IEEE C37 95-2014 en Guide for Protective Relaying of Utility-Consumer Interconnections《用户使用的互连设备继电保护指南》.pdf

1、 IEEE Guide for Protective Relaying of Utility-Consumer Interconnections Sponsored by the Power System Relaying Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA IEEE Power and Energy Society IEEE Std C37.95-2014(Revision ofIEEE Std C37.95-2002) IEEE Std C37.95-2014 (Revision of IEEE Std C37.

2、95-2002) IEEE Guide for Protective Relaying of Utility-Consumer Interconnections Sponsor Power System Relaying Committee of the IEEE Power and Energy Society Approved 27 March 2014 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: Described in this guide are protective relay applications involving electric service

3、to consumers that requires a transformation between the utilitys supply voltage and the consumers utilization voltage. It describes the factors that need to be considered in the design of adequate protection facilities, outlines modern relay practices, and provides several examples of the protection

4、 of typical utility-consumer interconnections. Keywords: backup protection, breaker failure relaying, bus protection, electric service, IEEE C37.95, non-utility generation, protective relays, transformer protection, utility-consumer interconnection The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Enginee

5、rs, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2014 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 5 May 2014. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent fitness for a particular purpose; n

6、on-infringement; and quality, accuracy, effectiveness, currency, or completeness of material. In addition, IEEE disclaims any and all conditions relating to: results; and workmanlike effort. IEEE standards documents are supplied “AS IS” and “WITH ALL FAULTS.” Use of an IEEE standard is wholly volunt

7、ary. The existence of an IEEE standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject

8、 to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. In publishing and making its standards available, IEEE is not suggesting or rendering professional or other services for, or on behalf of, any person or entity nor is IEEE undertak

9、ing to perform any duty owed by any other person or entity to another. Any person utilizing any IEEE Standards document, should rely upon his or her own independent judgment in the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional

10、in determining the appropriateness of a given IEEE standard. IN NO EVENT SHALL IEEE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO: PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INT

11、ERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE PUBLICATION, USE OF, OR RELIANCE UPON ANY STANDARD, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER S

12、UCH DAMAGE WAS FORESEEABLE. Translations The IEEE consensus development process involves the review of documents in English only. In the event that an IEEE standard is translated, only the English version published by IEEE should be considered the approved IEEE standard. Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rig

13、hts reserved. iv Official statements A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual shall not be considered or inferred to be the official position of IEEE or any of its committees and shall not be considered to be, or be relied u

14、pon as, a formal position of IEEE. At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered the personal views of that individual rather than the formal position of IEEE. Comments on

15、 standards Comments for revision of IEEE Standards documents are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affiliation with IEEE. However, IEEE does not provide consulting information or advice pertaining to IEEE Standards documents. Suggestions for changes in documents should be i

16、n the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Since IEEE standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, it is important that any responses to comments and questions also receive the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and th

17、e members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to comments or questions except in those cases where the matter has previously been addressed. For the same reason, IEEE does not respond to interpretation requests. Any person who would like

18、 to participate in revisions to an IEEE standard is welcome to join the relevant IEEE working group. Comments on standards should be submitted to the following address: Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA Laws and regulations Users of IEEE Standards documents sh

19、ould consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of any IEEE Standards document does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE

20、 does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights IEEE draft and approved standards are copyrighted by IEEE under U.S. and international copyright laws. They are made

21、available by IEEE and are adopted for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making these documents available for us

22、e and adoption by public authorities and private users, IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to the documents. Photocopies Subject to payment of the appropriate fee, IEEE will grant users a limited, non-exclusive license to photocopy portions of any individual standard for company or organiza

23、tional internal use or individual, non-commercial use only. To arrange for payment of licensing fees, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational c

24、lassroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. v Updating of IEEE Standards documents Users of IEEE Standards documents should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be am

25、ended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. Every IEEE standard is subjected to review at least ev

26、ery ten years. When a document is more than ten years old and has not undergone a revision process, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest ed

27、ition of any IEEE standard. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE-SA Website at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp or contact IEEE at the address listed

28、previously. For more information about the IEEE SA or IEEEs standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for all IEEE standards can be accessed on the IEEE-SA Website at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.

