for test membersR5.2Anchor installationR5.4Tests in cracked concreteR5.5General requirements
31、for anchor behaviorChapter R6Requirements for anchor identification, p. 355.2-28R6.3Verification of conformance to drawings andspecificationsChapter R7Reference tests, p. 355.2-28R7.2Reference tension tests for single anchors withoutspacing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Tests 1 and 2,or Table 4.2, Te
32、sts 1, 2, 3, and 4)R7.3Required calculations using results of referencetestsChapter R8Reliability tests, p. 355.2-29R8.2Reliability tests using reduced installation effort(Table 4.1, Test 3, and Table 4.2, Test 5)R8.3Reliability in low-strength concrete with large drillbit (Table 4.1, Test 4, and Ta
33、ble 4.2, Test 6)R8.4Reliability in high-strength concrete with smalldrill bit (Table 4.1, Test 5, and Table 4.2, Test 7)R8.5Reliability under repeated load (Table 4.1, Test 6)R8.6Reliability in cracked concrete where crack widthis cycled (Table 4.2, Test 8)Chapter R9Service-condition tests, p. 355.2
34、-30R9.2Service-condition tension test with single anchorand with two edges (corner) (Table 4.1, Test 7, andTable 4.2, Test 9)R9.3Service-condition test at minimum edge distanceand minimum spacing (Table 4.1, Test 8, and Table4.2, Test 10)R9.4Service-condition shear test for single anchorswithout spa
35、cing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Test 9,and Table 4.2, Test 11)R9.5Service-condition, simulated seismic tension tests(Table 4.2, Test 12)R9.6Service-condition, simulated seismic shear tests(Table 4.2, Test 13)QUALIFICATION OF POST-INSTALLED MECHANICAL ANCHORS IN CONCRETE 355.2-3Chapter R11Presentin
36、g anchor data, p. 355.2-31Chapter R13References, p. 355.2-31R13.1Cited referencesAppendix RA1Requirements for normalization of results, p. 355.2-31RA1.2Concrete breakout or splitting failureRA1.3Pullout and pull-through failureAppendix RA3Requirements for test members,p. 355.2-31RA3.2Tests in cracke
37、d concreteEXAMPLE EVALUATION OF A WEDGE-TYPE ANCHOR IN UNCRACKED CONCRETEE1Anchor specifications, p. 355.2-32E2Test results, p. 355.2-32E3Evaluation, p. 355.2-32E3.1GeneralE3.2Reference tests in uncracked low-strength concreteE3.3Reference tests in uncracked high-strength concreteE3.4Reliability tes
38、ts, reduced installation effortE3.5Reliability tests, large hole diameterE3.6Reliability tests, small hole diameterE3.7Reliability tests, repeated loadE3.8Service-condition tests, corner testE3.9Service-condition tests, minimum edge distanceand spacingE3.10Service-condition tests, shear testsE4Estab
39、lishing anchor category, p. 355.2-35E5Report of anchor data, p. 355.2-35STANDARDCHAPTER 1SCOPE1.1 ACI 355.2 prescribes testing and evaluation requirementsfor post-installed mechanical anchors intended for use inconcrete designed under the provisions of ACI 318. Criteriaare prescribed to determine wh
40、ether anchors are acceptablefor use in uncracked concrete only, or in cracked as well asuncracked concrete. Criteria are prescribed to determine theperformance category for each anchor. The anchorperformance categories are used by ACI 318 to assigncapacity reduction factors and other design paramete
41、rs.1.2 ACI 355.2 describes the tests required to qualify apost-installed mechanical anchor or anchor system for useunder the provisions of ACI 318.1.3 ACI 355.2 applies to post-installed mechanical anchors(torque-controlled expansion anchors, displacement-controlledexpansion anchors, and undercut an
42、chors) placed intopredrilled holes and anchored within the concrete bymechanical means.1.4 ACI 355.2 applies to anchors with a nominal diameterof 1/4 in. (6 mm) or larger.1.5 The values stated either in inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be separately regarded. Within the text, the SI units areshown
43、 in parentheses. The values in each system are notexact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the twosystems shall result in nonconformance with ACI 355.2.CHAPTER 2DEFINITIONS AND NOTATION2.1Definitions2.1.1 Anchor categoryThe classificati
44、on for an anchorthat is established by the performance of the anchor inreliability tests (refer to Chapter 10).2.1.2 Anchor groupA number of anchors of approximatelyequal effective embedment depth with each anchor spaced atless than three times its embedment depth from one or moreadjacent anchors.2.
45、1.3 Anchor systemSimilar anchors that vary only dueto diameter or embedment depth; a product line of a singlemanufacturer.2.1.4 Characteristic valueThe 5% fractile (value with a95% probability of being exceeded, with a confidence of 90%).2.1.5 Concrete breakout failureA concrete failure modethat dev
46、elops a cone or edge failure of the test member dueto setting of the anchor or to applied loads.2.1.6 Cracked concreteA concrete test member with asingle, full-depth, approximately uniform width crack.2.1.7 Displacement-controlled expansion anchorA post-installed anchor that is set by expansion agai
47、nst the side of thedrilled hole through movement of an internal plug in the sleeveor through movement of the sleeve over an expansion element(plug) (Fig. 2.1); once set, no further expansion can occur.2.1.8 Pullout failureA failure mode in which the anchorpulls out of the concrete without developmen
48、t of the fullsteel or concrete capacity.2.1.9 Pull-through failureA failure mode in which theanchor body pulls through the expansion mechanism withoutdevelopment of the full steel or concrete capacity.2.1.10 Setting of an anchorThe process of activating theload-transfer mechanism of an anchor in a d
49、rilled hole.2.1.11 Splitting failureA concrete failure mode in whichthe concrete fractures along a plane passing through the axisof the anchor or anchors.2.1.12 Statistically equivalentTwo groups of test resultsshall be considered statistically equivalent if there are nosignificant differences between the means of the two groups;statistical equivalence of the means of two groups shall beFig. 2.1Examples of displacement-controlled expansionanchors.355.2-4 ACI STANDA
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