ASTM G87-2002(2018) Standard Practice for Conducting Moist SO2 Tests.pdf

1、Designation: G87 02 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Practice forConducting Moist SO2Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G87; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par

2、entheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the apparatus and procedure to beused in conducting qualitative assessment tests in accordancewith the requirements of material

3、 or product specifications bymeans of specimen exposure to condensed moisture containingsulfur dioxide.1.2 The exposure conditions may be varied to suit particularrequirements and this practice includes provisions for use ofdifferent concentrations of sulfur dioxide and for tests eitherrunning conti

4、nuously or in cycles of alternate exposure to thesulfur dioxide containing atmosphere and to the ambientatmosphere.1.3 The variant of the test to be used, the exposure periodrequired, the type of test specimen, and the criteria of failureare not prescribed by this practice. Such details are provided

5、 inappropriate material and product purchase specifications.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresp

6、onsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For a specific warning statement, see 4.3.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internatio

7、nally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D714 Test

8、Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or CoatedSpecimens Subjected to Corrosive EnvironmentsG1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corro-sion Test SpecimensG46 Guide for Examination and Evaluat

9、ion of Pitting Cor-rosion3. Significance and Use3.1 Moist air containing sulfur dioxide quickly produceseasily visible corrosion on many metals in a form resemblingthat occurring in industrial environments. It is therefore a testmedium well suited to detect pores or other sources ofweakness in prote

10、ctive coatings and deficiencies in corrosionresistance associated with unsuitable alloy composition ortreatments.3.2 The results obtained in the test should not be regarded asa general guide to the corrosion resistance of the testedmaterials in all environments where these materials may beused. Perf

11、ormance of different materials in the test should onlybe taken as a general guide to the relative corrosion resistanceof these materials in moist SO2service.4. Apparatus4.1 The apparatus required for moist SO2testing consists ofa test chamber having an internal capacity of 300 L (10.6 ft3),a supply

12、of sulfur dioxide with metering device, specimensupports, provisions for heating the chamber, and necessarymeans of control. The size and detailed construction of theapparatus are optional, provided the conditions obtained meet1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on Corrosi

13、onof Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.05 on LaboratoryCorrosion Tests.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as G87 02 (2013). DOI:10.1520/G0087-02R18.2For referenced ASTM standards

14、, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194

15、28-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Techn

16、ical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1the requirements of this practice. Suitable apparatus which maybe used to obtain these conditions is described in Appendix X1.4.2 Drops of condensing moisture which accumulate on theceiling of the chamber shall not be permitted to fall on thespecimens being te

17、sted.4.3 (WarningSuck-back into cylinder may cause explo-sion. Always use a check valve, vacuum break, or otherprotective apparatus in any line or piping from cylinder to testchamber to prevent suck-back. Installation of the chamberunder a fume hood is recommended.)5. Reagents5.1 Purity of ReagentsR

18、eagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused, provided it is

19、 first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.5.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type IV of Specification D1193.5.3 A commerc

20、ially available source of bottled SO2gashaving a minimum purity of 99.9 % (liquid phase) with properregulator, and means of measuring the volumes of gas requiredfor delivery into test chamber shall be provided.5.4 The volume of gas delivered into test chamber shall bemeasured by means of either a pr

21、operly calibrated flowmeter(rotameter type) with metering valve, or in a gas buret usingviscous paraffin oil as the pressure controlling fluid.5.4.1 The volume to be measured may be as small as 0.2 L.Measures should be taken to avoid errors from air contained indelivery tubes between flowmeter or ga

22、s burette and testchamber.6. Sampling6.1 The specific location of samples in a mill product, thenumber of samples that should be tested, and other factorsconcerning sampling, are not within the scope of this practice.These factors should be mutually agreed upon between pur-chaser and supplier (see 7

23、.1).7. Test Specimens7.1 Select the number and type of test specimens, and theirshape and dimensions according to the specification coveringthe product or material being tested or agreed upon betweenpurchaser and supplier.7.2 The total combined exposed surface area of the materialtested at any one t

24、ime should be substantially the same andunless otherwise agreed upon, it shall be 0.5 6 0.1 m2(5.4 ft26 1ft2).7.2.1 More specimens of the same material may be added, ifneeded.7.3 To obtain quantitative corrosion-rate data, only materi-als with similar reactivities should be included in a test run.7.

25、4 Preparation of Test Specimens:7.4.1 Suitably clean the specimens before testing (see Prac-tice G1). Unless otherwise agreed upon the cleaning methodshall be optional depending on the nature of the surface and ofthe likelihood of contamination. The cleaning method shall notinclude the use of abrasi

26、ves (other than a paste of puremagnesium oxide), corrosive solvents, corrosion-promotingmaterials or protective film formers. Care in handling isnecessary so as not to recontaminate the test specimens.7.4.2 If test specimens are cut from a larger coated article,carry out the cutting in such a way th

27、at coating damage isminimized in the area adjacent to the cut. Unless otherwisespecified, adequately protect the cut edges by coating themwith a suitable medium, stable under the conditions of the test,such as wax or tape. High-quality platers tape or microcrystal-line wax are generally suitable.7.5

28、 Position of Specimens During Test:7.5.1 Place the test specimens in the cabinet so that no partof any specimen is within 20 mm (0.78 in.) of another or within100 mm (3.93) of the walls or the ceiling or within 200 mm(7.87 in.) of the surface of the water in the base of the chamber.7.5.2 Arrange the

29、 specimens so that moisture which maycondense on any of them or their supports will not fall on otherspecimens placed at lower levels. If possible place all testspecimens on the same horizontal plane so they are exposed toequal concentrations of SO2gas.7.5.3 Unless otherwise agreed upon, the angle o

