ASTM D8114-2018a Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence V.pdf

1、Designation: D8114 18D8114 18aStandard Test Method forMeasurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on FuelEconomy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks inSequence VIE Spark Ignition1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8114; the number immediately following the designation in

2、dicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONPortions of this test method are written

3、 for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM TestMonitoring Center (TMC)3 services (see Annex A1 Annex A4).The TMC provides reference oils and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desireto produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories pr

4、eviouslycalibrated by the TMC.In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such astheAmerican Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their testregistration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institut

5、e (API) and the Gear LubricantReview Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory usethe TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laborator

6、y (andhence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of testseverity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may notbe the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services pro

7、cess.Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on genericequipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has beenapproved by the

8、 technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the testprocedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identifyif the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTMencourages alternativ

9、e suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration of supplying the criticalpart/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee(current chairs shown on AST

10、M TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the partthat is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determinefeasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that areplacement critical part has been

11、 identified and proven equivalent the sole-source supplier footnoteshall be removed from the test procedure.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fueleconomy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks with gross

12、 vehicle weight 3856 kg or less. The tests are conducted using a1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.Current edition approved April

13、1, 2018Oct. 1, 2018. Published May 2018November 2018. Originally approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 asD8114 17.D8114 18. DOI: 10.1520/D8114-18.10.1520/D8114-18A.2 The multi-cylinder engine test sequences were originally developed by an ASTM Committee D02 group. Subsequently

14、 the procedures were published in an ASTMspecial technical publication. The Sequence VIB was published as Research Report RR:D02-1469, dated April 8, 1999.3 Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in the test method by means of information le

15、tters. Information lettersmay be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in allinformation Letters through No. 17-3.18-1.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provi

16、de the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the s

17、tandard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1specified spark-ignition engine with a displacemen

18、t of 3.6 L (General Motors)4 on a dynamometer test stand. It applies tomulti-viscosity oils used in these applications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct equivalent suc

19、h as the units for screw threads, National Pipe threads/diameters,tubing size, and single source supply equipment specifications. Additionally, Brake Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is measured inkilograms per kilowatt-hour.1.3 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroductionScope 1Refere

20、nced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine Configuration 6.2Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Torque Control 6.4Dynamometer 6.4.1Dynamometer Torque 6.4.2Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System 6.7Fu

21、el Flow Measurement 6.7.2Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to the Fuel Flow Meter 6.7.3Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to Engine Fuel Rail 6.7.4Fuel Supply Pumps 6.7.5Fuel Filtering 6.7.6Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Intake Air Humidity 6.8.1Intake Air Filtration 6.8.2Intake Air Pressure Rel

22、ief 6.8.3Temperature Measurement 6.9Thermocouple Location 6.9.5AFR Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11Exhaust Manifolds 6.11.1Laboratory Exhaust System 6.11.2Exhaust Back Pressure 6.11.3Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations 6.12Engine Oil 6.12.2Fuel to Fuel

23、Flow Meter 6.12.3Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail 6.12.4Exhaust Back Pressure 6.12.5Intake Air 6.12.6Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressure 6.12.7Coolant Flow Differential Pressure 6.12.8Crankcase Pressure 6.12.9Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Test Engine Configuration 6.13.1ECU (Power Control M

24、odule) 6.13.2Thermostat Block-Off Adapter Plate 6.13.3Wiring Harness 6.13.4Oil Pan 6.13.5Engine Water Pump Adapter Plate 6.13.6Thermostat Block-Off Plate 6.13.7Oil Filter Adapter Plate 6.13.8Modified Throttle Body Assembly 6.13.9Fuel Rail 6.13.10Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation 6.

25、14Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus 8Test Stand Preparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.3Engine Assembly Procedure 9.44 Trademark of General Motors Corporation, 300 Renaissance Center, Detroit, MI

26、 48265.D8114 18a2General Assembly Instructions 9.4.1Bolt Torque Specifications 9.4.2Sealing Compounds 9.4.3Harmonic Balancer 9.4.5Thermostat 9.4.6Coolant Inlet 9.4.7Oil Filter Adapter 9.4.8Dipstick Tube 9.4.9Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.4.10Ignition System 9.4.11Fuel Injection System

27、 9.4.12Intake Air System 9.4.13Engine Management System 9.4.14Accessory Drive Units 9.4.15Exhaust Manifolds 9.4.16Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.4.17Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.4.18Engine Mounts 9.4.19Non-Phased Camshaft Gears 9.4.20Internal Coolant Orifice 9.4.21Calibration 10Stand/Engine Calibrat

28、ion 10.1Procedure 10.1.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.1.2Analysis of Reference/Calibration Oils 10.1.3Instrument Calibration 10.2Engine Torque Measurement System 10.2.3Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.2.4Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.2.5Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System 10.2.6H

29、umidity Measurement System 10.2.7Other Instrumentation 10.2.8Test Procedure 11External Oil System 11.1Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 11.2Preparation for Oil Charge 11.3Initial Engine Start-Up 11.4New Engine Break-In 11.5Oil Charge for Break-In 11.5.2Break-In Operating Conditions 11.5.3Standard Re

30、quirements for Break-In 11.5.4Routine Test Operation 11.6Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.6.1Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.6.2Test Operating Stages 11.6.3Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.6.4Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.6.5BLB1 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Run 1

