1、IEEE Std 1631-2008IEEE Recommended Practice for Measurement of 8-VSB Digital Television Transmission Mask Compliance for the USA IEEE3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA9 August 2008RF Standards Committee G-2.2Sponsored by theIEEE Broadcast Technology Society 1631 TMIEEE Std 1631TM-2008 IEEE R
2、ecommended Practice for Measurement of 8-VSB Digital Television Transmission Mask Compliance for the USA Sponsor RF Standards Committee G-2.2 of the IEEE Broadcast Technology Society Approved 27 March 2008 IEEE-SA Standards Board All figures except Figure 2, Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, and Figur
3、e 21 are copyrighted by Linley Gumm, who hereby freely grants permissions for their reuse, asking only that their source be acknowledged. Abstract: This recommended practice provides a standardized body of theory, techniques, and procedures for measuring the spectral characteristics of 8-VSB transmi
4、tters used for terrestrial transmission of digital television (DTV) in the frequency range near their assigned channels. Essential characteristics are specified and measurement procedures are given that ensure that all parties will obtain comparable results. Keywords: 8-VSB, 8-VSB emissions, 500 kHz
5、 sub-band, adjacent channel, ATSC digital TV standard, average filter attenuation modeling, band-stop filter, DTV, DTV emissions, FCC emissions compliance, DTV emissions measurement procedure, DTV emissions measurement theory, digital signal intermodulation, emission mask, LPTV DTV transmitter, nois
6、e-floor correction, noise bandwidth, pilot frequency offset, simple emission mask, spectrum analyzer, stringent emission mask The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2008 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer
7、s, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 9 August 2008. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clear
8、ance Center. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1631-2008, IEEE Recommended Practice for Measurement of 8-VSB Digital Transmission Mask Compliance for the USA. Overview This recommended practice presents the theory, requirements, and techniques required to obtain accurate and con
9、sistent measurements of 8-VSB DTV emissions in the transmitters adjacent channels. It is intended to provide manufacturers, installers, TV station personnel and other concerned parties with a standardized body of information for the purpose of determining whether DTV transmission systems are in comp
10、liance with the specifications prescribed in the FCC rules. Although the practices within this document apply specifically to the FCCs rules in the United States, the background theory and the measurement techniques apply to 8-VSB DTV emissions worldwide. History A digital television (DTV) standard
11、was developed for the United States by the Advanced Television Standards Committee (ATSC). In the late 1990s, the FCC adopted the ATSCs transmission standards by incorporation (i.e., the ATSCs standards are referred to in the FCCs rules) but adopted its own regulations for DTV transmitter out-of-cha
12、nnel emissions performance. Subsequently, in 2002, discussions between the IEEE Broadcast Technology Society (BTS) and the ATSC resulted in the BTS agreeing to provide assistance to develop the methodology required to measure DTV signals. A major driver of the BTSs participation was instances where
13、significantly different results were obtained when measuring the same transmitter. At that time, it was unclear whether the primary problem was variations in the measurement techniques or in the test equipment. The impact was that there was little certainty whether a given transmitter was in complet
14、e compliance with the FCCs rules. Thus, it was important for the BTS to define instrument performance and to codify measurement protocols so that comparable results could be obtained by all parties. A Project Authorization Request (PAR) was sponsored by the IEEE BTS to start the project, and the RF
15、Standards Committee G-2.2 was identified as the working group to investigate and develop the necessary information. The in-channel spectrum of the 8-VSB DTV signal is similar to other digitally modulated radio-frequency (RF) signals. However, the FCCs out-of-channel emission requirements are very se
16、vere and are couched in language specific to DTV. This, coupled with the fact that the techniques required to measure the spectrum of a digitally modulated transmitter are unfamiliar to the broadcast industry, caused significant variations in the results obtained by various observers. Therefore, it
17、was determined by the BTS RF Standards Committee that its initial project would be to develop an 8-VSB emissions measurement recommended practice. The project turned out to be much more difficult than originally thought, and it has evolved over the past 5 years with significant effort by a dedicated
18、 a group of individuals. Two factors made developing the document difficult. The first is that FCCs requirements are very rigorous, pushing the performance of available test equipment to its limits. The second, to obtain that performance, required that the test equipment be carefully configured so t
19、he document had to provide sufficient, suitably worded instruction for those unfamiliar with the equipments operation. The committee collected the necessary background theory and then evaluated the methods and the suitability of the test equipment available for making the measurements. After several
20、 field trials and an informal poll of industry members concerning the acceptability of various techniques, a direct measurement technique requiring the use of a band stop filter in the RF sample path was selected as the primary method. iv Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Field tests of the
21、consistency of measurements made by different models of test equipment as well as of the clarity and understandability of the documents language were made. A verification report was created that documents the measurements made at two transmitters with multiple instruments. This report documents that
