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IEEE 1490-2011 en Guide Adoption of the Project Management Institute (PMI) Standard A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) Fourth Edi.pdf

1、IEEE Guide Adoption of the Project Management Institute (PMI) Standard A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) Fourth Edition Sponsored by the Software +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obt

2、ained through the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1490-2011, IEEE GuideAdoption of the Project Management Institute (PMI) StandardA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)Fourth Ed

3、ition. Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or

4、referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made availab

5、le for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorit

6、ies and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of a

7、mendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended t

8、hrough the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development pr

9、ocess, visit the IEEE-SA web site at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. v Copyright 2011 IEEE. All

10、 rights reserved. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/interps/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this guide may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publi

11、cation of this guide, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Pat

12、ents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any paten

13、t rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. vi Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Participants At the time this guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for appr

14、oval, the P1490 Working Group had the following membership: Paul Diamond, Chair The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William J. Ackerman Ed Addario Wole Akpose T. Scott Ankrum Angela Anusze

15、wski Ali Al Awazi Bakul Banerjee Charles Barest Robert Beresh H. Stephen Berger Wallace Binder Martin J. Bishop Juris Borzovs Pieter Botman Ted Burse Mark Bushnell William Byrd Juan Carreon Lawrence Catchpole Suresh Channarasappa William Chisholm Keith Chow John Cole Stephen Conrad Paul Croll Alirez

16、a Daneshpooy Geoffrey Darnton Joseph Decuir Ryan Dellolio Thomas Dineen Gary Donner Sourav Dutta Timothy Ehrler Gary Engmann Andrew Fieldsend Keith Flowers Andre Fournier Eva Freund Fredric Friend David Friscia David Fuschi George Gianacakes Randall Groves John Harauz Mark Henley Lee Herron Rutger A

17、. Heunks Werner Hoelzl Peter Hung Atsushi Ito Mark Jaeger Cheryl Jones Piotr Karocki Stuart J Kerry Yuri Khersonsky Ronald Kohl Jim Kulchisky Thomas Kurihara Paul Lambert Susan Land J. Dennis Lawrence David Leciston William Lumpkins Greg Luri Arthur Marris Edward Mccall James Mccall Kathryn Moland W

18、illiam Moncrief James Moore Arthur Neubauer Michael S. Newman Joe Nims Mark Paulk William Petit Peter Petrov Iulian Profir Annette Reilly Michael Roberts Robert Robinson Fernando Lucas Rodriguez Terence Rout Randall Safier Bartien Sayogo Robert Schaaf Maud Schlich Terry Schmidt Carl Singer James Siv

19、ak James Smith Jerry Smith Michael Smith Steven Smith Brian Smithson Aaron Snyder Kapil Sood Luca Spotorno Friedrich Stallinger Thomas Starai Walter Struppler Gerald Stueve Marcy Stutzman Thomas Tullia Vincent Tume John Vergis Jane Verner David Walden Charlene Walrad Kenneth White Mark Wilbur M. Kar

20、en Woolf John Yale Jian Yu Oren Yuen Janusz Zalewski vii Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide on 31 October 2011, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett, Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert M. Grow, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secr

21、etary Masayuki Ariyoshi William Bartley Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Wael Diab Jean-Philippe Faure Alex Gelman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Joseph L. Koepfinger* David Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Gary Robinson Jon Rosdahl Sam Sciacca Mike Seavey Curtis Siller Phil Winston Howard Wolfman Don

22、Wright *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Catherine Berger IEEE Standards Editor Malia Zaman IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technic

23、al Program Development viii Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents to IEEE Std 1490-2011 A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition. 1 1 Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Guide Adoption of the Project Management Institute (PMI) Standard A

24、 Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) Fourth Edition IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, a

25、nd health practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notic

26、es and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. An American National StandardANSI/PMI 99-001-2008Project Management InstituteA GUIDE TO THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT BODY OF KNOWLEDGE(PMBOKGuide)Fourth

27、 EditionISBN: 978-1-933890-51-7Published by: Project Management Institute, Inc.14 Campus BoulevardNewtown Square, Pennsylvania 19073-3299 USA.Phone: +1-610-356-4600Fax: +1-610-356-4647E-mail: customercarepmi.orgInternet: www.PMI.org2008 Project Management Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.“PMI”, t

28、he PMI logo, “PMP”, the PMP logo, “PMBOK”, “PgMP”, “Project Management Journal”, “PM Network”, and the PMI Today logo are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc. The Quarter Globe Design is a trademark of the Project Management Institute, Inc. For a comprehensive list of PMI marks, co

