ISO 13232-5-2005 Motorcycles - Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles - Part 5 Injury indi.pdf

1、 Reference number ISO 13232-5:2005(E) ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-5 Second edition 2005-12-15 Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 5: Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis Motocycles Mthodes dess

2、ai et danalyse de lvaluation par la recherche des dispositifs, monts sur les motocycles, visant la protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions Partie 5: Indices de blessure et analyse risque/bnfice ISO 13232-5:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance

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5、very care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publica

6、tion may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva

7、20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reserved ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword. vii Introduction. viii 1 Scope1 2 Normative references2 3 Definitions and abbreviations 2 4 Require

8、ments.3 4.1 Injury variables 3 4.2 Lower extremity injuries .4 4.3 Injury severity probabilities4 4.4 Injury indices5 4.5 Risk/benefit analysis .5 5 Procedures .5 5.1 Injury variables 5 5.2 Frangible component damage .10 5.3 Injury severity probabilities10 5.4 Probability of discrete AIS injury seve

9、rity level .15 5.5 Injury costs.17 5.6 Probability of fatality .18 5.7 Probable AIS 21 5.8 Normalized injury costs 22 5.9 Risk/benefit analysis .23 6 Documentation.27 Annex A (normative) Injury costs28 Annex B (normative) Mortality rate .30 Annex C (informative) ICM Variable and subscript definition

10、s 31 Annex D (informative) Example computer code of the injury cost model.34 Annex E (informative) Comparison of results to reference risk and benefit values 56 Annex F (informative) Example probable injury cost data57 Annex G (informative) Probability distribution curves69 Annex H (informative) Exa

11、mple cumulative distribution function plots73 Annex I (informative) Example computer code for calculations of head contacts 74 Annex J (informative) AO/C1/C2 upper neck injury probabilities and injury cost97 Annex K (informative) Estimated distribution of neck AO/C1/C2 injury severities in the LA/Ha

12、nnover database .120 Annex L (informative) Distribution of maximum neck forces and moments from computer simulations of 498 LA/Hannover cases and 67 fatal USC cases .122 Annex M (informative) Injury criteria coefficient search algorithm used for neck injury criteria identification.124 Annex N (infor

13、mative) Dummy neck computer simulation validation .131 Annex O (informative) Rationale for ISO 13232-5 144 ISO 13232-5:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedFigures Figure 1 Chest potentiometer geometry shown for the upper sternum .8 Figure 2 Risk of life threatening brain injury for HIC for t 2- t

14、 1 0,015 s.21 Figure D.1 Flow diagram of the injury cost model55 Figure G.1 Probability distribution of head injuries as a function of G max(Kramer formulae which relate injury indices to probable injury cost; a consistent means of interpreting impact test results; a means of relating the results ob

15、tained from film analysis and instrumentation of the dummy to injuries sustained in accidents; a means of assessing both the combined and relative effects of multiple injuries; an objective means of quantifying injury cost using a single index; a means of verifying the analysis; and a means of doing

16、 risk/benefit analysis of protective devices fitted to motorcycles, based upon the population of impact conditions identified in ISO 13232-2. ISO 13232 specifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective devices fitted to motorcycles, which are intended to protect the

17、rider in the event of a collision. ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests involving: two-wheeled motorcycles; the specified type of opposing vehicle; either a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles; for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to

18、 impact; one helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcycle; the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury, by body region; evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with the proposed devices). ISO 13232 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-5:2005(E)Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 5: Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis