IEEE 12207-2008 en Systems and software engineeringSoftware life cycle processes (IEEE Computer Society)《系统和软件工程 软件寿命周期过程》.pdf

1、 Reference numberISO/IEC 12207:2008(E)IEEEStd 12207-2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC12207IEEEStd 12207-2008Second edition2008-02-01Systems and software engineering Software life cycle processes Ingnierie des systmes et du logiciel Processus du cycle de vie du logiciel ISO/IEC 12207:2008(E) IEEE St

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5、below. ISO Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved IEEE 2008 All rights reserved iISO/IEC 12207:2008(E) IEEE Std 12207-2008 (Revision of IEEE/EIA 12207.0-1996) Systems and software enginee

6、ring Software life cycle processes Sponsor Software provide a common terminology between the revision of ISO/IEC 15288 and ISO/IEC 12207; where applicable, provide common process names and process structure between the revision of the ISO/IEC 15288 and this International Standard; enable the user co

7、mmunity to evolve towards fully harmonized standards and to provide a stable standard, while maximizing backward compatibility; and leverage ten years of experience with the development and use of ISO/IEC 12207 and ISO/IEC 15288. A subsequent revision is intended to achieve a fully harmonized view o

8、f the system and software life cycle processes. Identified areas to address in the future include: common process purposes and outcomes, architecture of the standards, level of prescription of activities and tasks, life cycle treatments, treatment of products and services, common verification and va

9、lidation concepts, common configuration management concepts, deferred recommendations and alignment with other applicable standards. The IEEE Computer Society collaborated with ISO/IEC JTC 1 in the development of this International Standard. IEEE/EIA 12207.0-1996, Industry Implementation of Internat

10、ional Standard ISO/IEC 12207:1995 Standard for Information Technology Software Life Cycle Processes, was one of the base documents used in the development of this International Standard. ISO/IEC 12207:2008(E) IEEE Std 12207-2008 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved IEEE 2008 All rights reserved vIEEE St

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26、+1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. ISO/IEC 12207:2008(E) IEEE Std 12207-2008 vi ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved IEEE 2008 All rights reservedIntroduction ISO/IEC 1220

27、7 was published on 1 August 1995 and was the first International Standard to provide a comprehensive set of life cycle processes, activities and tasks for software that is part of a larger system, and for stand alone software products and services. That International Standard was followed in Novembe

28、r 2002 by ISO/IEC 15288 which addressed system life cycle processes. The ubiquity of the software meant that the software and its design processes should not be considered separately from those systems, but be considered as an integral part of the system and system design processes. The ISO/IEC 1220

29、7 Amendments in 2002 and 2004 added process purpose and outcomes to the International Standard and established a Process Reference Model in accordance with the requirements of ISO/IEC 15504-2. This International Standard, a revision of the amended ISO/IEC 12207, is an initial step in the SC7 harmoni

30、zation strategy to achieve a fully integrated suite of system and software life cycle processes and guidance for their application. This revision integrates ISO/IEC 12207:1995 with its two Amendments and applies SC7 guidelines for process definition to support consistency and improved usability. Pro

31、ject execution was carefully coordinated with the parallel revision of ISO/IEC 15288:2002 to align structure, terms, and corresponding organizational and project processes. This International Standard can be used in one or more of the following modes: By an organization to help establish an environm

32、ent of desired processes. These processes can be supported by an infrastructure of methods, procedures, techniques, tools and trained personnel. The organization may then employ this environment to perform and manage its projects and progress systems through their life cycle stages. In this mode thi

33、s International Standard is used to assess conformance of a declared, established set of life cycle processes to its provisions. By a project to help select, structure and employ the elements of an established set of life cycle processes to provide products and services. In this mode this Internatio

34、nal Standard is used in the assessment of conformance of the project to the declared and established environment. By an acquirer and a supplier to help develop an agreement concerning processes and activities. Via the agreement, the processes and activities in this International Standard are selecte

35、d, negotiated, agreed to and performed. In this mode this International Standard is used for guidance in developing the agreement. By organizations and assessors to perform assessments that may be used to support organizational process improvement. This International Standard contains requirements i

