ISO 10294-4-2001 Fire resistance tests - Fire dampers for air distribution systems - Part 4 Test of thermal release mechanism《耐火试验 用于空气调节系统的防火阀 第4部分：热释放机理试验》.pdf

1、Reference number ISO 10294-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10294-4 First edition 2001-04-01 Fire resistance tests Fire dampers for air distribution systems Part 4: Test of thermal release mechanism Essai de rsistance au feu Clapets rsistant au feu pour systmes de distribution dair Part

2、ie 4: Mthode dessai du mcanisme de dclenchement thermiqueISO 10294-4:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and

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5、und, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission i

6、n writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reservedISO 1029

7、4-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Requirements.2 4.1 Thermal release2 4.2 Response behaviour .3 4.3 Faulty set-off 3 5 Test apparatus .3 6 Test procedure.6 6.1 Installation of thermal release mechani

8、sm .6 6.2 Control of test conditions .6 7 Test report 8 Annex A (informative) Reliability tests10 Annex B (informative) Thermal release mechanisms for higher operating temperatures 12ISO 10294-4:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization)

9、 is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repre

10、sented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are

11、 drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a

12、vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 10294 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 10294-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire

13、 safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire containment. A test method was needed to evaluate the correct operation of damper-operating mechanisms. ISO 10294 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire resistance tests Fire dampers for air distribution systems: Part 1: Test method Part 2: Cla

14、ssification, criteria and field of application of test results Part 3: Guidance on the test method Part 4: Test of thermal release mechanism Annexes A and B of this part of ISO 10294 are for information only.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10294-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1 Fire resistance te

15、sts Fire dampers for air distribution systems Part 4: Test of thermal release mechanism WARNING In order that suitable precautions may be taken to safeguard health, the attention of all concerned in fire testing is drawn to the possibility that toxic or harmful gases may be evolved during the conduc

16、t of this test. 1 Scope This part of ISO 10294 specifies the test requirements related to thermal release mechanisms used in fire dampers tested in accordance with ISO 10294-1. Only the thermal release mechanism is subjected to the tests described. The test methods are designed to ensure that under

17、fire conditions the thermal release mechanism complies with the expected functions so that the damper will close completely so as to prevent the spread of fire. This part of ISO 10294 also includes a method for ensuring that the thermal release mechanism does not close the damper in non-fire conditi

18、ons. The effect of corrosion on the operational reliability of the release mechanism is also evaluated. This method is only applicable to thermal release mechanisms installed within the damper or duct. It does not cover thermal release mechanisms that are located outside the ventilation duct. The te

19、st can provide information on comparative performance between one thermal release mechanism and another and thus provides for the testing of thermal release mechanisms that have not been included in the damper assembly that was tested in accordance with ISO 10294-1. The method specified in this part

20、 of ISO 10294 will determine whether the thermal activation system for the closing device of a fire damper system is suitable for a fire damper assembly to be tested according to ISO 10294-1, is suitable for a fire damper already qualified according to ISO 10294-1 with an alternative system of the s

21、ame class (temperature-load), is capable of maintaining its performance after the reliability tests.ISO 10294-4:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part

22、 of ISO 10294. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 10294 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicat

23、ed below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 10294-1:1996, Fire resistance tests Fire dampers for air distribution systems Part 1: Test method. ISO/IEC 139

24、43:2000, Fire safety Vocabulary. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 10294, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 13943 and the following apply. 3.1 fire dampers mobile closure within a duct which is operated automatically or manually and is designed to prevent the pass

25、age of fire 3.2 thermal release mechanisms system which evaluates the parameters of temperature in the airflow of the ventilation duct and initiates the closing of the fire damper before a predicted threshold limit is reached NOTE The sensing element may be, for example, a fusible link, memory metal

26、, frangible bulb or electrical sensor. 3.3 threshold limit temperature before which the thermal release mechanism must have operated 4 Requirements 4.1 Thermal release The thermal release mechanism is installed in the centreline of the cross section of the test duct, which is part of the test arrang

27、ement according to Figure 1 or Figure 2. The test arrangement shall include a heating arrangement that can expose the thermal release mechanism to the conditions specified in 4.2, also a fan and velocity measuring equipment. A suitable method of controlling the air temperature and velocity shall be

28、provided. The position in which the thermal release mechanism is installed shall be chosen such that the airflow conditions near the heat-sensitive element are in accordance with the practical conditions. If the test specimens are not absolutely symmetrical, the test of response behaviour described

29、in 4.2 and the test of faulty set-off described in 4.3 shall be performed in both possible directions of airflow.ISO 10294-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3 4.2 Response behaviour Starting at an initial temperature of (25 2) C, the specimen shall be exposed to an increasing air temperature su

30、ch that it follows the relationship (see Figure 3): T =(25+20 t)2 where T is the temperature, in degrees Celsius; t is the time from the start of the test period, in minutes. The response threshold of the thermal release mechanism shall not exceed an 80 C rise above the starting temperature. A 25 C

