1、IEEE Std 1542-2007IEEE Guide for Installation,Maintenance, and Operation ofIrrigation Equipment Located Nearor Under Power LinesIEEE3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA12 February 2008IEEE Power Engineering SocietySponsored by theTransmission and Distribution Committee 1542TMIEEE Std 1542-2007
2、 IEEE Guide for Installation, Maintenance, and Operation of Irrigation Equipment Located Near or Under Power Lines Sponsor Transmission and Distribution Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved 27 September 2007 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: The guide is based on industry practic
3、es, and guidelines for installation, maintenance and operation of irrigation equipment near or under power lines as they pertain to minimum distance to energized conductors and proper grounding to minimize nuisance shocks are presented. A variety of conditions in general terms is covered in this gui
4、de. Specific recommendations are made for the type of irrigation systems and power line parameters most commonly found. Keywords: farm irrigation systems, irrigation, irrigation systems, sprinklers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, US
5、A Copyright 2008 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 12 February 2008. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for
6、 educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1542-2007, IEEE Guide for Installation, Maintenance, and Operation of Irrigation Equipment Located Near or Under
7、 Power Lines. The guide is intended for designers, installers, and operators of the irrigation equipment, as well as electric power utilities whose lines are located near or above the irrigation systems. General information is provided on installation, maintenance, and operation of irrigation equipm
8、ent as it relates to safety due to the presence of electric power lines. The following parameters are considered: a) Distance to energized conductors during installation b) Proper grounding to minimize nuisance shocks c) Distance between irrigation nozzle and power line conductors during operation o
9、f the irrigation system The recommended minimum conductor-to-nozzle distance is based on the maximum allowable body leakage current of 5 mA rms and field tests conducted by the Nebraska Public Power District and the USDA Agricultural Research Service, University of Nebraska. Because of the great var
10、iety of conditions, practices, electrical system designs, types of irrigation systems, water conductivity, and ground resistance values, this guide covers these variables only in general terms. However, specific recommendations are made for the type of irrigation system and power line parameters tha
11、t are most representative in the industry. The IEEE makes no representation or warranty as to the adequacy or accuracy of the information in this guide or as to economy, or safety issues associated with the use of this guide. When determining whether or not, and/or how, to use the information in thi
12、s guide, all factors shall be considered with regard to the specific situation(s). This material is intended to provide a helpful reference for those seeking information on common industry practices so they may consider the experience of others in developing or modifying their own practices. Notice
13、to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to t
14、he applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide
15、variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and privat
16、e users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. v Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to
17、time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and
18、 whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association website at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the
19、IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA website at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata
20、periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this guide may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By public
21、ation of this guide, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Pate
22、nts Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent
23、 rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time this guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Corona and Field Effects Working Gro
24、up had the following membership: David Phillips, Chair George Gela Don Gilles Gary Johnson Nestor Kolcio Ted Loudou Robert Rusch D. L. Schroeder LaVerne Stetson Jim Stewart The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for approval, disappr
25、oval, or abstention. Steven C. Alexanderson Ali Al Awazi Harvey L. Bowles Chris Brooks Thomas J. Buonincontri Keith Chow Robert A. Christman Patrick I. Clark Michael D. Clodfelder Tommy P. Cooper Russ C. Dantzler Matthew T. Davis F. A. Denbrock J. F. Doering Paul R. Drum Gary Engmann C. C. Erven Dan
26、 Evans George Gela Randall C. Groves Richard W. Hensel David A. Horvath Dennis Horwitz Gael Kennedy Robert O. Kluge J. L. Koepfinger Jim Kulchisky Scott R. Lacy Chung-Yiu Lam Lawrence D. Long G. Luri Keith N. Malmedal Francisco J. Melendez Gary L. Michel Abdul M. Mousa Michael S. Newman Carl I. Orde
27、 Lorraine K. Padden Neal K. Parker David Phillips Percy E. Pool Charles W. Rogers Bartien Sayogo A. John Vandermaar Daniel J. Ward James W. Wilson Luis E. Zambrano James A. Ziebarth Ahmed F. Zobaa When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide 27 September 2007, it had the following membership
28、: Steve M. Mills, Chair Robert M. Grow, Vice Chair Don Wright, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary Richard DeBlasio Alex Gelman William R. Goldbach Arnold M. Greenspan Joanna N. Guenin Kenneth S. Hanus William B. Hopf Richard H. Hulett Hermann Koch Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David J. Law Glen
29、n Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Tom A. Prevost Narayanan Ramachandran Greg Ratta Robby Robson Anne-Marie Sahazizian Virginia C. Sulzberger Malcolm V. Thaden Richard L. Townsend Howard L. Wolfman *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggar
30、wal, NRC Representative Michael H. Kelley, NIST Representative Lorraine Patsco IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Matthew J. Ceglia IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development vi Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Pu
31、rpose 1 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 2 4. Application . 2 5. Types of irrigation systems. 2 5.1 General 2 5.2 Side roll . 3 5.3 Boom . 3 5.4 Traveler 3 5.5 Center pivot . 3 5.6 Corner pivot. 3 5.7 Lateral move 3 6. Installation and maintenance 3 6.1 Distance to energized conductors 3 6.2
32、 Protection from nuisance shocks . 4 7. Operation of irrigation equipment 4 7.1 General 4 7.2 General operating guidelines . 5 7.3 Calculating conductor-to-nozzle distances 5 8. Significance of parameters . 7 8.1 Water pressure . 7 8.2 Water conductivity 7 8.3 Water stream 7 8.4 Ground resistance an
33、d body resistance 8 9. Background material 9 10. Example of conductor-to-nozzle distance calculation 9 Annex A (informative) Historical material BPA and Nebraska results 13 Annex B (informative) Bibliography 15 vii Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Guide for Installation, Maintenance, a
34、nd Operation of Irrigation Equipment Located Near or Under Power Lines 1. 1.11.2a) b) c) Overview Scope The guide is based on industry practices and presents guidelines for installation, maintenance, and operation of irrigation equipment near or under power lines as they pertain to minimum distance
35、to energized conductors and proper grounding to minimize nuisance shocks. The guide covers a variety of conditions in general terms. Specific recommendations are made for the type of irrigation systems and power line parameters most commonly found. Purpose The guide is intended for designers, instal
36、lers, and operators of the irrigation equipment, as well as electric power utilities whose lines are located near or above the irrigation systems. General information is provided on installation, maintenance, and operation of irrigation equipment as it relates to safety due to the presence of electr
37、ic power lines. The following parameters are considered: Distance to energized conductors during installation Proper grounding to minimize nuisance shocks Distance between irrigation nozzle and power line conductors during operation of the irrigation system The recommended minimum conductor-to-nozzl
38、e distance is based on the maximum allowable body leakage current of 5 mA rms and field tests conducted by the Nebraska Public Power District and the USDA Agricultural Research Service, University of Nebraska. Because of the great variety of conditions, practices, electrical system designs, types of
39、 irrigation systems, water conductivity, and ground resistance values, this guide covers these variables only in general terms. However, specific recommendations are made for the type of irrigation system and power line parameters that are most representative in the industry. The IEEE makes no repre
40、sentation or warranty as to the adequacy or accuracy of the information in this guide or as to economy, or safety issues associated with the 1 Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Std 1542-2007 IEEE Guide for Installation, Maintenance, and Operation of Irrigation Equipment Located Near or
41、Under Power Lines 2 Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. use of this guide. When determining whether or not, and/or how, to use the information in this guide, all factors shall be considered with regard to the specific situation(s). This material is intended to provide a helpful reference for t
42、hose seeking information on common industry practices so they may consider the experience of others in developing or modifying their own practices. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be understood and use
43、d, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. Accredited Standards Comm
44、ittee C2-2002, National Electrical Safety Code(NESC)Part 4: Rules for the Operation of Electric Supply and Communications Lines and Equipment.1 3. Definitions For the purposes of this guide, the following terms and definitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms B42should be
45、referenced for terms not defined in this clause. 3.1 ground resistance: The resistance of the irrigation system to earth, determined by a grounding electrode or by the contact of the irrigation equipment with the earth, or both. 3.2 irrigation equipment: Structures, pipes, nozzles, valves, etc., tha
46、t support, convey, direct, or control water or other equipment in an irrigation system. 3.3 irrigation system: An arrangement of equipment including a water supply that is assembled to systematically apply irrigation to an area. 3.4 leakage current: A component of the power line current that flows t
47、o earth via a water stream or spray that is contacting the power line. 4. Application This guide presents a reference source for the operation of irrigation systems located near or under electric power lines with minimal safety risks. The distances between the power line conductors and water spray n
48、ozzles that are given in this guide are based on commonly used body resistance values and other parameters that are representative of existing conditions and methods. For conditions where the values of parameters such as water resistivity, system ground resistance, and/or body resistance differ from
49、 those used here, the value of the power-line-conductor-to-nozzle distance can be determined using the equations and plots provided in this guide. 5. Types of irrigation systems 5.1 General From the many types of sprinkler irrigation systems, the ones of concern for this guide are those that travel or can be transported under power lines. Those systems include side roll, boom, traveler, center pivot, corner pivot, and lateral move (see 5.2 through 5.7). 1The NESC is available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 088
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