ISO 14649-121-2005 Industrial automation systems and integration - Physical device control - Data model for computerized numerical controllers - Part 121 Tools .pdf

1、 Reference number ISO 14649-121:2005(E) ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14649-121 First edition 2005-09-01 Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device contro Data model for computerized numerical controllers Part 121: Tools for turning machines Systmes dautomatisation industriel

2、le et intgration Commande des dispositifs physiques Modle de donnes pour les contrleurs numriques informatiss Partie 121: Outils pour le tournage ISO 14649-121:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or

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5、ble for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any

6、means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail co

7、pyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reservedContents Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Tools for turning machines 3 4.1 Header and references3 4.2 Turning machine cutting tool .5 4.2.1 Cutting edge pro

8、perties 6 4.2.2 Hand of tool type .9 4.3 Catalogue of turning tool9 4.3.1 General turning tool 9 4.3.2 Turning threading tool 10 4.3.3 Grooving tool .11 4.3.4 Knurling tool 12 4.3.5 User defined turning tool13 Annex A: (normative) EXPRESS expanded listing.14 Annex B: (informative) EXPRESS-G diagram.

9、17 Index .21 ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiISO 14649-121:2005(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical

10、 committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with

11、 the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 14649

12、 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 14649-121 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Industrial automation systems and integration, Subcommittee SC 1, Physical device control. ISO 1

13、4649 consists of the following parts, under the general title Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers: NOTE Phase numbers below refer to the planned release phases of ISO 14649 which are described in Annex D of ISO 14649

14、-1:2002. Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles (Phase 1) Part 10: General process data ( Phase 1) Part 11: Process data for milling (Phase 1) Part 12: Process data for turning (Phase 2) Gaps in the numbering were left to allow further additions. ISO 14649-10 is the ISO 10303 Application Refere

15、nce Model (ARM) for process-independent data. ISO 10303 ARMs for specific technologies are added after part 10. iv ISO 2005 All rights reserved Part 111: Tools for milling machines (Phase 1) Part 121: Tools for turning machines (Phase 2) ISO 14649-121:2005(E) Introduction Modern manufacturing enterp

16、rises are built from facilities spread around the globe, which contain equipment from hundreds of different manufacturers. Immense volumes of product information must be transferred between the various facilities and machines. Todays digital communications standards have solved the problem of reliab

17、ly transferring information across global networks. For mechanical parts, the description of product data has been standardized by ISO 10303. This leads to the possibility of using standard data throughout the entire process chain in the manufacturing enterprise. Impediments to realizing this princi

18、ple are the data formats used at the machine level. Most computer numerical control (CNC) machines are programmed in the ISO 6983 “G and M code” language. Programs are typically generated by computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems that use computer- aided design (CAD) information. However, ISO 69

19、83 limits program portability for three reasons. First, the language focuses on programming the tool center path with respect to machine axes, rather than the machining process with respect to the part. Second, the standard defines the syntax of program statements, but in most cases leaves the seman

20、tics ambiguous. Third, vendors usually supplement the language with extensions that are not covered in the limited scope of ISO 6983. ISO 14649 is a new model of data transfer between CAD/CAM systems and CNC machines, which replaces ISO 6983. It remedies the shortcomings of ISO 6983 by specifying ma

21、chining processes rather than machine tool motion, using the object-oriented concept of Workingsteps. Workingsteps correspond to high-level machining features and associated process parameters. CNCs are responsible for translating Workingsteps to axis motion and tool operation. A major benefit of IS

22、O 14649 is its use of existing data models from ISO 10303. As ISO 14649 provides a comprehensive model of the manufacturing process, it can also be used as the basis for a bi- and multi- directional data exchange between all other information technology systems. ISO 14649 represents an object orient

23、ed, information and context preserving approach for NC-programming that supersedes data reduction to simple switching instructions or linear and circular movements. As it is object- and feature oriented and describes the machining operations executed on the workpiece, and not machine dependent axis

24、motions, it will be running on different machine tools or controllers. This compatibility will spare all data adaptations by postprocessors, if the new data model is correctly implemented on the NC controllers. If old NC programs in ISO 6983 are to be used on such controllers, the corresponding inte

25、rpreters shall be able to process the different NC program types in parallel. ISO TC 184/SC 1/WG 7 envisions a gradual evolution from ISO 6983 programming to portable feature-based programming. Early adopters of ISO 14649 will certainly support data input of legacy “G and M codes” manually or throug

26、h programs, just as modern controllers support both command-line interfaces and graphical user interfaces. This will likely be made easier as open-architecture controllers become more prevalent. Therefore, ISO 14649 does not include legacy program statements, which would otherwise dilute the effecti

27、veness of the standard. ISO 2005 All rights reserved vISO 14649-121:2005(E) 1 Scope This part of ISO 14649 specifies the data elements describing cutting tool data for turning machine tools and machining centres. They work together with ISO 14649-12, the process data for turning machine tools and ma

