ISO 13232-4-2005 Motorcycles - Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles - Part 4 Variables t.pdf

1、 Reference number ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-4 Second edition 2005-12-15 Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 4: Variables to be measured, instrumentation and measurement proced

2、ures Motocycles Mthodes dessai et danalyse de lvaluation par la recherche des dispositifs, monts sur les motocycles, visant la protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions Partie 4: Variables mesurer, instrumentation et mthodes de mesure ISO 13232-4:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may con

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5、rameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless other

6、wise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright

7、 office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reservediiiContents Page Foreword.vi Introduction.vii 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Definitions, symbols, and abbreviati

8、ons.2 4 Requirements.3 4.1 Electronically recorded variables 3 4.2 Mechanically recorded variables .5 4.3 Photographic targets to be digitized .5 4.4 Sensor specifications7 4.5 Internal data acquisition and recording system specifications15 4.6 High speed photography 18 4.7 Still photography .19 5 M

9、easurement methods21 5.1 Pre-test measurements related to data reduction21 5.2 Data reduction21 5.3 Impact conditions28 5.4 Frangible bone continuity sensors32 6 Documentation.32 Annex A (normative) Digitizing the helmet centroid point .35 Annex B (normative) High speed photography field of view req

10、uirements36 Annex C (normative) Computer code for calculation of head linear and angular accelerations38 Annex D (informative) Rationale for ISO 13232-4.63 Figures Figure 1a Nine accelerometer block with accelerometer mounting locations and orientations.8 Figure 1b Nine accelerometer block with acce

11、lerometer mounting locations and orientations.9 Figure 2 Nine accelerometer block mounting base10 Figure 3 Chest potentiometer installation 13 Figure 4 Frangible bone strain gauge locations.14 Figure 5 Frangible bone break continuity sensor end-to-end wire pattern 16 Figure 6 F zstrain gauge calibra

12、tion.23 Figure 7 M xand M ystrain gauge calibration .23 Figure 8 M zstrain gauge calibration24 ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reservediv Figure 9a OV contact point determination for OV front, front corner, rear, or rear corner contact with MC front or rear contact30 Figure 9b OV contact poi

13、nt determination for OV side contact31 Figure 9c OV contact point determination, OV front or rear contact with MC side contact (positive ycp shown)33 Figure 10 Frangible bone continuity sensor circuit 34 Figure D.1 Rotational chest pot and string pot time history responses to impact when mounted in

14、the Hybrid III chest 67 Figure D.2 Force/deflection properties of example cables.68 Figure D.3 Simulated effect of one cable catching, on dummy head trajectory 69 Figure D.4 Simulated effect of one cable catching, on dummy upper torso trajectory 69 Figure D.5 Simulated effect of one cable catching,

15、on dummy lower torso trajectory.70 Figure D.6 Simulated effect of one cable catching, on dummy head velocity .70 Figure D.7 Simulated effect of one cable catching, on dummy head acceleration71 Figure D.8 Simulated effect of 12 cables catching, on dummy head trajectory.71 Figure D.9 Simulated effect

16、of 12 cables catching, on dummy upper torso trajectory 72 Figure D.10 Simulated effect of 12 cables catching, on dummy lower torso trajectory.72 Figure D.11 Simulated effect of 12 cables catching, on dummy head velocity .73 Figure D.12 Simulated effect of 12 cables catching, on dummy head accelerati

17、on73 Figure D.13 Full-scale impact test time history of the motorcycle at the approximate centre of gravity75 Figure D.14 Sample sled test time history of the motorcycle along the longitudinal centre of gravity, rearward of lateral centre line .75 Figure D.15a Helmet centroid normalized forward velo

18、city versus displacement .78 Figure D.15b Helmet centroid normalized forward velocity versus displacement .79 Figure D.15c Helmet centroid normalized forward velocity versus displacement .80 Figure D.15d Helmet centroid normalized forward velocity versus displacement .81 Tables Table 1 Opposing vehi

19、cle targets 6 Table 2 Frangible leg bone strain gauge specifications.11 Table 3 A to D specifications for digital systems17 Table 4 Full-scale recording ranges.18 Table 5 Required cameras and specifications.20 ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reservedvTable 6 Still photograph minimum focal le

20、ngths and field of view widths21 Table 7 Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy frequency response classes22 Table 8 Calibration data for femur strain gauges.25 Table 9 Calibration data for upper tibia strain gauges .25 Table 10 Calibration data for lower tibia strain gauges26 Table B.1 Photograph

21、ic specifications for seven impact configurations37 Table D.1 Normalized forward velocity of helmet centroid crossing the AA plane76 Table D.2 Normalized resultant velocity of helmet centroid crossing the AA plane77 ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reservedvi Foreword ISO (the International O

22、rganization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been estab

23、lished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardizat

24、ion. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting

25、. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. ISO 13232-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 22, Motorcycles. This second edition cancels and replaces the first version (ISO 13232-4:1996),

