ISO 12858-1-2014 Optics and optical instruments - Ancillary devices for geodetic instruments - Part 1 Invar levelling staffs《光学和光学仪器 大地测量仪器辅助装置 第1部分 殷钢水平支柱》.pdf

1、 ISO 2014 Optics and optical instruments Ancillary devices for geodetic instruments Part 1: Invar levelling staffs Optique et instruments doptique Equipements annexes pour les instruments godsiques Partie 1: Mires de nivellement en invar INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12858-1 Second edition 2014-08-01 R

2、eference number ISO 12858-1:2014(E) ISO 12858-1:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, inc

3、luding photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax +

4、41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 12858-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Design 1 5 Invar scale strip . 1 6 Scale and scale number

5、ing . 2 6.1 Classical staff 2 6.2 Staffs for digital levels . 2 7 Zero-point error 3 8 Baseplate 3 9 Accessories . 3 10 Circular level . 3 11 Designation and marking 3 Annex A (informative) Examples of Invar levelling staffs . 4 ISO 12858-1:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for St

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11、n on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document

12、is ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 6, Geodetic and surveying instruments. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12858-1:1999), which has been technically revised. ISO 12858 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and optical instrum

13、ents Ancillary devices for geodetic instruments: Part 1: Invar levelling staffs Part 2: Tripods Part 3: Tribrachs Annex A of this part of ISO 12858 is for information only.iv ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 12858-1:2014(E) Introduction The ISO 12858 series consists of several parts which detail spe

14、cifications for ancillary devices to be used with geodetic instruments in surveying. This part of ISO 12858 specifies requirements for Invar levelling staffs. Additional parts, covering other ancillary devices, may be added to ISO 12858 as the need arises. ISO 2014 All rights reserved v Optics and o

15、ptical instruments Ancillary devices for geodetic instruments Part 1: Invar levelling staffs 1 Scope This par t of ISO 12858 specifies the most important requirements of Invar levelling staffs used in geodesy and industry for precise measurement of heights in combination with either an optical-mecha

16、nical level equipped with a parallel plate micrometre, or a digital level of comparable precision. It is applicable to classical staffs with graduation lines and numbering; staffs used in digital levelling with code patterns. NOTE The measurement uncertainty of the height differences depends on a mu

17、ltitude of influencing factors of the whole measuring system including the levelling instruments. This part of ISO 12858 is not applicable to the detailed design and construction of Invar levelling staffs (e.g. materials, handles, fixing points for the struts, fixing of the Invar strip and of the ci

18、rcular level), which may be selected by the manufacturer as appropriate. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refer

19、ences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 9849, Optics and optical instruments Geodetic and surveying instruments Vocabulary 3 T erms an d definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9849 apply. 4 Design In

20、var levelling staffs are normally manufactured in nominal lengths of 2 m or 3 m. However, other alternative lengths may be adopted. The detailed design and construction are left to the manufacturer. Examples of Invar levelling staffs are shown in Annex A. 5 Invar scale strip The Invar strip carrying

21、 the scale is classified in Table 1. INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 12858-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1 ISO 12858-1:2014(E) T able 1 C l a s s i f ic at ion of I nv a r s t r ip C l a s s i f ic a t ion of I nv a r s t r ip A B C Coefficient of thermal expansion | 0,5 10 6K 1 | 1,0 10 6K 1 |

22、 1,5 10 6K 1 K is the SI unit of temperature in Kelvin This classification may be used to specify the quality of the Invar strip. 6 Scale and scale numbering 6.1 Classical staff The Invar scale strip on levelling staffs may be equipped with one or two parallel sets of scales. The scale marks shall b

23、e sharp, parallel and of equal thickness. The colours of the scale marks and of the scale numbering shall be of good contrast. In case of two parallel sets of scales, they shall be offset (staff constant, equal to the difference between the two opposite scale values), the value of which shall be ind

24、icated on the staff frame or on the Invar scale strip. The scale numbering shall be on the staff frame, adjacent to the lnvar scale strip. In the case of two parallel sets of scales, the scale numbering shall be placed adjacent to the respective scales, on each side of the lnvar scale strip. The max

25、imum deviation (MPE) of the distance between any two scale marks shall not exceed the value specified in Table 2: T able 2 C l a s s i f ic at ion of s c a le Class A B C admissible deviationll 0 015 11 0 5 ,ll 0,025 2,51 0 5ll 00 55 10 5 ,where l is the admissible deviation (MPE), in millimetres, a

26、t 20 C; l is the distance, in millimetres, between any two scale marks or any two code pattern edges, which are 200 mm apart. 6.2 Staffs for digital levels The scale of staffs for digital levels is different from classical staffs; it consists of a sequence of code patterns. The admissible deviation

27、for the scale of code staffs shall be compatible with Table 2. ll l MS(1) where l Mis the measured value under a test; l S is the standard value by designing of manufacturers. The test should be accomplished by a special measuring machine.2 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 12858-1:2014(E) 7 Zero-poi

28、nt error The measurement to determine this difference shall be made parallel to the staff length axis and perpendicular to the baseplate, at 20 C. The zero-point error shall not exceed 0,05 mm. Provision for adjusting the zero-point shall be made. 8 Baseplate The baseplate shall have on its lower si

29、de a hardened stainless steel plate. The flatness deviation of the plate shall not exceed 0,02 mm. The baseplate shall be perpendicular, within 5, to the staff length axis. 9 Accessories At a suitable position on the staff frame, two foldable handles and fittings for struts shall be provided. Heat i

30、nsulating materials should be selected for the handle or handles jacket. The alternative use of a centring ring at the baseplate should be possible. 10 Circular level A circular level having an (usable) indicating range of 15 5 shall be fixed to the backside of the levelling staff. 11 Designation an

31、d marking The marking shall indicate at least the following data on the backside of the levelling staff: the name or trademark of the manufacturer (or responsible supplier); the individual identification number (serial number). The staff may be marked additionally on the back with the designation as

32、 shown below for the example of a precision levelling staff of 2 m length: Table 3 Example designation of Invar levelling staff 1 2 3 4 5 Invar levelling staff ISO 12858-1 2 B B 1: description 2: International Standard number 3: nominal length (m) 4: classification of Invar strip 5: classification o

33、f scale (l) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3 ISO 12858-1:2014(E) Annex A (informative) Examples of Invar levelling staffs Key 1 baseplate 4 scale(s) 2 staff frame 5 scale numbering 3 Invar scale strip NOTE Dimensions, scale numbering and scale interval are left to the manufacturers discretion. Figure A.1 Examples of Invar levelling staffs4 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 12858-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved IC S 17.180.30 Price based on 4 pages