ASTM F2105-2018 Standard Test Method for Measuring Air Performance Characteristics of Vacuum Cleaner Motor Fan Systems《测定真空除尘器马达 风扇系统空气特性的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: F2105 18 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forMeasuring Air Performance Characteristics of VacuumCleaner Motor/Fan Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o

2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining airperformance characterist

3、ics of series universal motor/fan sys-tems used in commercial and household upright, canister, stick,hand-held utility, combination-type vacuum cleaners, andhousehold central vacuum cleaning systems.1.2 These tests and calculations include determination ofsuction, airflow, air power, maximum air pow

4、er, and inputpower under specified operating conditions.NOTE 1For more information on air performance characteristics, seeReferences (1) through (2).21.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard

5、 does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This interna

6、tional standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Com

7、mittee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE2251 Specification for Liq

8、uid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision LiquidsF431 Specification for Air Performance Measurement Ple-num Chamber for Vacuum Cleaners2.2 AMCA Standard:4210-85 Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Rating2.3 IEC Standard:5IEC 62885-2 Surface Cleaning Appliances Part 2: DryVacuum Cl

9、eaners for Household or Similar Use Meth-ods for Measuring the Performance3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 air power, AP, W, nin a vacuum cleaner motor/fansystem, the net time rate of work performed by an air streamwhile expending energy to produce an airflow by a vacuumcleaner motor/fan system u

10、nder specified air resistance condi-tions.3.1.2 corrected airflow, Q, cfm, nin a vacuum cleanermotor/fan system, the volume of air movement per unit of timeunder standard atmospheric conditions.3.1.3 input power, W, nrate at which electrical energy isabsorbed by a vacuum cleaner motor/fan system.3.1

11、.4 model, ndesignation of a group of vacuum cleanermotor/fan systems having the same mechanical and electricalconstruction.3.1.5 population, ntotal of all units of a particular modelvacuum cleaner motor/fan system being tested.3.1.6 repeatability limit (r), nvalue below which theabsolute difference

12、between two individual test results obtainedunder repeatability conditions may be expected to occur with aprobability of approximately 0.95 (95 %).1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F11 on VacuumCleaners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F11.22 on Air Perfor-

13、mance.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F2105 17. DOI:10.1520/F2105-18.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended tothis test method.3For referenced ASTM standards, v

14、isit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Air Movement and Control Association, Inc., 30 West Univer-sity Dr., Arlington

15、 Heights, IL 60004-1893.5Available from the IEC webstore, webstore.iec.ch, or American NationalStandards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international

16、 standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1

17、3.1.7 repeatability standard deviation (Sr), nstandard de-viation of test results obtained under repeatability conditions.3.1.8 reproducibility limit (R), nvalue below which theabsolute difference between two test results obtained underreproducibility conditions may be expected to occur with aprobab

18、ility of approximately 0.95 (95 %).3.1.9 reproducibility standard deviation (SR), nstandarddeviation of test results obtained under reproducibility condi-tions.3.1.10 sample, ngroup of vacuum cleaner motor/fan sys-tems taken from a large collection of vacuum cleaner motor/fansystems of one particula

19、r model which serves to provideinformation that may be used as a basis for making a decisionconcerning the larger collection.3.1.11 standard air density, std, lb/ft3,natmospheric airdensity of 0.075 lb/ft3(1.2014 kg/m3).3.1.11.1 DiscussionThis value of air density correspondsto atmospheric air at a

20、temperature of 68F (20C), 14.696 psi(101.325 kPa), and approximately 30 % relative humidity.3.1.12 suction, inches of water, nin a vacuum cleanermotor/fan system, the absolute difference between ambient andsub-atmospheric pressure.3.1.13 test run, ndefinitive procedure that produces thesingular resu

21、lt of calculated maximum air power.3.1.14 test station pressure, Bt, inches of mercury, nfor avacuum cleaner motor/fan system, the absolute barometricpressure at the test location (elevation) and test time.3.1.14.1 DiscussionIt is not the equivalent mean sea levelvalue of barometric pressure typical

22、ly reported by the airportand weather bureaus. It is sometimes referred to as theuncorrected barometric pressure (that is, not corrected to themean sea level equivalent value). Refer to 5.4 for additionalinformation.3.1.15 unit, nsingle vacuum cleaner motor/fan system ofthe model being tested.4. Sig

