1、 ISO 2012 Rough-terrain trucks Safety requirements and verification Part 1: Variable-reach trucks Chariots tout-terrain Exigences de scurit et vrification Partie 1: Chariots porte variable INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10896-1 First edition 2012-07-01 Reference number ISO 10896-1:2012(E) ISO 10896-1:20
2、12(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in wr
3、iting from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 10896-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights
4、 reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions . 3 4 Requirements . 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 Starting/moving . 7 4.3 Brakes . 8 4.4 Electrical and electronic systems . 8 4.5 Controls . 9 4.6 Power systems and accessories .12 4.7 Stabi
5、lizing devices 13 4.8 Design requirements for maintenance purposes .13 4.9 Systems for lifting, tilting and reaching 13 4.10 Operators station .15 4.11 Operator access .19 4.12 Protective measures and devices .20 4.13 Stability 21 4.14 Visibility 21 4.15 External lighting devices .21 4.16 Fire prote
6、ction 22 4.17 Retrieval, transportation, lifting and towing 22 4.18 Noise .22 5 Verification of requirements and safety measures 23 5.1 General .23 5.2 Functional verification .23 5.3 Structural verification .23 5.4 Maximum load-lowering speed verification .24 6 Information for use .24 6.1 General .
7、24 6.2 Operators and maintenance manuals .25 6.3 Marking .27 6.4 Load charts .27 Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards 29 Annex B (normative) Attachments and attachment brackets .34 Annex C (normative) Elevating/tiltable operators stations 37 Annex D (informative) Consistency of directio
8、n of motion for load-handling controls 39 Bibliography .40 ISO 10896-1:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through I
9、SO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates
10、closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards.
11、Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this d
12、ocument may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10896-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee SC 4, Rough-terrain trucks. ISO 10896 consists of the following parts, under the g
13、eneral title Rough-terrain trucks Safety requirements and verification: Part 1: Variable-reach trucks Slewing trucks, lorry-mounted trucks, freely swinging loads and straight-masted trucks are to form the subjects of future parts 2, 3, 4 and 5. iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 10896-1:2012(E) Int
14、roduction Variable-reach trucks are known by a variety of terms, including “telehandlers” and “multi-purpose handlers”. The variable-reach rough-terrain trucks covered by this part of ISO 10896 are designed to transport loads to and place them on elevated work areas and can be driven on unimproved o
15、r disturbed terrain. They can also be equipped with a variety of attachments (e.g. fork arms, bale spikes) and interchangeable equipment (e.g. mowers, sweepers). ISO 2012 All rights reserved v Rough-terrain trucks Safety requirements and verification Part 1: Variable-reach trucks 1 Scope This part o
16、f ISO 10896 specifies general safety requirements for non-slewing, variable-reach rough-terrain trucks (hereafter known as “trucks”), with an articulated or rigid chassis and equipped with a telescopic lifting means (pivoting boom) on which a load-handling device such as a carriage with fork arms is
17、 typically fitted. Fork arms and other integrated attachments are considered to be parts of the truck. Other standards, in addition to the relevant provisions of this part of ISO 10896, can apply to the attachments. This part of ISO 10896 is not applicable to the following: a) industrial variable-re
18、ach trucks covered by ISO 3691-2; b) machines designed primarily for earth-moving, such as loaders, even if their buckets are replaced by fork arms (see ISO 20474); c) trucks designed primarily with variable-length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load may swing freely in
19、all directions (mobile cranes) 1) ; d) trucks fitted with personnel/work platforms, designed to move persons to elevated working positions 2 ; e) trucks designed primarily for container handling. The significant hazards covered by this part of ISO 10896 are listed in Annex A. This part of ISO 10896
20、does not address hazards that can occur during manufacture, when handling suspended loads, which may swing freely, when using trucks on public roads, when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres, or with a battery, LPG or hybrid as the primary power source. 2 Normative references The followin
21、g referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2330, Fork-lift trucks Fork arms Technical characteristic
22、s and testing ISO 2867:2011, Earth-moving machinery Access systems ISO 3449, Earth-moving machinery Falling-object protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements 1) Additional requirements for trucks intended for freely swinging load applications, their lifting devices and attac
23、hments, and personnel/work platform applications on trucks, are being developed by ISO/TC 110/SC4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10896-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO 10896-1:2012(E) ISO 3450, Earth-moving machinery Wheeled or high-speed rubber-tracked machines Performance requirements and
24、 test procedures for brake systems ISO 3457, Earth-moving machinery Guards Definitions and requirements ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements ISO 3795, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry
25、 Determination of burning behaviour of interior materials ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety markings ISO 3864-2, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 2: Design principles for product safety labels ISO
26、 5053, Powered industrial trucks Terminology ISO 5353, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Seat index point ISO 6016:2008, Earth-moving machinery Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components ISO 6682, Earth-moving mac
27、hinery Zones of comfort and reach for controls ISO 6683, Earth-moving machinery Seat belts and seat belt anchorages Performance requirements and tests ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment Registered symbols 2) ISO 7096:2000, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluation of operator seat v
