ISO 11525-1-2012 Rough-terrain trucks - User requirements - Part 1 General requirements《越野卡车 用户要求 第1部分 通用要求》.pdf

1、 ISO 2012 Rough-terrain trucks User requirements Part 1: General requirements Chariots tout-terrain Exigences pour lutilisateur Partie 1: Exigences gnrales INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11525-1 First edition 2012-07-01 Reference number ISO 11525-1:2012(E) ISO 11525-1:2012(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights rese

2、rved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the addr

3、ess below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 11525-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forew

4、ord iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 General safety requirements 2 4.1 Principles . 2 4.2 Operators manual(s) 3 4.3 Modifications or alterations 3 4.4 Manufacturers bulletins 3 4.5 Operator qualifications 3 4.6 Operators responsibility for training 3 4.7 Operato

5、r training . 3 4.8 Inspection and maintenance 6 4.9 Hazardous environments 8 5 Operating safety rules and precautions 8 5.1 Operators responsibility for safety . 8 5.2 Visual inspection and functional tests 9 5.3 General operating instructions 9 5.4 Travelling . 11 5.5 Picking and placing loads .12

6、5.6 Using attachments 12 Bibliography .14 ISO 11525-1:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical comm

7、ittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the

8、International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Internation

9、al Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be th

10、e subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11525-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee SC 4, Rough- terrain trucks. ISO 11525 consists of the following parts, under the general title Rou

11、gh-terrain trucks User requirements: Part 1: General requirements Slewing trucks and lorry-mounted trucks are to form the subjects of future parts 2 and 3. iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11525-1:2012(E) Rough-terrain trucks User requirements Part 1: General requirements 1

12、 Scope This part of ISO 11525 gives general requirements relating to the use of rough-terrain trucks. It is intended to achieve the following: a) the prevention of personal injuries, property damage and accidents; b) the establishment of criteria for inspection, maintenance, operation and training.

13、Specific user requirements for rotating trucks, lorry-mounted trucks, personnel work platforms that can be fitted to rough-terrain trucks, the handling of suspended loads with rough-terrain trucks and agricultural applications are to be covered by the other parts of ISO 11525. NOTE National or local

14、 requirements can apply, which could be more stringent. 2 Normative references The following reference documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (includ

15、ing any amendments) applies. ISO 5057, Industrial trucks Inspection and repair of fork arms in service on fork-lift trucks ISO 10896-1:2012, Rough-terrain trucks Safety requirements and verification Part 1: Variable-reach trucks 3 T erms and definitio ns For the purposes of this document, the follow

16、ing terms and definitions apply. 3.1 authorized person person approved or assigned to perform a specific task or tasks at a specific location or locations at a worksite 3.2 examiner competent person (3.7) who tests the competency of the trainee (3.11) 3.3 maintenance act of upkeep, including inspect

17、ion, lubrication, cleaning, adjustment and scheduled parts replacement 3.4 modi fic at ion change to the truck that affects its operation (3.5), stability (3.9), capacity or safety 3.5 operation performance of functions of a truck within the scope of its specifications and in accordance with the man

18、ufacturers instructions, work rules and applicable governmental regulations ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO 11525-1:2012(E) 3.6 operator competent (3.7) and authorized person (3.1) who controls the operation (3.5) of the truck 3.7 competent person person who has acquired, through training, qualif

19、ication, experience or a combination of these, the knowledge and skill enabling that person to correctly perform the required tasks 3.8 attachment bracket device fitted at the end of the boom to facilitate the quick interchange of attachments 3.9 stability state of the truck in which it does not ove

20、rturn, described technically as the state in which the sum of the moments acting to overturn the truck is less than the sum of the moments tending to resist overturning Note to entry: Conditions that can affect stability include ground and floor conditions, gradient, speed and loading (trucks equipp

21、ed with attachments behave as partially loaded trucks even when operated without a load on the attachment), dynamic and static forces, incorrect tyre inflation and the judgment exercised by the operator (3.6). 3.10 trainer competent person (3.7) who conducts the training of the truck operator (3.6)

22、3.11 trainee person who is being trained to become a truck operator (3.6) 3.12 user person or entity responsible for assigning an operator (3.6) to operate a truck and specifying the tasks to be performed Note to entry: Depending on national or other regulations, or local practice, this term can ref

23、er to one or more of the following entities: owner, employer, custodian, dealer or entity placing the product on the market. 3.13 responsible entity person or entity with responsibility for the design, specification, procurement, fabrication, manufacture, assembly, provision of information and testi

24、ng of a truck Note to entry: Depending on national or other regulations, or local practice, this term can refer to one or more of the following entities: manufacturer, installer, custodian, dealer, designer or entity placing the product on the market. 4 General safety requirements 4.1 Principles Thi

25、s part of ISO 11525 shall be supplemented by good management practices, safety controls and application of sound principles of safety, training, inspection, maintenance, application selection and operation. All data available regarding the parameters of intended use and expected environment shall be

26、 considered. Those with direct control over the application and operation of the truck shall be responsible for ensuring good safety practices. NOTE Different operating conditions can require additional safety precautions, training and special safe operating procedures. The operation of any truck is

27、 subject to certain hazards that can be protected against only by the exercise of care and common sense. It is essential to have competent persons trained in the intended use, safe operation, maintenance and service of this equipment. 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 11525-1:2012(E) The user shall

