ISO 11698-1-2000 Micrographics - Methods of measuring image quality produced by aperture card scanners - Part 1 Characteristics of the test images《缩微摄影技术 开窗卡扫描仪.pdf

1、Reference number ISO 11698-1:2000(E) ISO 2000 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11698-1 First edition 2000-08-01 Micrographics Methods of measuring image quality produced by aperture card scanners Part 1: Characteristics of the test images Micrographie Mthodes de mesurage de la qualit de limage produite pa

2、r les numrisateurs de cartes fentre Partie 1: Caractristiques des images dessaiISO 11698-1:2000(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedd

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5、m relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2000 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm

6、, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2000 All r

7、ights reservedISO 11698-1:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical

8、 committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with

9、 the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the m

10、ember bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 11698 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible f

11、or identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 11698-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 171, Document imaging applications, Subcommittee SC 1, Quality. ISO 11698 consists of the following parts, under the general title Micrographics Methods of measuring image qual

12、ity produced by aperture card scanners: Part 1: Characteristics of the test images Part 2: Quality criteria and control Annex A of this part of ISO 11698 is for information only.ISO 11698-1:2000(E) iv ISO 2000 All rights reserved Introduction Scanning of microimages in aperture cards for use in CAD

13、and electronic information systems is of great importance. This International Standard describes a series of test aperture card microimages, which can be used to evaluate the output quality resulting from aperture card scanning systems. The procedures for the use of these microimages is described in

14、 ISO 11698-2.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11698-1:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved 1 Micrographics Methods of measuring image quality produced by aperture card scanners Part 1: Characteristics of the test images 1 Scope This part of ISO 11698 specifies the characteristics of the test images used f

15、or evaluating or checking the quality of electronic images generated by aperture card scanners. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 11698. For dated references, subsequent amendme

16、nts to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 11698 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of

17、 the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 3272-1:1983, Microfilming of technical drawings and other drawing office documents Part 1: Operating procedures. ISO 6196-1:1993, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 1: Ge

18、neral terms. ISO 6196-4:1998, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 4: Materials and packaging. ISO 6196-5:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 5: Quality of images, legibility, inspection. ISO 6196-6:1992, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 6: Equipment. ISO 6428:1982, Technical drawings Requirements for microco

19、pying. ISO 12651:1999, Electronic imaging Vocabulary. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 11698, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6196 and ISO 12651 apply. Where a term appears in both of these International Standards it is essential that the definition used is appropr

20、iate to the context of the term.ISO 11698-1:2000(E) 2 ISO 2000 All rights reserved 4 Specifications for test images 4.1 General Each test card shall be an aperture card with inserted microimage, or a piece of photographic film the size of an aperture card having an image in that area corresponding t

21、o the aperture of a card, and right reading when viewed through the base. NOTE Recommended nominal film thickness is 0,18 mm. 4.2 Test image type 1 Test image type 1 is used for evaluating or checking image centring, scaling, capture size, line straightness, orthogonality and uniformity of line widt

22、h. Seven Type 1 test images are specified, one for each combination of sheet size and orientation shown in Table 1. A type 1 test image, see example Figure 1, shall comprise: a rectangle, divided by five vertical lines at intervals of one sixth of its length and a horizontal line from the midpoints

23、of the vertical sides, of which the corners and midpoints of the sides shall be joined by diagonal lines; a larger rectangle, concentric with the smaller one, bounded by a thick broken line the inner edge of which represents the image area of microimage required to be captured by a scanner, equal in

24、 size to the nominal sheet size specified in ISO 3272-1 divided by the nominal reduction ratio specified for that size; a 4 mm scale, graduated from 2m mt o 2 mm at intervals of 0,1 mm and 1 mm, extending each line that forms a corner in the inner rectangle. Points on the inner rectangle shall be as

25、signed letters A-H and the intersection of AC and BD letter O as shown in Figure 1. Dimensions shall be assigned to lines AB and AD as specified in Table 1, giving also the reduction ratio applicable to the microfilm image. Table 1 Test image type 1 sheet size, orientation and dimensions Test image

26、Sheet size Orientation Dimension AB mm Dimension AD mm 1 A0 Landscape 1068,9 720,9 2 A1 Landscape 756,2 509,2 3 A2 Landscape 534,0 360,0 4 A3 Portrait 237,0 360,0 5 A3 Landscape 360,0 237,0 6 A4 Portrait 210,0 297,0 7 A4 Landscape 237,0 150,0ISO 11698-1:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved 3 4.3 Tes

27、t image type 2 Test image type 2, see example in Figure 2, is used for evaluating or checking resolving power. It shall contain five test targets, one at the centre and one at each corner. Each test target shall comprise: two Pestrecov stars, a square containing a radial pattern of lines having equa

28、l angular frequency and concentric circles which indicate the location of radial line frequencies equivalent to 2, 4 and 8 line pairs per millimetre; two sections of ISO No. 2 test charts having patterns with spatial frequency in the range 84-300 line pairs per millimetre; four sections of Pestrecov