28、ibration ISO 9244, Earth-moving machinery Machinery safety labels General principles ISO 9533, Earth-moving machinery Machine-mounted audible travel alarms and forward horns Test methods and performance criteria ISO 10263-3, Earth-moving machinery Operator enclosure environment Part 3: Pressurizatio
29、n test method ISO 10570, Earth-moving machinery Articulated frame lock Performance requirements ISO 11112:1995, Earth-moving machinery Operators seat Dimensions and requirements. Amended by ISO 11112:1995/Amd 1:2001 ISO 12508, Earth-moving machinery Operator station and maintenance areas Bluntness o
30、f edges ISO 13284, Fork-lift trucks Fork-arm extensions and telescopic fork arms Technical characteristics and strength requirements ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces Part 1: Hot surfaces ISO 13849-1, Safety of m
31、achinery Safety-related parts of control systems Part 1: General principles for design ISO 13850, Safety of machinery Emergency stop Principles for design ISO 15817, Earth-moving machinery Safety requirements for remote operator control ISO 16528 -1:2007, Boilers and pressure vessels Part 1: Perform
32、ance requirements ISO 16528-2, Boilers and pressure vessels Part 2: Procedures for fulfilling the requirements of ISO 16528-1 2) The database on Graphical Symbols for Use on Equipment contains the complete set of graphical symbols included in IEC 60417 and ISO 7000: http:/www.graphical-symbols.info/
33、 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 10896-1:2012(E) ISO 21507, Earth-moving machinery Performance requirements for non-metallic fuel tanks ISO 22915-10, Industrial trucks Verification of stability Part 10: Additional stability test for trucks operating in the special condition of stacking with load
34、laterally displaced by powered devices ISO 22915-14, Industrial trucks Verification of stability Part 14: Rough-terrain variable-reach trucks ISO 22915-20, Industrial trucks Verification of stability Part 20: Additional stability test for trucks operating in the special condition of offset load, off
35、set by utilization IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5053 and the following apply. 3.1 rough-terrain truck truck designed for operation on unimproved natural terrain as w
36、ell as the disturbed terrain of work sites 3.2 compact truck truck having a maximum height in normal travel mode of 2 150 mm, a maximum operating mass according to ISO 6016 of 6 000 kg, and/or a maximum width in normal travel mode of 1 850 mm 3.3 rated capacity Q 1maximum load permitted by the manuf
37、acturer at the standard load centre distance that the truck is capable of lifting and transporting on fork arms (3.13) in normal conditions with the boom fully retracted SEE: Figure 1. 3.4 rated capacitymaximum load that the attachment is permitted by its manufacturer to handle in normal operation u
38、nder specified conditions Note to entry The rated capacity of the attachment can be associated with the load centre distance. See Table 1. 3.5 actual capacity maximum load at a specified load centre distance, established by the manufacturer based on component strength and truck stability, that the t
39、ruck can carry, lift and stack to a specified lift height and reach (3.6), in normal operation SEE: Figure 1. Note 1 to entry The actual capacity depends on the configuration of the truck in respect of variables including lift height, the reach of the boom, the actual load centre, load-handling devi
40、ces and stabilizing devices. Note 2 to entry It defines the load-handling ability of the particular truck as equipped. Additional actual capacity with removable attachments, where permitted, may also be established by the appropriate stability test or by calculation verified by empirical data. ISO 2
41、012 All rights reserved 3 ISO 10896-1:2012(E) 3.6 reach d distance between two vertical parallel planes, one plane being tangent to the front of the outside diameter of the front tyres or tracks, the other plane being tangent to the curve described by the centre of gravity of the load moving from it
42、s highest position to its lowest position SEE: Figure 1. NOTE In practice, the reach can be measured by referring to a point, g, corresponding to the vertical projection of the centre of gravity, G, of the load onto the plane of the top surface of the fork arms (3.13), as shown in Figure 1. Key d re
43、ach D standard load centre distance G centre of gravity of the load g point corresponding to vertical projection of G Q 1rated capacity Q 2actual capacity at maximum lift height Q 3actual capacity at maximum reach Figure 1 Parameters for determining actual capacity of a truck with fork arms 3.7 lift
44、 height height from the ground to the upper face of the fork arms or underside of the load, whichever is the lower 4 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 10896-1:2012(E) 3.8 standard load centre distance D distance from the centre of gravity of the load, horizontally rearwards to the front of the fork s
45、hanks and vertically downwards to the upper faces of the fork arms (3.13) SEE: Figure 1. Note to entry Table 1 gives standard load centre distances in relation to their rated capacities. Table 1 Standard load centre distances and rated capacities Rated capacity Standard load centre distance Q 1 kg D
46、 mm400 500 600 900 1 200 0 1 000 X X a 1 000 5 000 X c X b 5 000 10 000 X 10 000 20 000 X X X 20 000 25 000 X X 25 000 X NOTE Trucks may be rated for special applications with load centres related to those applications. a600 mm is used in the USA. b600 mm is used in Asia, Australia and the USA. c500
47、 mm is typically used in Europe. 3.9 lost load centre LL effective thickness ET horizontal shift in the standard load centre that may occur when removable attachments are added to a truck 3.10 axle oscillation locking-mechanism mechanism designed to lock oscillation of an axle to improve truck stabi
48、lity 3.11 stabilizing devices extendable and/or pivoting mechanical supports used to improve the stability of a truck when stationary 3.12 lateral levelling change in the lateral inclination angle between the chassis and the ground made to ensure that the boom operates in a vertical plane even when
49、the truck is positioned on a side slope 3.13 fork arms device comprising two or more solid fork arms, each consisting of a shank (vertical portion) and blade, which is hook- or shaft-mounted, fitted on the carriage and usually adjusted manually 3.14 boom pivoting support member that permits horizontal and vertical placement of the load or attachment (3.17) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5 ISO 10896-
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