36、n four Clauses: Clause 6, which defines the requirements for the system life cycle processes, Clause 7, which defines the requirements for specific software life cycle processes, clauses of Annex A, which provides requirements for tailoring of this International Standard and clauses of Annex B, whic

37、h provides a Process Reference Model (PRM) which may be used for assessment purposes. Five informative annexes support the harmonization strategy initiated by this revision. Annex C expands on history and rationale for the changes, and provides high-level traceability among the International Standar

38、ds which were used as the inputs to this revision. Annex D describes the alignment of the processes of ISO/IEC 15288 and ISO/IEC 12207 a key focus of this revision. Annex E provides an example of a process view for Usability, intended to illustrate how a project might assemble processes, activities

39、and tasks of ISO/IEC 12207 to provide focused attention to the achievement of product characteristics that have been selected as being of special interest. ISO/IEC 12207:2008(E) IEEE Std 12207-2008 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved IEEE 2008 All rights reserved vii Annex F contains some example proce

40、ss descriptions that are considered useful to some readers of this International Standard. Annex G provides support for IEEE users and describes relationships of this International Standard to IEEE standards. Readers of this International Standard are advised to consult Clause 5 to gain understandin

41、g of the key concepts used. NOTE A future Technical Report (ISO/IEC TR 24748) will describe the relations between this International Standard and ISO/IEC 15288:2008. ISO/IEC 12207:2008(E) IEEE Std 12207-2008 viii ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved IEEE 2008 All rights reservedIEEE Introduction This in

42、troduction is not part of IEEE Std 12207-2008, Systems and Software EngineeringSoftware Life Cycle Processes. IEEE Std 12207-2008 and IEEE Std 15288-2008 are identical to ISO/IEC 12207:2008 and ISO/IEC 15288:2008. Therefore, all references to ISO/IEC 12207 or ISO/IEC 15288 apply equally well to thei

43、r IEEE counterparts. Further details regarding relationships to IEEE standards can be found in Annex G. This standard replaces IEEE/EIA 12207.0-1996, Industry Implementation of International Standard ISO/IEC 12207: 1995 Standard for Information Technology Software Life Cycle Processes, which was an

44、adoption with changes of ISO/IEC 12207:1995. Users of the earlier standard may be interested to know what will happen to its companions, IEEE/EIA 12207.1-1996 and IEEE/EIA 12207.2-1997. There is currently a project underway to replace IEEE/EIA 12207.1 with an adoption of ISO/IEC 15289. Completion of

45、 the current project will render IEEE/EIA 12207.2 obsolete; it will probably be withdrawn unless there is a demonstration of interest to revise it. The original ISO/IEC 12207 was published on 1 August 1995 and was the first international standard to provide a comprehensive set of life cycle processe

46、s, activities and tasks for software that is part of a larger system, and for stand alone software products and services. That international standard was followed in November 2002 by ISO/IEC 15288 which addressed system life cycle processes. IEEE cooperated with the Electronic Industries Alliance (E

47、IA) in adopting ISO/IEC with changes to become IEEE/EIA 12207-1996. In 2004, IEEE performed an identical adoption of ISO/IEC 15288:2002. The ISO/IEC 12207 amendments in 2002 and 2004 added process purpose and outcomes to the International Standard and established a Process Reference Model in accorda

48、nce with the requirements of ISO/IEC 15504-2. IEEE did not pick up these amendments, preferring a stable base for the users of its standard. This new revision of ISO/IEC 12207 is the product of a coordinated effort by IEEE and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7. The base documents for the revision included the ISO/

49、IEC standard and its amendments, and the IEEE/EIA standard and its unique material. This revision integrates ISO/IEC 12207:1995 with its two Amendments and applies SC7 guidelines for process definition to support consistency and improved usability. Project execution was carefully coordinated with the parallel revision of ISO/IEC 15288:2002 to align structure, terms, and corresponding organizational and project processes. This revised standard is a step in the SC7 harmonization strategy to achieve a