23、nificance and Use4.1 The test results allow the comparison of the maximumair power at the vacuum cleaner motor/fan system inlet underthe conditions of this test method.5. Apparatus5.1 Plenum ChamberSee Specification F431 or IEC62885-2, Section 5.8.3.5.2 Water Manometers, or equivalent instruments. O

24、ne tomeasure from 0 to 6 in. (152.4 mm) in increments of 0.01 in.(0.254 mm), and one with increments of 0.1 in. (2.54 mm) foruse in making measurements above 6 in. (152.4 mm). A singleinstrument having a resolution of 0.01 in. (0.254 mm) over theentire required range may be used instead of two separ

25、ateinstruments.5.3 Power analyzer, to provide measurements accurate towithin 61%.5.4 Barometer, with an accuracy of 60.05 in. of mercury(1.27 mm of mercury), capable of measuring and displayingabsolute barometric pressure, scale divisions 0.02 in. (0.51mm) or finer.5.4.1 Mercury barometers, in gener

26、al, measure and displaythe absolute barometric pressure. Some corrections may beneeded for temperature and gravity. Consult the ownersmanual.5.4.2 When purchasing an aneroid or electronic barometer,be sure to purchase one which displays the absolute barometricpressure, not the mean sea level equival

27、ent barometric pressurevalue. These types of barometers generally have temperaturecompensation built into them and do not need to be correctedfor gravity.5.5 Sharp-Edge Orifice PlatesSee specifications in Speci-fication F431.5.6 ThermometerSolid-stem, ambient thermometer hav-ing a range from 18 to 8

28、9F (or 8 to +32C) with graduationsin 0.2F (0.1C), conforming to the requirements for thermom-eter 63F (17C) as prescribed in Specification E1.Asanalternative, thermometers S63F or S63C, as prescribed inSpecification E2251, may be used. In addition, thermometricdevices such as resistance temperature

29、detectors (RTDs),thermistors, or thermocouples of equal or better accuracy maybe used.5.7 PsychrometerThermometers graduated in 0.2F(0.1C).5.8 Voltage, Regulator System, to control the input voltageto the vacuum cleaner motor/fan system. The regulator systemshall be capable of maintaining the vacuum

30、 cleaner motor/fansystems rated voltage 61 % and rated frequency 61Hzhaving a wave form that is essentially sinusoidal with 3 %maximum harmonic distortion for the duration of the test.6. Sampling6.1 A minimum of three units of the same model vacuumcleaner motor/fan system, selected at random in acco

31、rdancewith good statistical practice, shall constitute the populationsample.6.1.1 To determine the best estimate of maximum air powerfor the population of the vacuum cleaner motor/fan systemmodel being tested, the arithmetic mean of the maximum airpower of the sample from the population shall be est

32、ablishedby testing it to a 90 % confidence level within 65%.6.1.2 Annex A2 provides a procedural example for deter-mining the 90 % confidence level and when the sample sizeshall be increased.NOTE 2See Annex A2 for method of determining 90 % confidencelevel.7. Preparation for Test7.1 Mount the vacuum

33、 cleaner motor/fan system unit to theplenum chamber by any convenient method meeting therequirements of 7.1.1 7.1.5.1. See Fig. 1 for an example of amotor mounted to the plenum chamber.7.1.1 The motor/fan system inlet shall be centered withrespect to the outlet opening of the plenum chamber.F2105 18

34、27.1.2 The motor/fan system inlet shall be mounted to theplenum chamber such that the inlet does not project into theplenum chamber.7.1.2.1 If necessary, mount the motor/fan system to astandoff pipe, having an inside diameter of 4 in. and suitablelength to prevent the motor/fan system inlet from pro

35、jectinginto the plenum chamber. See Fig. 2 for an example.7.1.3 Secure the motor/fan system unit to the plenumchamber such that it does not rotate when the motor starts.7.1.4 Seal all leaks between the motor/fan system inlet andthe plenum chamber by any convenient means. See Fig. 3 forexample of mou

36、nting gasket and plate used to create a seal.7.1.5 For vacuum cleaner motor/fan systems requiring apart from the vacuum cleaner housing to complete the fanchamber, it is acceptable to mount the motor/fan system to thispart and in turn mount the fan chambers inlet to the plenumchamber.7.1.5.1 It may

37、be necessary to modify the vacuum cleanerhousing by any convenient means to allow the fan chamberinlet to be mounted per 7.1 7.1.4. The modifications shall notaffect performance.7.2 Connect the motor/fan system to the power supply usinga length of cable of sufficient size to maintain rated voltage a

38、tthe motor/fan system electrical terminals.7.3 Set the manometers to zero and check all instruments forproper operation.7.4 Record the test station pressure and the dry-bulb andwet-bulb temperature readings within 6 ft (1.8 m) of the testarea. Read the barometric pressure to the nearest 0.02 in. (0.