31、 11.6.6BSFC Measurement of BLB1 Oil Before Test Oil Run 2 11.6.7BLB2 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.8BSFC Measurement of BLB2 Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.9Percent Delta Calculation for BLB1 vs. BLB2 11.6.10Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.6.11Test Oil Aging, Phase I 11.6.12BSFC Measurem

32、ent of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil 11.6.13Test Oil Aging, Phase II 11.6.14BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil 11.6.15Oil Consumption and Sampling 11.6.16Flush Procedure for BL Oil (BLA) After Test Oil 11.6.17General Test Data Logging Forms 11.6.18Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.6.19Determinatio

33、n of Test Results 12Final Test Report 13Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15AnnexesASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Ann

34、ex A4Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A5Oil Heater Bolton 255 Refill Procedure Annex A6Engine Part Number Listing Annex A7Safety Precautions Annex A8Sequence VIE Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A9Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviations Annex A10Deter

35、mining the Oil Sump Full Level and Consumption Annex A11Fuel Injection Evaluation Annex A12D8114 18a3Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A13Blow-by Ventilation System Requirements Annex A14Calculation of Test Results Annex A15Calculation of Un-weighted Baseline Shift Annex A16Non-Phased Cam Gear an

36、d Position Actuator Installation Annex A17ProcedureProcurement of Test Materials Annex A18AppendixUseful Information Appendix X1Subject SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine Configuration 6.2Labora

37、tory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Torque Control 6.4Dynamometer 6.4.1Dynamometer Torque 6.4.2Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System 6.7Fuel Flow Measurement 6.7.2Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to the Fuel Flow Meter 6.7.3Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to

38、Engine Fuel Rail 6.7.4Fuel Supply Pumps 6.7.5Fuel Filtering 6.7.6Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Intake Air Humidity 6.8.1Intake Air Filtration 6.8.2Intake Air Pressure Relief 6.8.3Temperature Measurement 6.9Thermocouple Location 6.9.5AFR Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11E

39、xhaust Manifolds 6.11.1Laboratory Exhaust System 6.11.2Exhaust Back Pressure 6.11.3Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations 6.12Engine Oil 6.12.2Fuel to Fuel Flow Meter 6.12.3Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail 6.12.4Exhaust Back Pressure 6.12.5Intake Air 6.12.6Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressur

40、e 6.12.7Coolant Flow Differential Pressure 6.12.8Crankcase Pressure 6.12.9Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Test Engine Configuration 6.13.1ECU (Power Control Module) 6.13.2Thermostat Block-Off Adapter Plate 6.13.3Wiring Harness 6.13.4Oil Pan 6.13.5Engine Water Pump Adapter Plate 6.13.6Therm

41、ostat Block-Off Plate 6.13.7Oil Filter Adapter Plate 6.13.8Modified Throttle Body Assembly 6.13.9Fuel Rail 6.13.10Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation 6.14Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus 8Test Stand Pr

42、eparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.3Engine Assembly Procedure 9.4General Assembly Instructions 9.4.1Bolt Torque Specifications 9.4.2Sealing Compounds 9.4.3Harmonic Balancer 9.4.5D8114 18a4Thermostat 9.4.6Coolant Inlet 9.4.7Oil Filter Adapter 9.4.8Dipstick Tube 9.4.9Sensors,

43、Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.4.10Ignition System 9.4.11Fuel Injection System 9.4.12Intake Air System 9.4.13Engine Management System 9.4.14Accessory Drive Units 9.4.15Exhaust Manifolds 9.4.16Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.4.17Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.4.18Engine Mounts 9.4.19Non-Phased Cams

44、haft Gears 9.4.20Internal Coolant Orifice 9.4.21Calibration 10Stand/Engine Calibration 10.1Procedure 10.1.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.1.2Analysis of Reference/Calibration Oils 10.1.3Instrument Calibration 10.2Engine Torque Measurement System 10.2.3Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.2.4Coolant Fl

45、ow Measurement System 10.2.5Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System 10.2.6Humidity Measurement System 10.2.7Other Instrumentation 10.2.8Test Procedure 11External Oil System 11.1Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 11.2Preparation for Oil Charge 11.3Initial Engine Start-Up 11.4New Engine Break-I

46、n 11.5Oil Charge for Break-In 11.5.2Break-In Operating Conditions 11.5.3Standard Requirements for Break-In 11.5.4Routine Test Operation 11.6Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.6.1Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.6.2Test Operating Stages 11.6.3Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.6.4Stabilized

47、 BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.6.5BLB1 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Run 1 11.6.6BSFC Measurement of BLB1 Oil Before Test Oil Run 2 11.6.7BLB2 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.8BSFC Measurement of BLB2 Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.9Percent Delta Calculation for BLB1 vs. BLB2

48、11.6.10Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.6.11Test Oil Aging, Phase I 11.6.12BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil 11.6.13Test Oil Aging, Phase II 11.6.14BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil 11.6.15Oil Consumption and Sampling 11.6.16Flush Procedure for BL Oil (BLA) After Test Oil 11.6.17Gene

49、ral Test Data Logging Forms 11.6.18Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.6.19Determination of Test Results 12Final Test Report 13Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15AnnexesASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A5Oil Heater Bolton 255 Refill Procedure Annex A6Engine Part Number Listing Annex A7Safety Precautions Annex A8Sequence VIE Test Report