31、initial temperature and 80 C maximum temperature rise means that the maximum temperature of activation (threshold limit) will be 105 C. This means that the thermal release mechanism shall operate within 4 min. This test may be applied to other operating temperatures and guidance is given annex B. Th

32、e mean air velocity at the start of this test shall be (1 0,1) m/s. The test shall be performed three times for each orientation and location of the thermal release mechanism. The thermal release mechanism shall operate before the threshold limit is exceeded on each of the samples tested. 4.3 Faulty

33、 set-off For 1 h the specimen shall be exposed to an air temperature of (60 2) C. The thermal release mechanism shall be under the same loading as would be applied under normal service conditions. The mean airflow velocity (mass flow) for this test shall be (1 0,1) m/s. The test shall be performed o

34、nce for each orientation and location of the thermal release mechanism. The thermal release mechanism shall not release in any of the samples tested. Where other operating temperatures are to be used, a different limit for temperature shall be selected. Guidance is given in annex B. 5 Test apparatus

35、 The recommended types of devices with opened and closed airflow are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. Larger and smaller cross sections may be used provided the requirements for the air temperature and the airflow velocity are met.ISO 10294-4:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reserved Key 1 Baffles for a

36、irflow 2 Thermocouples 3 Thermal release mechanism 4 Anemometer, distance 4 D from the fan 5 Heating zone 6F a n 7 Ingress of air Figure 1 Test arrangementISO 10294-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 5 Key 1 Removable cover 2 Anemometer, distance 4 D from the ventilation duct used in the test 3

37、Cover for the release mechanism-testing zone 4 Thermal release mechanism and location of observation window 5 Thermocouple 6F a n 7 Control panel 8 Heating zone 9 Damper for the egress of air 10 Damper for the ingress of air Figure 2 Alternative test arrangement 5.1 Ducting The length of ducting sho

38、wn in Figure 1 or Figure 2 may be changed provided the requirements for the air temperature and the airflow velocity are met. Each shall be provided with suitable access for installing the thermal release mechanism. The airflow shall be straight. An observation window shall be located as shown in Fi

39、gure 1 or Figure 2. A means of providing and controlling the ingress of air shall also be provided. 5.2 Fan, capable of providing the air velocities specified. 5.3 Heater, located within the duct system, having suitable means of control and capacity to achieve the heating conditions specified in 4.2

40、. 5.4 Air-velocity measuring equipment, suitable to meet the criteria of 4.2 and 4.3. 5.5 Instrumentation The air temperature shall be measured by means of a sheathed thermocouple of diameter (0,25 0,025) mm. The thermocouple shall be situated in the same distance from the top of the ventilation duc

41、t used in the test as the part of the thermal release mechanism that is sensitive to heat. The horizontal distance shall be approximately 230 mm from the thermal release mechanism.ISO 10294-4:2001(E) 6 ISO 2001 All rights reserved Figure 3 Time/temperature rise for response behaviour test 6 Test pro

42、cedure 6.1 Installation of thermal release mechanism The thermal release mechanism shall be suspended from a plate in its normal orientation on a plate dimensioned as shown in Figure 4, which forms part of the top of the working area of the ventilation duct used in the test, such that the thermal re

43、lease mechanism is positioned symmetrically to the sides and on the centreline of the ventilation duct used in the test. If the thermal release mechanism is not absolutely symmetrical, then both sides shall be tested. For the testing of faulty set-off, the thermal release mechanism shall be loaded a

44、s specified in 4.3. 6.2 Control of test conditions 6.2.1 Testing of response behaviour Before each test, the temperature of the airflow, as measured by the thermocouple (5.5), shall be at (25 2) C. Remove the thermal release mechanism from a conditioning chamber set at a temperature of (25 2) C, and

45、 locate the mechanism in the test duct. Wait at least 5 min for the temperature to stabilize. The control of the temperature within the ventilation duct used in the test shall be adjustable, with sufficient control and spare capacity so that the temperature can be controlled over a range of 1 C/min

46、to 30 C/min, with a maximum nominal value deviation of 2 C.ISO 10294-4:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 7 Key 1 Locating studs 2 Stiff suspension wire 3 Test duct 4 Thermocouple 5 Observation window 6 Thermal release mechanism 7 Temperature compensated anemometer 8 Mounting plate 9 Hole cut in t

47、est duct Figure 4 Installation of thermal release mechanismISO 10294-4:2001(E) 8 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 6.2.2 Testing of faulty set-off Before each test, apply a load in the direction of the release movement which is equal to the load under normal service conditions. The temperature of the air

48、flow and of the thermal release mechanism shall be prestabilized at 60 C 2 C then the test may be started. Where the device cannot be tested together with the operating springs, the laboratory shall provide a means of applying the load specified by the manufacturer. An example is shown in Figure 5.

49、Key 1 Thermal release mechanism 2 Cross section of test duct 3 Loading system Figure 5 Example of loading means 7 Test report The fulfilment of the requirements given in 4.2 and 4.3 shall be verified and detailed in the test report. Information relating to the corrosion tests shall also be included if carried out. The test report shall also contain at least the following information: a) name and address of the testing laboratory and the location where the test has