29、ntact the PMI Legal Department. PMI Publications welcomes corrections and comments on its books. Please feel free to send comments on typographical, formatting, or other errors. Simply make a copy of the relevant page of the book, mark the error, and send it to: Book Editor, PMI Publications, 14 Cam

30、pus Boulevard, Newtown Square, PA 19073-3299 USA.To inquire about discounts for resale or educational purposes, please contact the PMI Book Service Center.PMI Book Service CenterP.O. Box 932683, Atlanta, GA 31193-2683 USAPhone: 1-866-276-4764 (within the U.S. or Canada) or +1-770-280-4129 (globally)

31、Fax: +1-770-280-4113 E-mail: book.orderspmi.orgPrinted in the United States of America. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, manual, photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission

32、 of the publisher.The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.481984).10 9 8 7 6 5 Cert no. SW-COC-00153020434_00a-d-R4.indd 2 11/13/09 12:46:17 PMNOTICEThe Project Management Institute, Inc. (PMI) standards an

33、d guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While PMI a

34、dministers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and gu

35、ideline publications.PMI disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of application, or reliance on this document. PMI disclaims a

36、nd makes no guaranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfi ll any of your particular purposes or needs. PMI does not undertake to guarantee the pe

37、rformance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide.In publishing and making this document available, PMI is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is PMI undertaking to perform a

38、ny duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standar

39、ds on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication.PMI has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. PMI does

40、 not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certifi cation or other statement of compliance with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to PMI and is solely the responsibility of the certifi er or

41、maker of the statement.I2008 Project Management Institute. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOKGuide) Fourth EditionTABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION . XXIISECTION I - THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK 1CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION .31.1 Purpose of the PMBOKGuide . 41.2

42、 What is a Project? 51.3 What is Project Management? 61.4 Relationships Among Project Management, Program Management, and Portfolio Management . 71.4.1 Portfolio Management . 81.4.2 Program Management . 91.4.3 Projects and Strategic Planning 101.4.4 Project Management Offi ce . 111.5 Project Managem

43、ent and Operations Management . 121.6 Role of a Project Manager . 131.7 Project Management Body of Knowledge. 131.8 Enterprise Environmental Factors . 14CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT LIFE CYCLE AND ORGANIZATION .152.1 The Project Life CycleOverview 152.1.1 Characteristics of the Project Life Cycle. 162.1.2 Pr

44、oduct vs. Project Life Cycle Relationships 182.1.3 Project Phases . 182.2 Projects vs. Operational Work . 222.3 Stakeholders 232.4 Organizational Infl uences on Project Management . 272.4.1 Organizational Cultures and Styles . 272.4.2 Organizational Structure 282.4.3 Organizational Process Assets 32

45、II2008 Project Management Institute. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOKGuide) Fourth EditionSECTION II - THE STANDARD FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT OF A PROJECT 35CHAPTER 3 - PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESSES FOR A PROJECT 373.1 Common Project Management Process Interactions . 393.2 Proj

46、ect Management Process Groups 413.3 Initiating Process Group 443.3.1 Develop Project Charter . 453.3.2 Identify Stakeholders 463.4 Planning Process Group 463.4.1 Develop Project Management Plan . 483.4.2 Collect Requirements 493.4.3 Defi ne Scope 493.4.4 Create WBS 493.4.5 Defi ne Activities . 503.4

47、.6 Sequence Activities . 503.4.7 Estimate Activity Resources 503.4.8 Estimate Activity Durations . 513.4.9 Develop Schedule 513.4.10 Estimate Costs . 523.4.11 Determine Budget 523.4.12 Plan Quality 523.4.13 Develop Human Resource Plan . 533.4.14 Plan Communications 533.4.15 Plan Risk Management 533.

48、4.16 Identify Risks . 543.4.17 Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis . 543.4.18 Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis 543.4.19 Plan Risk Responses 553.4.20 Plan Procurements 553.5 Executing Process Group 553.5.1 Direct and Manage Project Execution 573.5.2 Perform Quality Assurance 573.5.3 Acquire Project T

49、eam 57TABLE OF CONTENTSIII2008 Project Management Institute. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOKGuide) Fourth Edition3.5.4 Develop Project Team 583.5.5 Manage Project Team 583.5.6 Distribute Information . 583.5.7 Manage Stakeholder Expectations . 593.5.8 Conduct Procurements 593.6 Monitoring and Controlling Process Group 593.6.1 Monitor and Control Project Work . 613.6.2 Perform Integrated Change Control 613.6.3 Verify Scope . 613.6.4 Control Scope . 623.6.5 Control Schedule 623.6.6 Control Costs 623.6.7

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