ASTM B329-2018 Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Metal Powders and Compounds Using the Scott Volumeter.pdf

1、Designation: B329 14B329 18Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Metal Powders and Compounds Usingthe Scott Volumeter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B329; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t

2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method cov

3、ers determination of the apparent density of metal powders and related compounds using the ScottVolumeter, also known as the Paint Pigment Volumeter.1.2 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubiccentimetre (g/cm3) and

4、gram (g) units is the longstanding industry practice, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropria

5、te safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the

6、 Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B215 Practices for Sampling Metal PowdersB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB873 Test Method for Measurin

7、g Volume of Apparent Density Cup Used in Test Methods B212, B329, and B417E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this test method, see Terminology B243.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method covers the evalu

8、ation of the apparent density physical characteristic of powders. The degree of correlationbetween the results of this test and the quality of powders in use will vary with each particular application and has not been fullydetermined.4.2 The apparent density measured via this test method is often re

9、ferred to as the “Scott Density.”5. Apparatus5.1 Fig. 1 shows the Scott Volumeter consisting of the following parts:5.1.1 Top FunnelsA large funnel with a 16-mesh screen No. 16 (1.18 mm) or a No. 18 (1 mm) screen per Specification E11,and a small conical funnel for directing the powder into the baff

10、le box. Funnels and screen may be brass or stainless steel.5.1.2 Baffle BoxA box with two glass sides and two wooden sides containing a series of four glass baffle plates.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct re

11、sponsibility of Subcommittee B09.03on Refractory Metal Powders.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2018. Published January 2015November 2018. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20122014as B329 98 (2012).B329 14. DOI: 10.1520/B0329-14.10.1520/B0329-18.2 For refere

12、ncedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the

13、 user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standar

14、d as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1The wooden baffle box may be substituted by a water-resi

15、stant material, such as stainless steel, if washing is more desirable thanair cleaning.5.1.3 Bottom FunnelAsmall brass or stainless steel funnel directly beneath lower baffle box opening for directing the powderinto the density cup.5.1.4 Density CupsA cylindrical cup having a capacity of 25.00 6 0.0

16、3 cm3, with an inside diameter of28.00 6 0.50 mm;29.50 6 2.50 mm; or a square cup with a capacity of 16.39 6 0.0516.39 6 0.05 cm3 cmand3. Density cups mayan inside dimension of 25.40 6 0.02 mm. Density cups shall be either brass or non-magnetic stainless steel.5.1.5 StandA90 pivoting wooden or stain

17、less steel stand to support the funnels and the baffle box concentric with the densitycup so that the bottom funnel lower opening is 19 mm above the top of the density cup as shown in Fig. 1 when using the cubicinch square cup. Fig. 2 shows some suggested modifications for use of the metriccylindric

18、al cup. Modifications A and C of Fig.2 are suggested when the metriccylindrical cup is to be used exclusively. Modification B of Fig. 2 is suggested when both cupsare to be used interchangeably.5.2 Instrument SupportA stand or bench surface, level and vibration free.5.3 BalanceA balance, readable to

19、 0.01 g with a capacity of at least 200 g, to determine the mass to the nearest 0.1 g.5.4 BrushA good quality, 25.4-mm wide brush, preferably nylon.5.5 SpatulaA standard 12.7-mm wide stainless steel laboratory spatula.6. Test Specimen6.1 Obtain a test portion in accordance with Practices B215.6.2 A

20、minimum of 25 cm3 of powder for the square cup and 35 cm3 of powder for the cylindrical cup will be needed.7. Calibration and Standardization7.1 The density cups shall be calibrated in accordance with Test Method B873. If the density cup falls outside acceptabletolerance limits, 25.00 6 0.03 cm3 for

21、 the round cup; or a square cup with a capacity of cylindrical cup; or 16.39 6 0.05 cm3,for the square cup, it is not to be used.8. Procedure8.1 Tare or preweigh the density cup.8.2 Pour the powder being tested carefully into the top receiving funnel and permit the powder to run into the density cup

22、Completely fill the density cup to overflowing or fill to overflowing and form a mound of powder above the top of the density cup.If the powder is not free-flowing, carefully brush the sample through the top receiving funnel screen without jarring the volumeter.Jarring of the volumeter could result

23、 in packing of the powder in the density cups, thus giving erroneously high values.FIG. 1 Density Apparatus AssemblyB329 1828.3 Remove the excess powder in the density cup by passing the edge of the spatula blade parallel to, and in contact with, thetop of the cup. Move the spatula smoothly along th

24、e top surface of the cup and back again until all excess powder has beenremoved, special care being taken to direct the excess powder into the unfilled areas of the cup. It is important that the spatula bekept level at all times to prevent packing or pulling out of the powder. Perform the completed

25、leveling operation to produce auniform powder surface perfectly level with the top of the density cup.8.4 After the leveling operation, lightly tap the side of the density cup to settle the powder to avoid spilling while transferringthe cup to the balance for weighing.8.5 Determine the mass of the p

26、owder to the nearest 0.1 g by weighing the cup plus powder and, if preweighed and not tared,subtracting the mass of the cup. cup; record the powder mass to the nearest 0.01 g.9. Calculation9.1 Divide the mass of the powder by the volume of the cup to obtain the apparent density. Calculate the appare

27、nt density asfollows:Apparent Density,ADS,g/cm35MV (1)where:M = mass of powder in the density cup, g, andV = volume of the density cup, cm3.10. Report10.1 Report test results as Scott Density, ADs, in grams per cubic centimetre to the nearest 0.1 gcm3.10.2 Report which density cup was used in the te

28、st.10.2 Include a reference to this test method in the report.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionPrecision has been determined from interlaboratory testing performed prior to the approval of this test method.Those results, which have been re-verified, show a precision of from 63 to 7 % of the value

29、 determined as the 2 2 limits forpowders with apparent densities of 1 to 5 g/cm3.11.2 BiasBias cannot be stated since there is no universally accepted standard instrument, nor are there certified standardsavailable.FIG. 2 Suggested Methods of Modifying the Wooden Scott Volumeter for Metric Density C

30、upB329 18312. Keywords12.1 apparent density; bulk density; Paint Pigment Volumeter; powder metallurgy; powders; refractory metals; Scott density;Scott VolumeterSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B329-06(2012)B329 14)

31、that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2018).)(1) Changed units statement in Sectionthe dimensions and tolerance 1.2 to be consistent with the B09 Policy Guide.of thecylindrical cup to accommodate use by U.S. Pharmacopoeia.(2) Added statement regarding calibrationan

32、inside dimension and tolerance of density cups.for the square cup.(3) Removed all references to inch-pound units throughout.Changed the density cup materials to a requirement (“shall”) and added“non-magnetic” to stainless steel.(4) Changed ml8.5 and cc to cmeliminate3 throughout.rounding in the weig

33、hing step, leaving rounding of the density to the Reportsection, 10.1.(5) Modifications appliedChanged 9.1 to make the test method consistent with B09 Policy Guide.show the calculation of theapparent density, to be consistent with other B09 standards.(6) Changed the screen requirement from “16 mesh”

34、 to a No. 16 or No. 18 screen.(7) Added reference to Specification E11.(8) Eliminated references to “metric,” “round,” and “cubic inch” cups, using only “cylindrical” and “square” to describe the densitycups.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted i

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