1、The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 1999 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 15 September 1999. Printed in the United States of America.Print: ISBN 0-7381-1739-0 SH947
2、53PDF: ISBN 0-7381-1740-4 SS94753No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 259-1999(R2010)(Revision ofIEEE Std 259-1994)IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Evaluation of Syste
3、ms of Insulation for Dry-Type Specialty and General-Purpose TransformersSponsorTransformers Committeeof theIEEE Power Engineering SocietyReaffirmed 25 March 2010Approved 26 June 1999IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: A uniform method by which the thermal endurance of electrical insulation systems ford
4、ry-type specialty and general-purpose transformers can be compared is established. Covered areinsulation systems intended for use in the types of transformers described in NEMA ST 1-1988 andNEMA ST 20-1992.Keywords: aging, evaluation, dry-type, insulation system, thermal, transformersIEEE Standards
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21、those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 259-1999, IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Evaluation of Systems ofInsulation for Dry-Type Specialty and General-Purpose Transformers.)This standard was
22、developed to provide a test procedure for evaluating the thermal endurance of insulationsystems for dry-type specialty and general-purpose transformers covered by NEMA ST 1-1988 and byNEMA ST 20-1992. Generally these dry-type transformers are used with the primary windings connected tosecondary dist
23、ribution circuits of 600 V nominal and below to supply electric power to lighting systems,heating systems, signaling systems, machine tool controls, industrial controls, and other power loads incommercial, institutional, and industrial applications.The IEEE charged its technical committees with the
24、responsibility for developing test procedures for thethermal evaluation and classification of insulation systems used in electrical equipment. These are to be ingeneral accord with IEEE Std 1-1986. The principal objective is to enable the performance of new and oldinsulation systems to be compared d
25、irectly in a practical way and in a reasonable time, and to provide asound basis for introducing new insulation systems into service.Experience has shown that the thermal life characteristics of composite insulation systems cannot be reliablyinferred solely from information concerning component mate
26、rials. To assure satisfactory service life,insulation specifications need to be supported by service experience or life tests. Accelerated life tests arebeing used increasingly to evaluate the many new synthetic insulating materials that are available, thusshortening the period of service experience
27、 required before they can be used with confidence. Tests oncomplete insulation systems, representative of each type of equipment, are necessary to confirm the perfor-mance of materials for their specific functions in the equipment.At the time this standard was completed, the Insulation Requirements
28、for Specialty Transformers WorkingGroup had the following membership:R. W. Simpson Jr.,ChairR. A. BancroftD. A. BarnardE. F. BrushM. A. CambreG. ForrestJ. M. FrankR. GrahamE. W. HutterA. J. JonnattiA. D. KlineT. D. LewisW. E. MorehartD. PatelG. PregentR. L. ProvostW. W. SchwartzivCopyright 1999 IEEE
29、. All rights reserved.The following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard:When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 26 June 1999, it had the followingmembership:Richard J. Holleman,ChairDonald N. Heirman,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso inclu
30、ded is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Robert E. HebnerGreg KohnIEEE Standards Project EditorEdward J. AdolphsonGeorge AllenStephen AntoszJim AntweilerJ. ArteagaRoy A. BancroftRon L. BarkerMike BarnesAllan BartekE. BetancourtWallace B. BinderAlain BollingerJoe V. BonucchiP. W
31、. ClarkeJerry L. CorkranRobert C. DegeneffDieter DohnalJ. C. DuartRichard F. DudleyJohn A. EbertGary R. EngmannP. T. FeghaliJerry M. FrankJames L. GoudieRichard D. GrahamRobert L. GrunertErnst HaniqueN. Wayne HansenR. R. HayesPeter J. HoeflerT. L. HoldwayPhilip J. HopkinsonJohn S. HurstE. W. HutterV
32、irendra JhonsaChuck W. JohnsonAnthony J. JonnattiLawrence A. KirchnerEgon KoenigJ. P. LazarDonald L. LoweWilliam A. MaguireJohn W. MatthewsL. Bruce McClungNigel P. McQuinRoss McTaggartSam MichaelW. E. MorehartDaniel H. MulkeyChuck R. MurrayCarl G. NiemannT. V. OommenGerald A. PaivaDhiru S. PatelPaul
33、ette A. PayneMark D. PerkinsLinden W. PierceRichard ProvostJeewan L. PuriCharles T. RaymondPeter G. RisseR. B. RobertsonArlise L. Robinson Jr.John R. RossettiHazairin SamaulahLeo J. SavioWilliam E. SaxonWes W. ShwartzVic ShenoyMark SiehlingHyeong Jin SimR. William Simpson Jr.Tarkeshwar SinghKen Skin
34、gerJames E. SmithJ. Ed SmithLeonard R. SmithRonald J. StaharaL. R. StenslandRon W. StonerJohn C. SullivanRay C. ThomasJames A. ThompsonThomas P. TraubSubhash C. TuliJohn VandermaarJoseph J. VaschakRobert A. VeitchLoren B. WagenaarRobert WheartyWilliam G. WimmerF. N. YoungSatish K. AggarwalDennis Bod
35、sonMark D. BowmanJames T. CarloGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinJay Forster*Ruben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyLowell G. JohnsonRobert J. KennellyE. G. “Al” KienerJoseph L. Koepfinger*L. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaRobert F. MunznerLouis-Franois PauRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S.
