GBC LEED HOMES-2009 LEED for Homes REFERENCE GUIDE (Second Edition)《》.pdf

1、Homes REFERENCE GUIDE Second Edition 2009U.S. Green Building Council ii Copyright Copyright 2009 by the U.S. Green Building Council. All rights reserved. The U.S. Green Building Council authorizes individual use of the LEED for Homes Reference Guide. In exchange for this authorization, the user agre

2、es (1) to retain all copyright and other proprietary notices contained in the original LEED for Homes Reference Guide, (2) not to sell or modify the LEED for Homes Reference Guide, and (3) not to reproduce, display, or distribute the LEED for Homes Reference Guide in any way for public or commercial

3、 purpose, including display on a Web site or in a networked environment. Unauthorized use of the LEED for Homes Reference Guide violates copyright, trademark, and other laws and is prohibited. The text of the federal and state codes, regulations, voluntary standards, etc. reproduced in the LEED for

4、Homes Reference Guide is used under license to the U.S. Green Building Council or, in some instances, in the public domain. All other text, graphics, layout, and other elements of content in the LEED for Homes Reference Guide are owned by the U.S. Green Building Council and are protected by copyrigh

5、t under both U.S. and foreign laws. Disclaimer None of the parties involved in the funding or creation of the LEED for Homes Refer- ence Guide, including the U.S. Green Building Council, its members, its contractors, or the U.S. government, assume any liability or responsibility to the user or any t

6、hird parties for the accuracy, completeness, or use of or reliance on any information con- tained in the LEED for Homes Reference Guide, or for any injuries, losses, or damages (including, without limitation, equitable relief ) arising from such use or reliance. As a condition of use, the user coven

7、ants not to sue and agrees to waive and release the U.S. Green Building Council, its members, its contractors, and the U.S. govern- ment from any and all claims, demands, and causes of action for any injuries, losses, or damages (including, without limitation, equitable relief ) that the user may no

8、w or hereafter have a right to assert against such parties as a result of the use of, or reliance on, the LEED for Homes Reference Guide. The builder (or primary project manager) is solely responsible for choosing LEED for Homes features that are appropriate for the home and for their proper install

9、ation. The U.S. Green Building Council and its representatives are responsible only for verifying the completion of LEED for Homes requirements as set forth in the LEED for Homes Rating System; such verification in no way constitutes a warranty as to the appropri- ateness of the selected LEED for Ho

10、mes measures or the quality of implementation. U.S. Green Building Council 2101 L Street, NW Suite 500 Washington, DC 20037 Trademark LEED is a registered trademark of the U.S. Green Building Council. ISBN 978-1-932444-10-0 LEED for Homes Reference Guide iii Acknowledgments The LEED for Homes Refere

11、nce Guide has been made possible through the efforts of many dedicated volunteers, staff members, and others in the USGBC community. The Reference Guide was managed and implemented by USGBC staff and consultants and included review and suggestions from many Technical Advisory Sub-Committee and Techn

12、ical Advisory Group members and the LEED for Homes Committee. We extend our deepest gratitude to all of our LEED committee members who participated in the development of this guide, for their tireless volunteer efforts and constant support of the USGBC mission. LEED for Homes Core Committee Steve Wi

13、nter (Chair), Steven Winter Associates Kristin Shewfelt (Vice-Chair), Architectural Energy Corporation Scott Blunk, GreenBuilt Construction Mack Caldwell, Ideal Homes Dennis Creech, Southface Energy Institute Jim Crocker, Wianno Realty Dan Dempsey, Carrier Corporation Ann Edminster, Design AVEnues R

14、ichard Faesy, Vermont Energy Investment Corporation Randy Hansell, Earth Advantage Program Daniele Loffreda, Plateau Enviro Eric Martin, Florida Solar Energy Center, University of Central Florida Richard Michal, Richard J. Michal, LLC Tien Peng, Quadrant Homes Sam Rashkin, U.S. Environmental Protect

15、ion Agency, ENERGY STAR for Homes Kevin Stack, Northeast Natural Homes Contractors and Builders Dave Ware, Owens-Corning Walker Wells, Global Green USA A special thanks to representatives of our key stakeholder organizations, who participated in this process: Joy Altwies, University of WisconsinMadi

16、son, Program Director; Bill Semple, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation; Victoria Schomer, Interior Con- cerns, Owner; and Richard Schneider, USACE, Project Manager/Research Architect. A special thanks to Jay Hall and Doug King from Building Knowledge, Inc., for their significant contribution to

17、 the LEED for Homes Reference Guide. LEED Technical Advisory Groups Sustainable Sites TAG Bryna Dunn (Chair), Moseley Architects Susan Kaplan (Vice-Chair), Battery Park City Authority Michele Adams, Cahill Associates Gina Baker, Burt Hill Ted Bardacke, Global Green USA Stephen Benz, Sasaki Associate

18、s Mark Brumbaugh, Brumbaugh & Associates Meg Calkins, Ball State University Laura Case, Emory University Campus ServicesU.S. Green Building Council iv Zachary Christeson, the HOK Planning Group Stew Comstock, MD DEP Jay Enck, Commissioning & Green Building Services Ron Hand, E/FECT Sustainable Desig