39、51mm), and the dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures to thenearest 0.2F (0.1C).7.5 Connect a manometer or equivalent instrument to theplenum chamber.7.6 Connect a power analyzer.8. Test Procedure8.1 Operate the vacuum cleaner motor/fan system with noorifice plate inserted in the plenum chamber inlet at

40、 nameplaterated voltage 61 % and frequency 61 Hz for 1 h prior to thestart of the first test run. For vacuum cleaner motor/fan systemswith dual nameplate voltage ratings, conduct testing at thehighest voltage.8.2 For each subsequent test run, allow the unit to reach itsnormal operating temperature b

41、y allowing the vacuum cleanermotor/fan system to operate at the open orifice for 1 to 2 minbetween test runs.8.3 While operating the vacuum cleaner motor/fan systemper 8.2, insert orifice plates sequentially into the orifice plateholder of the plenum chamber starting with the largest sizeorifice and

42、 following it with the next smaller orifice plate. Usethe following orifice plates: 2.0, 1.5, 1.25, 1.0 0.875, 0.75,0.625, 0.5, 0.375, 0.25 and 0.0 in. (50.8, 38.1, 31.7, 25.4, 22.2,19.0, 15.8, 12.7, 9.5, 6.3 mm). The following optional orificeplates may also be used: 2.5, 2.25, 1.75, 1.375, 1.125 i

43、n. (63.5,57.2, 44.5, 34.9, 28.6 mm).8.4 For each orifice plate, record the suction, h, and inputpower, P, in that order. All readings should be taken within 10FIG. 1 Motor Mounted to Plenum ChamberFIG. 2 Example of Standoff PipeFIG. 3 Mounting Plate and GasketF2105 183s of the orifice insertion. For

44、 orifices less than 0.750 in., allowthe vacuum cleaner motor/fan system to operate at the openorifice for 15 seconds minimum before inserting the nextorifice.8.4.1 Read the suction to the nearest graduation of themanometer. Readings should be taken as soon as the manom-eter reaches a true peak. (Whe

45、n using a fluid type manometer,the liquid level may peak, drop, and peak again. The secondpeak is the true peak reading. A person conducting the test forthe first time shall observe at least one run before recordingdata. See Specification F431 for instructions on how tominimize the overshoot (first

46、peak) of the liquid level.)9. Calculation9.1 Correction of Data to Standard Conditions:9.1.1 Air Density RatioThe density ratio, Dr, is the ratio ofthe air density at the time of test test, to the standard airdensity, std= 0.075 lb/ft3(1.2014 kg/m3). It is used to correctthe vacuum and wattage readi

47、ngs to standard conditions. Findtest(lb/ft3or kg/m3) from standard psychometric charts orASHRAE tables and calculate Dras follows:Dr5teststdTABLE 1 Orifice Flow Coefficient Equations (K1)NOTE 1K1was determined experimentally using an ASTM PlenumChamber (see Specification F431) and anASME Flowmeter (

48、see Ref. (1).NOTE 2Equations for K1, in terms of Btand h are given in AppendixX6.Orifice Diameter,inches (mm)Orifice FlowCoefficient EquationA0.250 (6.3)K150.5575r20.5955r21.04680.375 (9.5)K150.5553r20.5754r21.02630.500 (12.7)K150.5694r20.5786r21.01380.625 (15.8)K150.5692r20.5767r21.01040.750 (19.0)

49、K150.5715r20.5807r21.01380.875 (22.2)K150.5740r20.5841r21.01581.000 (25.4)K150.5687r20.5785r21.01461.125 (28.6)K150.5675r20.5819r21.02251.250 (31.7)K150.5717r20.5814r21.01521.375 (34.9)K150.5680r20.5826r21.02351.500 (38.1)K150.5719r20.5820r21.01651.750 (44.5)K150.5695r20.5839r21.02352.000 (50.8)K150.5757r20.5853r21.01572.250 (57.2)K150.5709r20.5878r21.02792.500 (63.5)K150.5660r20.59024r21.0400Ar 5Bts0.4912d 2 hs0.03607dBts0.4912dwhere:Bt= test station pressure at time of test, inches of mercury, andh = uncorrected suction (m