28、 ensure that the operator understands that safe operation of the truck is also the operators responsibility. The user shall ensure that the operators mental or physical condition will not impair his/her ability to operate the truck. 4.2 Operators manual(s) The user shall ensure that the operators ma

29、nual(s) and any additional safety manual provided by the manufacturer with the truck are always available to the operator and maintenance personnel. 4.3 Modifications or alte rations Except as provided below, no modifications or alterations to a truck that may affect its capacity, stability or safe

30、operation shall be made without the prior written approval of the original truck manufacturer or its successor. When the truck manufacturer or its successor approves a modification or alteration, the user shall be responsible, prior to operation, for ensuring that appropriate changes are made to inf

31、ormation plate(s), documents, certificates, labels, tags and operator manual(s). If the truck manufacturer is no longer in business and there is no successor, modifications or alterations to the truck shall be carried out under the following conditions: a) the design, testing and implementation of t

32、he modification or alteration is made in accordance with the appropriate part of ISO 10896 by a competent person; b) a permanent record is kept of the design, tests and implementation of the modification or alteration; c) appropriate changes are made to the information plate(s), documents, certifica

33、tes, labels, tags and operators manual(s); d) a permanent and readily visible label is affixed to the truck stating the manner in which the truck has been modified or altered, together with the date of the modification or alteration, and the name of the person or organization responsible for the des

34、ign, testing and implementation of the modifications. 4.4 Manufacturers bulletins The user shall comply with the applicable bulletins as directed by the responsible entity. 4.5 Operator qualificatio ns Users shall allow only competent and authorized persons to operate a truck. Truck operators shall

35、be competent to operate the equipment safely, in addition to being trained in accordance with this part of ISO 11525. 4.6 Operators responsibility for training Before operating any truck, the operator shall be trained in accordance with 4.7 and shall have read and be familiar with the operators manu

36、al(s) and any other safety information provided by the manufacturer and user on the particular truck being operated, the application and environment in which the truck is to be used and any attachments used. 4.7 Operator training 4.7.1 Operator training programme Personnel who are not considered com

37、petent to operate a truck shall operate the truck only as part of the operator training programme. This training shall be conducted under the direct supervision of a trainer. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3 ISO 11525-1:2012(E) The operator training programme shall be based on user policies, industry

38、standards, local regulations and policies, operating conditions and the manufacturers instructions. NOTE Information on operator training is available from sources including users, truck manufacturers, government agencies dealing with employee safety, trade organizations of truck users, public and p

39、rivate organizations and safety consultants. The training programme shall emphasize safe and proper operation that avoids injury to the operator and others and prevents property damage. The training program shall include the following items: a) information about the truck(s) the trainee will operate

40、 1) characteristics of the truck(s), including possible variations between the truck and others in the workplace, 2) similarities to, and differences from, other mobile equipment, 3) significance of information plates, load charts, warnings and instructions affixed to the truck, 4) operating and sa

41、fety instructions in the trucks operators manual(s), 5) instructions for inspection and maintenance to be performed by the operator, 6) engine operation, 7) type of drive system and its characteristics, 8) methods of steering and manoeuvring, 9) braking methods and characteristics, with and without

42、loads, 10) visibility, with and without loads, 11) load charts, how to read and comprehend them and the limitations of the load chart due to the mass and load centres, 12) explanation of the stability triangle and other stability characteristics affected by speed, acceleration, braking, raising or l

43、owering loads while travelling, operation/manoeuvring without loads, sharp cornering, height, attachments, grade/ramps, centre of gravity of the load and truck, combined load centre of gravity, counterbalance principle, truck stability triangle and trapezoid, 13) controls and instrumentation, includ

44、ing their location, function and method of operation, and the identification of symbols, 14) load-handling capabilities and proper use of forks and other attachments, 15) refuelling and battery charging, 16) guards and protective devices for the specific type of truck, 17) how to use stabilizing dev

45、ices, chassis levelling and other stability-related functions, and examples of improper operation and the risks associated with them, 18) how to correctly use the operator restraints, e.g. seat belt, and other safety devices, 19) basic steps to be taken in the event of a tip-over, e.g. bracing for i

46、mpact, 20) wheel loadings when loaded and unloaded in static position, 21) when entering and exiting the operators station, the need to always maintain three points of contact, i.e. one hand and two feet or two hands and one foot, 22) types of attachments and their applications/limitations, and 4 IS

47、O 2012 All rights reserved ISO 11525-1:2012(E) 23) other characteristics, if any, of the particular truck; b) operation and worksite-related topics: 1) surface conditions on which the truck is to be operated, loaded and unloaded, e.g. floor and ground conditions, ramps and inclines, trailers; 2) loa

48、d handling at height and at ground level while picking and placing loads; 3) pedestrian traffic in areas in which the truck is to be used; 4) narrow-aisle and other confined-area operations; 5) potentially hazardous locations where the truck will be operated; 6) ramps and gradients and how the stabi

49、lity of the truck could be affected by them; 7) enclosed environments and other areas where insufficient ventilation could result in a concentration of carbon monoxide gas from the engine exhaust; 8) other unique or potentially hazardous environmental conditions at the worksite that could affect other workers and the safe operation of the truck. 4.7.2 Testing, retraining and enforcement 4.7.2.1 Testing During training, performance and oral and/or written tests shall be given by the examiner to measure the skill and kn