ASTM A1009-2018 Standard Specification for Soft Magnetic MnZn Ferrite Core Materials for Transformer and Inductor Applications.pdf

1、Designation: A1009 05 (Reapproved 2010)A1009 18Standard Specification forSoft Magnetic MnZn Ferrite Core Materials for HighFrequency (10 kHz-1 MHz) Power Transformer and FilterInductor Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1009; the number immediately following the design

2、ation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the re

3、quirements to which the specified grades of soft magnetic manganese zinc (MnZn) ferritematerials shall conform. Cores made from these materials are used primarily in power transformers and filter inductors.1.2 FrequencyMnZn ferrite cores are primarily used for frequencies in the range of 10 kHz to 1

4、 MHz. Many inductors havea DC component as well.1.3 Magnetic Flux DensityApplications consist of two main categories, high and low magnetic flux density.1.3.1 High Magnetic Flux DensityTransformers used for power conversion. Inductors or chokes used in high currentapplications.1.3.2 Low Magnetic Flu

5、x DensityTransformers, inductors, chokes used for signal conditioning.1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pounds) SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given inparentheses are mathematical conversions to SI customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units, which are provided f

6、or informationonly and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the ap

7、plicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the

8、 World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to Magnetic TestingA1013 Test Method for High-Frequency (10 kHz-1 MHz) Core Loss of Soft Magnetic Core Components at ControlledTempera

9、tures Using the Voltmeter-Ammeter-Wattmeter Method3. Terminology3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification are defined in Terminology A340.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Inductance Index (AL value)the self inductance per winding turn squared (L/N2) expressed in un

10、its of nanohenries perturns squared (nH/N2).where:n = nano = 10 9,nH = inductance in nanohenries, and1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on Magnetic Propertiesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on MaterialSpecifications.Current edition approved N

11、ov. 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2018. Published December 2010November 2018. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20052010as A1009 05.A1009 05 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/A1009-05R10.10.1520/A1009-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Se

12、rvice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previ

13、ous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Int

14、ernational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1N = number of turns on winding (example: 0.005 H with a 100 turn coil = 0.005(100) 2 H/N2 = 500 nH/N2).3.2.2 Mated Core SetTwo or more core segments assembled with the magnetic flux path perpendicular to

15、the mating surface.3.2.3 Air core inductance, Lair, is the inductance of a core with the same magnetic path length and cross-sectional core area butwith the relative permeability of air.3.2.3.1 Customary UnitsLair54AN21029/l1,Hwhere:N = number of turns on winding;A = cross-sectional area of core spe

16、cimen, cm2; andl1 = effective magnetic path length, cm.3.2.3.2 SI UnitsLair54AN21027/l1,Hwhere:N = number of turns on winding;A = cross-sectional area of core specimen, m2; andl1 = effective magnetic path length, m.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 air core inductance (Lair)th

17、e AL value, assuming an effective permeability of one. AL is proportional to the factors ofshape and size of the core. The air core inductance is expressed as nanohenries per turn squared (nH/N2).Lair5oAeLe (1)where:Ae = effective cross-sectional area of core in mm2,Le = effective magnetic path leng

18、th of core in mm, ando = the magnetic constant as 0.4 pi nH/mm.3.2.2 effective initial permeability (c)the initial permeability of the material as defined in A340, adjusted for knownprocessing variables that are not accounted for in the Lair term such as mating surface finish and heat treatment. Can

19、 vary with size,shape, and material.3.2.3 inductance index (AL value)the inductance normalized for the number of turns. Is proportional to the factors of effectiveinitial permeability of the material core, shape, and size. It allows quick determination of expected inductance when used with thenumber

20、 of turns on the winding of the intended application. The inductance index is expressed as nanohenries per turn squared(nH/N2):AL5Laire (2)And therefore the expected inductance (L) is:L5ALN2 (3)where:nH = inductance in nanohenries, 10-9 Henries,N = the number of turns of winding,L = the expected ind

21、uctance, for a given AL and number of turns.3.2.4 mated core settwo or more core segments assembled with the magnetic flux path perpendicular to the mating surface.4. Classification4.1 The soft magnetic MnZn ferrite material-type designations for power transformer and filter inductor high and low ma