30、f inclinationof test surfaces to the vertical is optional. A near verticalorientation (0 to 10 from vertical) is suggested unless other-wise agreed upon or specified.8. Conditioning8.1 Operate a new chamber for at least ten 24-h cycleswithout introduction of any test material by the procedureapplica

31、ble to an atmosphere containing an addition of 2 L (122in.3) of sulfur dioxide before it is brought into use for testing.This should reduce any risks of contamination of the atmo-sphere by vapors from construction materials of chamber.9. Procedure9.1 Introduce 2 6 0.2 L (122 in.36 12 in.3) of distil

32、ledwater into the base of chamber.9.2 Place the test specimens in the chamber and close thedoor/lid.9.3 Introduce the volume of sulfur dioxide, required by thegoverning materials specification, into the chamber through theinlet pipe. Usually this volume will be 0.2, 1, or 2 L (12 in.3,61 in.3, or 12

33、2 in.36 12 in.3).3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory U.K. Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, and the United

34、States Pharmacopeia andNational Formulary, U.S. Pharamacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC) Rockville,MD.”G87 02 (2018)29.4 Switch on the heater and raise the temperature inside thechamber to 40 6 3C (104 6 5.4F) in about 1.5 h. Make surethe heating is under control to keep the temperature inside thecham

35、ber at 40 6 3C (104 6 5.4F) for the specified period.Each set point and its tolerance represents an operationalcontrol point for equilibrium conditions at a single location inthe cabinet which may not necessarily represent the uniformityof conditions throughout the cabinet.9.5 One test cycle is 24 h

36、. Either Method A or B, and thenumber of cycles shall be designated by the specification forthe material or product being tested or mutually agreed upon bythe purchaser and seller. For either method, replace the water inthe chamber and the sulfur dioxide in the air of the chamberbefore each 24 h cyc

37、le begins.9.5.1 Method A, Continuous ExposureThe specimensshall remain continuously exposed to the atmosphere in thechamber for 24 h. Replacement of the water and sulfur dioxidefor a second period of test shall be made with a minimum ofdisturbance of the test specimens.9.5.2 Method B, Alternating Ex

38、posureExpose the speci-mens for 8 h, followed by drying in the ambient conditionsinside the chamber for 16 h. Ambient conditions shall be anindoor atmosphere with no unusual pollution other than thatarising from the test chamber. Such conditions shall becontrolled to a temperature in the range of 20

39、 to 30C (68 to86F), and a relative humidity below 75 %.9.6 Duration of TestThe number of cycles shall be desig-nated by the specification for the material or product beingtested or mutually agreed upon by purchaser and seller.9.7 Cleaning of Tested SpecimensAt the end of the testperiod, remove the s

40、pecimens from the chamber. Before theyare examined, allow them to hang freely in a normal indooratmosphere until any fluid corrosion product dries. Examinewith all corrosion product in position and any cleaning carriedout depends on the criteria laid down for evaluation of the testresult (see Practi

41、ce G1).10. Evaluation of Results10.1 Different criteria for evaluation of the results of the testmay be applied to meet particular requirements, for example,mass change, change in appearance, alteration revealed bymicrographic examination, or change in mechanical properties.Usually the appropriate c

42、riteria will be indicated in thespecification for the material or product tested. For mostroutine applications of the test, only the following need to beconsidered:10.1.1 Appearance after drying in air,10.1.2 Appearance after removing superficial corrosionproducts by washing with water and a soft br

43、istle brush,10.1.3 The number and distribution of corrosion defects, forexample, pits, cracks, blisters, and other defects may conve-niently be assessed by methods such as that described in TestMethod D1654, Test Method D714, and Guide G46.10.1.4 The number of cycles elapsing before the appearanceof

44、 the first sign of corrosion.11. Report11.1 The report shall indicate the outcome of the testaccording to the criteria for evaluation of results prescribed forthe test. The result obtained for each specimen tested and,when appropriate, the average result for a group of replicatetest specimens shall

45、be reported. The report, may, if required,be accompanied by photographic records of the tested speci-mens.11.2 The report shall contain information about all testdetails. This information may vary according to the purposes ofthe test and to the directions prescribed for it but a general listof the d

46、etails likely to be required is as follows:11.2.1 Chemical composition of the material tested,11.2.2 Dimensions and shape of the test specimen and thenature and area of the surface tested,11.2.3 Preparation of the test specimen including any clean-ing treatment applied and any protection given to ed

47、ges orother special areas. Known characteristics of any coating withan indication of the surface finish,11.2.4 Amount of sulfur dioxide introduced per cycle,11.2.5 Number of test specimens subjected to test represent-ing each material or product,11.2.6 Method used to clean test specimens after the t

48、est andan indication of the loss of mass resulting from the cleaningoperation, when appropriate,11.2.7 Temperature of test,11.2.8 Duration of test (number of cycles), and11.2.9 Character of any control test panels placed in thecabinet expressly to check the correctness of the operatingconditions and

49、 the results obtained with them.11.2.10 Method A or B.G87 02 (2018)3APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. MOIST SO2TEST APPARATUSX1.1 LocationX1.1.1 The chamber shall be located in an area free ofunusual pollution, direct sunlight, and drafts. Temperatureshould be controlled between 20 to 30C (68 to 86F) at arelative humidity below 75 %.X1.2 ChamberX1.2.1 Standard SO2chambers are available from severalsuppliers, but certain pertinent details are required before theywill function according to this practice and provide consistentcontrol for duplication of results.X