29、html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken by the IEEE with respect to the

30、existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant has filed a statement of assurance via an Accepted Letter of Assurance, then the statement is listed on the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html. Letters o

31、f Assurance may indicate whether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Es

32、sential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims, or determining whether any lice

33、nsing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement o

34、f such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi Participants At the time this IEEE guide was completed, the C37.95 Working Group had the following membership: Mukesh Nagpal, Cha

35、ir Charles Mozina, Vice Chair Jeffrey Barsch Kenneth Behrendt Stephen Conrad Randall Crellin Daniel Goodrich Gerald Johnson Dean Miller Adi Mulawarman Frank Plumptre Meliha Selak Lubomir Sevov Sudhir Thakur The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters ma

36、y have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William Ackerman Ali Al Awazi Wendy al-Mukdad Adam Bagby Thomas Barnes Jeffrey Barsch G. Bartok David Bassett David Beach Philip Beaumont Kenneth Behrendt Steven Bezner Wallace Binder William Bloethe Shiela Brown Gustavo Brunello William Byrd Th

37、omas Callsen Paul Cardinal Keith Chow Stephen Conrad Terry Conrad Randall Crellin Randall Cunico Ratan Das Matthew Davis Davide DeLuca Kevin Donahoe Gary Donner Randall Dotson Neal Dowling Ahmed Elneweihi Dan Evans Robert Fletcher Fredric Friend Doaa Galal Frank Gerleve Mietek Glinkowski Jalal Gohar

38、i Stephen Grier Randall Groves James Harvey Roger Hedding Werner Hoelzl Robert Hoerauf Jerry Hohn Gerald Johnson John Kay Yuri Khersonsky James Kinney Joseph L. Koepfinger Boris Kogan Jim Kulchisky Saumen Kundu Chung-Yiu Lam Michael Lauxman Thomas Lundquist Bruce Mackie Omar Mazzoni Peter Megna Dean

39、 Miller John Miller Charles Mozina Adi Mulawarman Jerry Murphy R. Murphy Edrin Murzaku Bruce Muschlitz Pratap Mysore Mukesh Nagpal Arthur Neubauer Michael Newman Joe Nims James OBrien Lorraine Padden Mirko Palazzo Bansi Patel Robert Pettigrew Frank Plumptre Daniel Leland Ransom Michael Roberts Charl

40、es Rogers M. Sachdev Steven Sano Bartien Sayogo Robert Scheurger Meliha Selak Lubomir Sevov Devki Sharma Hyeong Sim James Smith Jerry Smith Gary Stoedter Peter Sutherland James Swank Michael Swearingen William Taylor John Tengdin David Tepen Michael Thompson Demetrios Tziouvaras Joe Uchiyama Eric Ud

41、ren Gerald Vaughn John Vergis William Walter Daniel Ward Kenneth White Roger Whittaker Philip Winston Richard Young Jian Yu Luis Zambrano Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide on 27 March 2014, it had the following membership: John Kulick,

42、 Chair Jon Walter Rosdahl, Vice Chair Richard H. Hulett, Past Chair Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary Peter Balma Farooq Bari Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Stephen Dukes Jean-Philippe Faure Gary Hoffman Michael Janezic Jeffrey Katz Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Gle

43、nn Parsons Ron Petersen Adrian Stephens Peter Sutherland Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Don Wright Yu Yuan *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Julie Alessi IEEE Standards Pr

44、ogram Manager, Document Development Erin Spiewak IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. viii Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C37.95-2014, IEEE Guide for Protective Relaying of Utility-Consumer Interconnections. T

45、his document is intended to assist engineers in the application of protective relays at the interface between the utility and consumer systems where there is transformation between the utilitys supply voltage and the consumers utilization voltage. As a practical matter, this guide applies principall

46、y to larger commercial and industrial supply facilities since it deals primarily with systems above 600 V. It is a revision of IEEE Std C37.95-2002, IEEE Guide for Protective Relaying of Utility-Consumer Interconnections. This guide has been updated to reflect current practices, advances in technolo

47、gy, and the impact of non-utility generation on the utility-consumer interconnection. Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. ix Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 2 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 2 4. Establishing consumer service requirements and supply methods . 3 4.1 Ge

48、neral design approach 3 4.2 Information exchange 4 4.3 Specific supply considerations. 5 5. Typical utility-consumer interconnection configurations . 9 5.1 Single supply-single transformer 10 5.2 Dual supply-single transformer 12 5.3 Dual supply-dual transformer .14 6. Protection theory .16 6.1 Prot

49、ection system design considerations 16 6.2 Protection systems overview 19 7. System studies .28 7.1 Types of studies 28 7.2 Required data 29 7.3 Performance of studies .29 8. Consumers with generators .29 8.1 Introduction 29 8.2 Consumer with generation and no parallel connection to the utility.30 8.3 Consumer with generation in parallel but no planned power export to the utility 30 8.4 Consumer with generation and planned power export to the utility .33 9. Interconnection examples 38 9.1 Single supply from a remote utility substation .38 9.2 Dual supply from