26、 which has been technically revised. ISO 13232 consists of the following parts, under the general title Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles: Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations Part 2: Definition

27、 of impact conditions in relation to accident data Part 3: Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy Part 4: Variables to be measured, instrumentation and measurement procedures Part 5: Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures Part 7: Standardized procedures

28、for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests Part 8: Documentation and reports ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reservedviiIntroduction ISO 13232 has been prepared on the basis of existing technology. Its purpose is to define common research methods and a means for making an

29、 overall evaluation of the effect that devices which are fitted to motorcycles and intended for the crash protection of riders, have on injuries, when assessed over a range of impact conditions which are based on accident data. It is intended that all of the methods and recommendations contained in

30、ISO 13232 should be used in all basic feasibility research. However, researchers should also consider variations in the specified conditions (for example, rider size) when evaluating the overall feasibility of any protective device. In addition, researchers may wish to vary or extend elements of the

31、 methodology in order to research issues which are of particular interest to them. In all such cases which go beyond the basic research, if reference is to be made to ISO 13232, a clear explanation of how the used procedures differ from the basic methodology should be provided. ISO 13232 was prepare

32、d by ISO/TC 22/SC 22 at the request of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Group for Road Vehicle General Safety (UN/ECE/TRANS/SCI/WP29/GRSG), based on original working documents submitted by the International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA), and comprising eight interrelat

33、ed parts. This revision of ISO 13232 incorporates extensive technical amendments throughout all the parts, resulting from extensive experience with the standard and the development of improved research methods. In order to apply ISO 13232 properly, it is strongly recommended that all eight parts be

34、used together, particularly if the results are to be published. ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reservedDRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 11 Scope This part of ISO 13232 specifies requirements for the: repeatability and reproducibility of the dynamic measurement procedures for the motorcycle, the

35、 opposing vehicle, and the dummy; and dummy instrumentation. ISO 13232 specifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective devices fitted to motorcycles, which are intended to protect the rider in the event of a collision. ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests involv

36、ing: two-wheeled motorcycles; the specified type of opposing vehicle; either a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles; for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to impact; one helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcycle

37、; the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury by body region; evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with the proposed devices). ISO 13232 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes. 2 Norm

38、ative references ISO 13232-1, Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. Fo

39、r dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective de

40、vices fitted to motorcycles Part 4: Variables to be measured, instrumentation and measurement procedures 2 ISO 13232-3, Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 3: Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy ISO 13232-

41、6, Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 6: Full-scale impact test procedures ISO 13232-7, Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles

42、Part 7: Standardized procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests ISO 13232-8, Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 8: Documentation and reports ISO 6487, Road vehicles Measurement t

43、echniques in impact tests Instrumentation SAE 1733, Sign convention for vehicle crash testing, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA 3 Definitions, symbols, and abbreviations The following terms are defined in ISO 13232-1. For the purposes of this part of ISO 13232, those definitions apply. Additional defin

44、itions which could apply to this part of ISO 13232 are also listed in ISO 13232-1: aim point; blur; cursor; detachable external cables; digitizing surface; film analysis frame; frame width; helmet centroid point; high speed photography; leading edge; magnification; motion analyser grid; oblique came

45、ra; off axis; output signal voltage; overall accuracy of the film analysis; ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved3 primary axis; signal gain; trailing edge; visual resolution. 4 Requirements 4.1 Electronically recorded variables 4.1.1 Required The variables listed below shall be recorded

46、in all full-scale impact tests from at least 0,100 s before first MC/OV contact until at least 3,000 s after first MC/OV contact, using the sensors described in 4.4.1: a) first MC/OV contact occurrence; b) head (nine linear accelerations): 1) bottom centre acceleration in three axes (a 1 , a 4 , a 7

47、 ), 2) top centre acceleration in two axes (a 3 , a 6 ), 3) bottom left acceleration in two axes (a 5 , a 9 ), 4) bottom right acceleration in two axes (a 2 , a 8 ); c) chest: 1) sternum upper left displacement (l uL ), 2) sternum upper right displacement (l uR ), 3) sternum lower left displacement

48、(l lL ), 4) sternum lower right displacement (l lR ). d) upper neck 1) upper neck antero - posterior shear force (F x,n ), 2) upper neck lateral shear force (F y,n ), 3) upper neck tension/compression forces (F z,n ), 4) upper neck lateral bending moment (M x,n ), 5) upper neck flexion/extension mom

49、ent (M y,n ), 6) upper neck torsional moment (M z, n ). ISO 13232-4:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved4 4.1.1.1 Additionally required for leg protective device evaluation a) left and right upper femur: 1) axial force (F z,uF ), 2) lateral bending moment (M x,uF ), 3) antero-posterior bending moment (M y,uF ); b) left and right upper tibia