19、n Solutions Richard Heinisch, Lithonia Michael Lane, Lighting Design Lab Marita Roos, Andropogon Associates Zolna Russell, Hord Coplan Macht, Inc. Alfred Vick, Ecos Environmental Design, Inc. Eva Wong, EPA Heat Island Reduction Initiative Water Efficiency TAG David Sheridan (Chair), Aqua Cura John K

20、oeller (Vice-Chair), Koeller and Company Gunnar Baldwin, TOTO USA, Inc. Neal Billetdeaux, JJR David Carlson, Columbia University Bill Hoffman, H. W. (Bill) Hoffman and Associates Geoff Nara, Civil & Environmental Consultants Heather Kinkade-Levario, ARCADIS Shabbir Rawalpindiwala, Kohler Company Ste

21、phanie Tanner, US Environmental Protection Agency Bill Wall, Clivus New England, Inc. Bill Wilson, Environmental Planning & Design, LLC Energy & Atmosphere TAG Greg Kats (Chair), Good Energies Marcus Sheffer (Vice-Chair), 7group Saad Dimachkieh, HOK Jay Enck, Commissioning & Green Building Services

22、Donald Fournier, Building Research Council Ellen Franconi, IPMVP and AEC Mark Frankel, New Buildings Institute Jonathan Heller, Ecotope Inc. Tia Heneghan, Sebesta Blomberg Rusty Hodapp, DFW, Energy & T ransportation Management John Hogan, Seattle Department of Planning & Development Bion Howard, Bui

23、lding Environmental Science Bob Maddox, Sterling Planet Cheryl Massie, Flack + Kurtz Brenda Morawa, BVM Engineering, Inc. Erik Ring, LPA, Inc. Mick Schwedler, T rane Gord Shymko, IPMVP and G.F . Shymko & Associates Greg Thomas, Performance Systems Michael Zimmer, Thompson Hine LLPLEED for Homes Refe

24、rence Guide v Materials & Resources TAG Nadav Malin (Chair), BuildingGreen, Inc. Mark Webster (Vice-Chair), Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Paul Bertram, NAIMA Chris Dixon, NBBF Ann Edminster, Design AVEnues Lee Gros, independent consultant Nancy Malone, Siegel & Strain Architects Dana Papke, California Ai

25、r Resources Board Kirsten Ritchie, Gensler Wayne T rusty, Athena Institute Denise Van Valkenburg, Steelcase Gabe Wing, Herman Miller, Inc. Indoor Environmental Quality TAG Bob Thompson (Chair), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Indoor Environments Management Branch Steve Taylor (Vice-Chair), Tay

26、lor Engineering Nancy Clanton, Clanton and Associates Alexis Kurtz, Ove Arup & Partners George Loisos, Loisos+ Ubelohde Prasad Vaidya, The Weidt Group Daniel Bruck, BRC Acoustics & Tech. David Lubman, David Lubman & Associates Charles Salter, Salter Associates Jude Anders, Johnson Controls, Inc. (re

27、tired) Brian Cloward, Mithun Architects+Designers+Planners Larry Dykhuis, Herman Miller, Inc. Francis (Bud) Offerman, Indoor Environmental Engineering Christopher Schaffner, The Green Engineer Dennis Stanke, T rane Company LEED for Homes Technical Advisory Sub-Committees Location & Linkages, Sustain

28、able Sites, and Water Efficiency TASC Dave Sheridan (Chair), AquaCura Gina Baker, Burt Hill Architects Paul Bassett, Hydrologix Solutions Jim Crocker, Wiannore REALTORS Anthony Floyd, City of Scottsdale Ron Hand, E/FECT Sustainable Design Solutions Randy Hansell, Earth Advantage Jennifer Henry, U.S.

29、 Green Building Council Donn Mann, Rain Bird Corp. Carlos Michelon, MWD of Southern California Dave Modi, American Standard Michael Pawlukiewicz, Urban Land Institute Laura Watchman, Defenders of WildlifeU.S. Green Building Council vi Energy & Atmosphere TASC David Meisegeier (Chair), ICF Internatio

30、nal Greg Thomas, Performance Systems Development Joy Altwies, University of Wisconsin Dan Dempsey, Carrier Eric Martin, Florida Solar Energy Center Mark Newey, Center for Ecological Technology Dave Roberts, Architectural Energy Corp. Bill Semple, Canada Mortgage & Housing Corp. Rob Vieira, Florida S

31、olar Energy Center Steven Winter, Steven Winter & Associates Materials & Resources TASC Ann Edminster (Chair), Design Avenues Nadav Malin, BuildingGreen Steve Brauneis, Rocky Mountain Institute Mack Caldwell, Ideal Homes Nancy Malone, Siegel & Strain Architects Kathleen OBrien, OBrien & Company Davi

32、d Ware, Owens Corning Peter Yost, BuildingGreen Indoor Environmental Quality TASC Eric Werling (Chair), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Indoor Environment Division Brian Cloward, Mithun Don Fugler, Canada Mortgage & Housing Corp. Don Stevens, Stevens & Associates Dan Wildenhaus, Atmosphere Ell