22、gneticflux density materials covered by this specification are listed in Table 1, Table 2, and and Table X1.12. The prefix of the typedesignations identifies each materials intended use. Power transformer High magnetic flux density materials are denoted with theprefix P and filter low magnetic flux

23、density materials are denoted with the prefix F.4.2 High Magnetic Flux Density MaterialsThe first and second digits of the type designations for a power transformermaterial identify the typical core loss density of the material in mW/cmkW/m3, and the remainder of the type designation identifiesthe t

24、emperatures in C in which the core material must not exceed the maximum core loss density.4.3 Low Magnetic Flux Density MaterialsThe last four digits of the type designations for filter materials identify the typicalrelative inductance permeability.A1009 1825. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for mate

25、rial under this specification shall include such of the following information as is required to describe thematerial adequately.5.1.1 ASTM specification number including year of issue or revision.5.1.2 ASTM soft magnetic MnZn ferrite material-type designation.5.1.3 Core shape, size, dimensions, and

26、dimensional tolerances.5.1.4 Whether the core is to be purchased with or without a gap.5.1.4.1 The Inductance Index (AL value) or the mechanical gap depth.5.1.4.2 If the mated core set is ordered gapped by an Inductance Index (ALvalue), the purchaser must specify whether the matedcore set consists o

27、f a gapped core half mated with an ungappedun-gapped core half or if both core halves are equally gapped.TABLE 1 Power Transformer Material Type Designations andMagnetic RequirementsASTMPowerMaterialTypeMaximum Core LossDensityASpecifiedTemperaturesThat CoreLoss DensityMust NotExceedMaximumMinimum S

28、aturation FluxDensityBCustomaryUnits, mW/cm3SI Units,W/m3SI Units,CCustomaryUnits, G SI Units, TP5025-100 65 65 000 25-100 5000 0.5P5099 65 65 000 99 5000 0.5P7070 80 80 000 70 5000 0.5P7099 80 80 000 100 5000 0.5P8040 90 90 000 40 5000 0.5TABLE 1 High Magnetic Flux Density Material Type Designation

29、sand Magnetic RequirementsASTMPowerMaterialTypeCore Loss DensityAkW/m3 (mW/cm3) TemperatureCSaturationFluxDensityBmT (gauss)Nominal Maximum MinimumP5025-100 50 (50) 65 (65) 25100 500 (5000)P5099 50 (50) 65 (65) 100 500 (5000)P7070 70 (70) 80 (80) 70 500 (5000)P7099 70 (70) 80 (80) 100 500 (5000)P804

30、0 80 (70) 90 (90) 40 500 (5000)ACore loss density test conditions: 100 kHz, 1000 G (0.1 T) at temperature ofminimum core loss.100 mT (100 gauss), at specified temperature.BSaturation flux density test conditions: 1 kHz, 15 Oe (1200 A/m),1200 A/m (15Oe), at 25C.TABLE 2 Filter Inductor Material Type D

31、esignations and MagneticRequirementsASTM FilterMaterial TypeMinimumRelativeInductancePermeability,ALMaximumRelativeInductancePermeability,ALF010K 7000 13 000F5000 3750 6 500F3000 2250 3 900TABLE 2 Low Magnetic Flux Density Material Type Designationsand Magnetic RequirementsASTM FilterMaterialTypeRel

32、ative Inductance PermeabilityALMinimum Nominal Maximum ToleranceF010K 7000 10 000 13 000 30 %F7000 4900 7000 9100 30 %F5000 3750 5000 6250 25 %F3000 2500 3000 3750 25 %ARelative inductance permeability test conditions:conditions 100 kHz, 5 G (0.0005T),0.5 mT (5 gauss), at 25C.A1009 1835.1.4.3 If the

33、 mated core set is ordered gapped by an Inductance Index (AL value), the purchaser must supply the producer witha test coil and the testing conditions (circuit mode, turns on coil, frequency, and magnetic flux density).5.1.4.4 The tolerance of either the Inductance Index (AL value) or the mechanical

34、 gap depth.5.1.5 Quantity in pieces.5.1.6 Exceptions to the specification or special requirements.6. Magnetic Properties6.1 The size of a soft magnetic MnZn ferrite power transformer core for relatively high frequencies (50 kHz) is oftenconstrained by the core loss at the operating temperature. Each