22、 the goals outlined by this recommended practice were essentially achieved. This report is available from the BTS G-2.2 RF Standards Committee. The measurement of harmonic emissions was initially included in this document. However, significant obstacles prevented reaching closure on an acceptable an
23、d practical means of measuring the harmonics of both existing and future transmitters. These obstacles included issues caused by moding of harmonic energy in the transmission line (or wave guide) and associated RF directional coupler characteristics. It was, therefore, decided to proceed with the ad
24、jacent channel portion of the emissions document for the industrys use, whereas the harmonic problem is further considered. It is hoped that as the harmonic emissions measurement problem is resolved, a future amendment can be incorporated into this document. Notice to users Laws and regulations User
25、s of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requireme
26、nts. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and private
27、 uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the IEEE does not waive a
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30、r errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association Web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA Web site at http:/stand
31、ards.ieee.org. v Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this U
32、RL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent
33、rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal valid
34、ity or scope of Patents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the
35、 validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time this standard was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the DTV Transm
36、ission Working Group had the following membership: Gregory Best, Chair Gary Sgrignoli, Vice Chair Linley Gumm, Technical Editor Daniel G. Baker John Freberg Robert Symons Dennis A. Vigil In addition to the people listed above, the following individuals made significant contributions to the document
37、during its development: Ron Chase Henry Downs Dan Fallon William Hayes Brett Jenkins H. Douglas Lung Steve Martin Lanny Nass Robert Plonka Joe Seccia Derek Small Paul Smith The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disa
38、pproval, or abstention. Art Allison Daniel G. Baker Gregory Best Dane Ericksen H. Douglas Lung Edward McCall Michael S. Newman Robert Symons Dennis A. Vigil Dennis W. Wallace S. Merrill Weiss Ronald Zborowski Jim ZookWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 27 March 2008, it had th
39、e following membership:Robert M. Grow, Chair Thomas A. Prevost, Vice Chair Steve M. Mills, Past Chair Judith Gorman, SecretaryVictor Berman Richard DeBlasio Andrew Drozd Mark Epstein Alex Gelman William R. Goldbach Arnold M. Greenspan Kenneth S. Hanus James Hughes Richard H. Hulett Young Kyun Kim Jo
40、seph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David J. Law Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Narayanan Ramachandran Jon Rosdahl Anne-Marie Sahazizian Malcolm V. Thaden Howard L. Wolfman Don Wright*Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Re
41、presentative Michael H. Kelley, NIST Representative Jennie M. Steinhagen IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Michael D. Kipness IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development vii Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Scope 1 2. Normative references 1 3
42、 Definitions 2 4. 8-VSB signal characteristics . 5 4.1 General 5 4.2 Pilot frequency . 5 4.3 Frequency response . 5 4.4 Units for 8-VSB emissions amplitude measurements 7 4.5 Source of signal to be measured 7 4.6 Out-of-channel emissions 8 4.7 Required filtering for some LPTV DTV transmitters and t
43、ranslators 12 5. Measurement procedures 13 5.1 General 13 5.2 General measurement information . 13 5.3 Required equipment . 14 5.4 Setting up the test apparatus 15 5.5 Detailed step-by-step procedure for near-channel emissions . 17 5.6 Example of computations 21 5.7 Summary outline of step-by-step p
44、rocedure 23 6. Essential theory and background required for 8-VSB spectral measurements . 24 6.1 Spectral measurement background and theory 24 6.2 Instrumentation limitation . 27 6.3 Measuring near-channel emissions 37 Annex A (informative) Measurement of spectrum analyzer 8-VSB HSI versus TOI (or I
45、P3) relationship . 55 Annex B (informative) Effects of 8-VSB pilot offsets on ,eeting FCC emissions mask requirements 57 Annex C (informative) Glossary 64 Annex D (informative) Bibliography . 66 viii Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Recommended Practice for Measurement of 8-VSB Digital
46、 Television Transmission Mask Compliance for the USA IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to assure safety, security, health, or environmental protection in all circumstances. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and hea
47、lth practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and
48、 Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Scope This recommended practice provides a standardized body of theory, techniques, and procedures for measuring the spectral characteristics of 8-VS
49、B transmitters used for terrestrial transmission of digital television (DTV) in the frequency range near their assigned channels. Essential characteristics are specified and measurement procedures are given that ensure that all parties will obtain comparable results. The theory and techniques presented are applicable to all 8-VSB transmitters. However, the specification and interpretation of these measurements is primarily focused on DTV transmitters used within the United States of America. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispens
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