33、en Tohn, ERT Associates Richard Faesy, Vermont Energy Investment Corp. Paul Raymer, Heyoka Solutions Terry Brennan, Camroden Associates Victoria Schomer, Interior Concerns Sam Rashkin, U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyLEED for Homes Reference Guide vii Preface ix How to Use This Guide x Introduct

34、ion 1 I. Why Green Homes? 1 II. LEED Green Building Rating Systems 1 III. LEED for Homes Overview and Process 2 IV. Supporting Verification Materials 8 V. Home Size Adjustment 8 Project Profiles Morrisania Homes, Bronx, New York 13 Pleasant Hill Home, Freeport, Maine 18 Carsten Crossings, Oakgrove M

35、odel, Rocklin, California 23Innovation in Design Process 29 ID 1: Integrated Project Planning 31 ID 2: Durability Management Process 39 ID 3: Innovation or Regional Design 47 Location & Linkages 51 LL 1: LEED for Neighborhood Development 53 LL 2: Site Selection 57 LL 3: Preferred Locations 61 LL 4:

36、Infrastructure 67 LL 5: Community Resources / Transit 71 LL 6: Access to Open Space 77 Sustainable Sites 81 SS 1: Site Stewardship 83 SS 2: Landscaping 91 SS 3: Local Heat Island Effects 113 SS 4: Surface Water Management 117 SS 5: Nontoxic Pest Control 127 SS 6: Compact Development 131 Table of Con

37、tentsU.S. Green Building Council viii Water Efficiency 135 WE 1: Water Reuse 137 WE 2: Irrigation System 147 WE 3: Indoor Water Use 161 Energy & Atmosphere 167 EA 1: Optimize Energy Performance 171 EA 2: Insulation 185 EA 3: Air Infiltration 187 EA 4: Windows 191 EA 5: Heating and Cooling Distributi

38、on System 197 EA 6: Space Heating and Cooling Equipment 203 EA 7: Water Heating 209 EA 8: Lighting 217 EA 9: Appliances 221 EA 10: Renewable Energy 225 EA 11: Residential Refrigerant Management 231 Materials & Resources 237 MR 1: Material-Efficient Framing 239 MR 2: Environmentally Preferable Produc

39、ts 251 MR 3: Waste Management 265 Indoor Environmental Quality 273 EQ 1: EPA Indoor airPLUS 277 EQ 2: Combustion Venting 281 EQ 3: Moisture Control 289 EQ 4: Outdoor Air Ventilation 295 EQ 5: Local Exhaust 305 EQ 6: Distribution of Space Heating and Cooling 311 EQ 7: Air Filtering 317 EQ 8: Contamin

40、ant Control 321 EQ 9: Radon Protection 327 EQ 10: Garage Pollutant Protection 331 Awareness & Education 335 AE 1: Education of the Homeowner or Tenant 337 AE 2: Education of Building Manager 341 Glossary 345LEED for Homes Reference Guide ix Preface The built environment has a profound impact on our

41、natural environment, economy, health, and productivity. Breakthroughs in building science, technology, and operations are now available to designers, builders, operators, and owners who want to build green and maximize both economic and environmental performance. The U.S. Green Building Council (USG

42、BC) is coordinating a national consensus effort to provide the industry with the tools necessary to design, build, and operate buildings that deliver high performance inside and out. Council members work together to de- velop design and construction practices, guidelines, operating practices and gui

43、delines, policy positions, and educational tools that support sustainable design and building practices. Members also forge strategic alliances with industry and research organizations, federal government agencies, and state and local governments to transform the built environment. As the leading or

44、ganization that represents the entire building industry on environmental building matters, USGBCs unique perspective and leadership en- able our members to effect change in the way buildings are designed, built, operated and maintained. The LEED Green Building Rating System is the nationally accepte

45、d benchmark for the design, construction, and operation of high-performance green buildings. LEED gives building owners and operators the tools they need to have an immediate and measurable impact on their buildings performance. LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizin

46、g performance in sustainable site development, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection, and indoor environmental quality and it rewards innovation in building design. USGBC Membership The Councils greatest strength is the diversity of its membership. USGBC is a balanced, consensus nonp

47、rofit organization representing the entire building industry, comprising more than 14,000 companies and organizations. Since its inception in 1993, USGBC has played a vital role in providing a leadership forum and a unique, integrating force for the building industry. USGBC programs are distinguishe

48、d by several features: Committee-basedThe heart of this effective coalition is the committee structure, in which volunteer members design strategies that are implemented by staff and expert consultants. USGBC committees provide a forum for members to resolve differences, build al- liances, and forge

49、 cooperative solutions for influencing change in all sectors of the building industry. Member-drivenMembership is open and balanced and provides a comprehensive platform for car- rying out important programs and activities. USGBC targets the issues identified by its members as the highest priority. In annual reviews of achievements, USGBC sets policy, revises strategies, and devises work plans based on members needs. Consensus-focusedUSGBC members work together to promote green buildings and, in doing so, help foster greater economic vitality and environmental health at lower