35、 power material type is identified by a maximum core loss densitylimit at the temperatures where the core loss density is intended to be below this maximum limit as shown in Table 1.HighMagnetic Flux Density Materials:6.1.1 Core LossThe size of a MnZn ferrite core is often constrained by the core lo

36、ss at the operating temperature. Each powermaterial type is identified by a maximum core loss density limit at the temperatures where the core loss density is intended to bebelow this maximum limit as shown in Table 1.6.1.2 Saturation Flux DensityThe size of a MnZn ferrite core is often constrained

37、by the saturation flux density. The minimumsaturation flux density for each material is shown in Table 1.6.2 The size of a soft magnetic MnZn ferrite power transformer core for relatively low frequencies (50 kHz) is oftenconstrained by the saturation flux density. The minimum saturation flux density

38、 for each power material is shown in Table 1.6.2 The size of a soft magnetic MnZn ferrite filter inductor core is often constrained by the Inductance Index (AL value) whichis dependent on the material permeability. Each filter material type is identified by its minimum and maximum relative inductanc

39、epermeability as shown in Table 2.Low Magnetic Flux Density Materials:6.2.1 Relative Inductance PermeabilityThe size of a soft magnetic MnZn ferrite core is often constrained by the InductanceIndex (AL value) which is dependent on the material permeability. Each material type is identified by its mi

40、nimum and maximumrelative inductance permeability as shown in Table 2.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Typical material constantsproperties for soft magnetic MnZn ferrite materials are given in Table X1.2X1.1 of Appendix X1.8. Dimensional Tolerances8.1 For sintered (unground) dimensions, the tolerances s

41、hall be 62 %.62.0 %.8.2 For machined heights, the tolerances shall be 60.005 in. (0.13 mm).60.13 mm (0.005 in.).8.3 For specified machined gap depths, the tolerances shall be 60.0007 in. (0.017 mm).60.018 mm (0.0007 in.).9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance9.1 All mating surfaces of the core shall

42、be free of dirt or any other foreign material. Foreign material or surface crazing thatinterfere mechanically or electrically are not allowed.9.2 The largest dimension of a chip, crack, pit, or surface void must not exceed one third the smallest dimension of the surfaceunder consideration.10. Test M

43、ethods10.1 Core losses are determined in accordance with the procedure of Test Method A1013.10.2 Flux Magnetic flux densities are determined by calculating flux per unit core area from the integrated voltage measuredon a secondary winding when the current through the primary winding is set for the d

44、esired magnetizing field strength.10.3 Relative inductance permeability is determined by dividing the measured inductance by the air core inductance.L 5L/Lair10.4 The inductance is typically measured using a digital LCR meter or equivalent. Procedures described by the manufacturerin the manuals of t

45、he LCR meter should be followed. See also 5.1.4.3.10.5 The size and shape of the test core specimen is of the producers choice but must have uniform cross-sectional core areathroughout its magnetic path length and be ungapped.un-gapped.11. Lot Identification11.1 The producer shall assign a lot ident

46、ification code that can be used to identify the specific critical material and processesincluding raw material suppliers lots, moldable powder lot, kiln firing, and grindingfinishing lot.A1009 18412. Material Certification Report12.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the purchaser sh

47、all be furnished certification that samples representingeach lot have been either tested or inspected as directed in this specification and the requirements have been met. When specifiedin the purchase order or contract, a report of the test results shall be furnished.12.1.1 For power transformer hi

48、gh magnetic flux density materials, the producer shall include with each shipment a certifiedreport of the core loss, saturation flux density, sintered dimensions, and Inductance Index (AL value) or gap length.12.1.2 For filter low magnetic flux density materials, the manufacturerproducer shall incl

49、ude with each shipment a certifiedreport of the Inductance Index (AL value).12.2 The material certification report shall carry the lot identification.13. Rejection and Rehearing13.1 Cores that fail to conform to the requirements of this specification shall be rejected. The rejection shall be reported inwriting to the producer. The producer may request samples with test measurements and make a claim for a rehearing.13.2 The disposition of rejected parts shall be subject to agreement between the producer and user.14. Keywords14.1 core lo