36、RobinsonAkio TojoHans E. WeinrichDonald W. ZipseCopyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.vContents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 12. References 23. Insulation test specimens . 24. Test procedures 34.1 Initial screening tests 34.2 Temperature aging . 54.3 Mechanical stress. 64.4 Thermal shock 64.5 Moisture e
37、xposure 74.6 Dielectric proof test 75. Interpretation of data 85.1 Criteria of failure 85.2 Method of determining average life. 95.3 Extrapolation of data 95.4 Application of results. 95.5 Report of results. 9Annex A (informative) Bibliography. 11Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.1IEEE Standa
38、rd Test Procedure for Evaluation of Systems of Insulation for Dry-Type Specialty and General-Purpose Transformers1. OverviewThis standard provides guidelines for preparing samples, conducting test, and analyzing results of testprocedures performed to evaluate insulation systems designed for dry-type
39、 specialty and general-purposetransformers. The information in this standard is presented in three principal sections:a)Test specimens.Describes the types of test specimens that are suitable for use in insulation systemthermal evaluations.b)Test procedures.Recommends a basic test cycle that is suita
40、ble for thermally evaluating insulationsystems. The test cycle consists of a series of exposures to heat, vibration, thermal shock, moisture,and voltage representing the cumulative effects of long service under accelerated conditions.Information is included for selecting test conditions based on tra
41、nsformer application.c)Interpretation of data.Provides guidelines for establishing the criteria of failure and methods foranalyzing and interpreting test results.Some transformers may have special requirements other than those included in this standard. In these cases,special exposures or tests shou
42、ld be added to the test cycle. It is all-important that when candidate andreference insulation systems are compared, test specimens of both systems shall be subjected to precisely thesame test cycle.1.1 ScopeThe intent of this standard is to establish a uniform method by which the thermal endurance
43、of electricalinsulation systems for dry-type specialty and general-purpose transformers can be compared. Theseinsulation systems are intended for use in the types of transformers described in NEMA ST 1-19881andNEMA ST 20-1992. In general, these dry-type transformers are used with the primary winding
44、s connectedto secondary distribution circuits of 600 V nominal and below.1Information on references can be found in Clause 2.IEEEStd 259-1999 IEEE STANDARD TEST PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS OF INSULATION2Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.Thermal degradation generally is one of the prin
45、cipal factors affecting the function of most insulatingmaterials. It is the principal environmental factor in this standard. Other environmental factors such asvibration, thermal shock, and moisture are included to simulate operating conditions. These factors havebeen chosen in such a way as to deve
46、lop and promptly disclose any significant weakness during thetemperature aging of an insulation system.This standard provides a statistical method for establishing a life-temperature relationship for an insulationsystem. This life-temperature relationship is relative. To have any significance, it mu
47、st be supported byadequate field service data or it must be compared to similar life test data for insulation systems with knownfield-service reliability.2. ReferencesThis standard shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. When the following standards aresuperseded by an approved
48、 revision, the revision shall apply.ASTM E104-85(1991), Standard Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means ofAqueous Solutions.2IEEE Std 1-1986 (Reaff 1992), IEEE Standard General Principles for Temperature Limits in the Rating ofElectric Equipment and for the Evaluation of Electr
49、ical Insulation.3IEEE Std 99-1980 (Reaff 1992), IEEE Recommended Practice for the Preparation of Test Procedures for theThermal Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Electric Equipment.IEEE Std 101-1987 (Reaff 1995), IEEE Guide for the Statistical Analysis of Thermal Life Test Data.NEMA ST 1-1988, Specialty Transformers (Except General-Purpose Type).4NEMA ST 20-1992 (Reaff1997), Dry-Type Transformers for General Applications.3. Insulation test specimensWhenever possible, actual transformers should be used for the thermal evaluation of insulation systems. Inthe case of small transf
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