29、 star pattern. The size of each of the test targets shall be such that they do not overlap each other, and enable identification of the elements. Frequency information should be added to the target as appropriate. 4.4 Test image type 3 Five type 3 test images are specified, one each for the sheet si

30、zes in the series A0-A4. Test image type 3, see example Figure 3, is used for evaluating or checking the performance of the scanner when scanning different line widths. It shall comprise a number of test targets as specified in Table 2. Each test target shall comprise three patterns having two sets

31、of lines of thickness equal to one of the series 0,30-1,0 specified in ISO 6428, equally spaced and at right angles to each other. One pattern shall be positive-appearing and have seven sets of lines and spaces of equal width; one pattern shall be positive-appearing and have six sets of lines and sp

32、aces at least five times greater than line width; one pattern shall be negative-appearing and have six sets of lines and spaces at least five times greater than line width. The test targets should be regularly arranged to cover as much of the microimage area as possible. Table 2 Number of test targe

33、ts Sheet size Number of targets A4 1 A3 2 A2 4 A1 6 A0 6 4.5 Test image type 4 Test image type 4, see example Figure 4, is used for evaluating or checking how well the scanner optics are focused. It shall comprise five test targets on a background, half of which shall contain horizontal lines and th

34、e other half vertical lines having spatial frequency of fifty lines pairs per millimetre. Each test target shall comprise two patterns having four sets of lines with increasing spatial frequency, each pattern designated by a letter A-J, in the form of a broken rectangle symmetrical about the lettere

35、d axis. The spatial frequencies of line sets are specified in Table 3. The long axes of each pair of patterns shall be at 45 degrees to each other.ISO 11698-1:2000(E) 4 ISO 2000 All rights reserved Table 3 Spatial frequency of line sets Pattern ABCDEFGHIJ Line pairs per mm 21,5 25,8 31,0 37,2 44,6 5

36、3,5 64,2 77,0 92,5 111,0 4.6 Test image type 5 Test image type 5, see example Figure 5, is used for evaluating or checking legibility. It shall comprise two blocks of character strings of a typeface similar in height to width ratio, line thickness and style to that used for written information on te

37、chnical drawings. The character sizes used should be from the smallest available on the system designated zero, increasing in equal steps. The character size identifier of lines on each block shall increase from top to bottom by an increment of two. One block shall contain even numbered character si

38、ze strings from 0 to 62 and the other odd numbered character size strings from 1 to 63. Character lines shall comprise Roman alphabetic characters in alphabetic order and where length of line permits Arabic numerical characters in numerical order. Each character line shall include its character size

39、 identifier in numerical characters after the first alphabetic character. 4.7 User target It may be helpful in some circumstances to define a user target, with image attributes typical of those used in practice. Annex A gives details of a typical user target for technical drawing applications.ISO 11

40、698-1:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved 5 NOTE In dimensions AB and AD, the (1:15) denotes the reduction ratio used in producing the test image and is important since the actual dimensions on the film can only be known if the reduction ratio is known. Figure 1 Sample layout of test image type 1 (

41、set of 7) for checking image centring, scaling, capture size Figure 2 Sample layout of test image type 2 for checking resolving powerISO 11698-1:2000(E) 6 ISO 2000 All rights reserved Figure 3 Sample layout of test image type 3 (set of 5) for checking line widthISO 11698-1:2000(E) ISO 2000 All right

42、s reserved 7 Figure 4 Sample layout of test image type 4 for checking focusISO 11698-1:2000(E) 8 ISO 2000 All rights reserved Figure 5 Sample layout of test image type 5 for checking character legibilityISO 11698-1:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved 9 Annex A (informative) User prepared target A.1

43、 General Some scanner functions e.g. image enhancement are designed to perform best when scanning typical technical drawings and can give spurious results when scanning targets such as those specified in the main body of this International Standard. For this reason it is often helpful to assess scan

44、ner performance subjectively using one or more test images that are typical of the microimages to be scanned. Test image type 6 is intended for this purpose. Users may use a test image of their own if preferred. Additional test images may be used if more than one distinct type of image, such as nega

45、tive-appearing and positive-appearing, are scanned. A.2 Test image type 6 Test image type 6, consists of an A1 size technical drawing made in accordance with ISO 6428 and filmed in accordance with ISO 3272-1. The drawing should contain a variety of typical features that may be used to judge the perf

46、ormance of a scanner quickly and subjectively. An example of these features, which have been ringed and lettered in Figure A.1, correspond to: A Weak pencil text B Solid characters C Solid fill areas D Weak hatching E Mixed ink and pencil lettering F Close lines G Hole centre markersISO 11698-1:2000(E) 10 ISO 2000 All rights reserved Figure A.1 Sample of test image type 6, engineering drawingISO 11698-1:2000(E) ICS 37.080 Price based on 10 pages ISO 2000 All rights reserved