28、chining centres. These data elements can be used as criteria to select one of several operations; they do not describe a complete information of a particular tool. Thus, leaving out optional attributes gives the controller more freedom to select from a larger set of tools. Note 1 The NC is assumed t

29、o have access to complete description of specific tools in a database. The turning_machine_tool_schema defined in this part of ISO 14649 serves as a basic tool schema including the information required by the CNC to select a tool from the machine tools tool turret. Note 2 In ISO 6983, the tool is de

30、fined by its identifier (e.g. T8). No further information concerning the tool type or geometry is given. This information is part of the tool set-up sheet, which is supplied with the NC-program to the machine. The tool set-up sheet gives the relationship between the tool location (e.g. the slot 8 of

31、 the tool magazine) and the type of tool (e.g. “drill 4 mm”). This part of ISO 14649 includes the information which is contained in the tool set-up sheet: tool identifier; tool type; tool geometry; application dependent expected tool life. The turning_machine_tool_schema does not include information

32、 which is part of the tool database. The tool database is related to the machine tool and the tool itself but independent of the NC program. The following data types are out of scope of this part of ISO 14649: normative tool life; tool location in the tool changer; adaptive items also know as tool h

33、olders or tool clamping devices; tools for other technologies such as milling, grinding, EDM. Note 3 It is important to understand that all length measure types used in this part of ISO 14649 are not toleranced length measure types because they are used to describe the tools required for the manufac

34、turing of a workpiece, not the actual dimensions of the tools available at the machine. A real tool ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers Part 121: Tools for turning machines must be selec

35、ted by the tool management based on the actual tool dimensions and the tolerances of features. ISO 14649-121:2005(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Note 4 Tools in this part of the standard shall describe a tool at whole. No individual components (tool bodies, inserts, or clamping units) are described. Note

36、 5 Tools for other technologies will be described in further parts of ISO 14649. 2 Normative references ISO 3002-1:1993, Basic quantities in cutting and grinding Part 1: Geometry of the active part of cutting tools General terms, reference systems, tool and working angles, chip breakers ISO 5610:199

37、8, Single-point tool holders for turning and copying, for indexable inserts Dimensions ISO 10303-11:2004, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 11: Description methods: The EXPRESS language reference manual ISO 10303-41:2000, Industrial automatio

38、n systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 41: Integrated generic resource: Fundamentals of product description and support ISO 10303-42:2003, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 42: Integrated generic resource: Geo

39、metric and topological representation ISO 14649-10:2003, Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers Part 10: General process data ISO 14649-12: 1) , Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data

40、 model for computerized numerical controllers Part 12: Process data for turning ISO 14649-111: 1) , Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers Part 111: Tools for milling machines 3 Terms and definitions 3.1 Cutting referen

41、ce point The cutting reference point is a theoretical point of the tool from which the major functional dimensions are taken. For the calculation of this point the following cases apply: Case 1: The tool cutting edge angle is less or equal 90. The point is the intersection of the tool cutting edge p

42、lane, the tool feed plane, and the tool rake plane. 2 ISO 2005 All rights reservedThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (in

43、cluding any amendments) applies. For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14649-10, ISO 14649-12 and the following apply. ISO 14649-121:2005(E) 1) To be published. Case 2: The tool cutting edge is greater than 90. The point is the intersection of the tool feed plane,

44、 a plane perpendicular to tool feed plane and tangential to the cutting corner, and the tool rake plane. Case 3: ISO tool styles D and V with only axial rake. The point is the intersection of: a plane perpendicular to the primary feed direction and tangential to the cutting edge (tangential point),

45、a plane parallel to the feed direction through the tangential point, and the tool rake plane. The theoretical sharp corner of the insert and the cutting reference point are on the plane that is perpendicular to the tool feed plane. Case 4: Round inserts a) One feed direction parallel to the tool axi

46、s. The point is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the primary feed direction and tangential to the cutting edge (tangential point), a plane parallel to the feed direction through the tangential point, and the tool rake plane. b) Two feed directions, one parallel to the tool axis and one p

47、erpendicular to the tool axis with two cutting reference points. Each point is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to its feed direction and tangential to the cutting edge (tangential point), a plane parallel to the feed direction through the tangential point, and the tool rake plane. 3.2 Tool

48、 reference point The tool reference point is the origin point of the co-ordinate axis system. It is a right-handed rectangular Cartesian system in three dimensional space with three principal axes labelled X, Y, and Z. 3.2.1 Prismatic tool item position The base of the tool item shall be coplanar wi

49、th the XY-plane. The normal for the base of the tool shall be in the -Z direction. The rear backing surface shall be coplanar with the XZ-plane. The normal for the rear backing surface shall be in the +Y direction. The end of the tool shall be coplanar with the YZ-plane. The normal for the end of the tool shall be in the +X direction. The rake face of the primary cutting item shall be completely visible in the -X/-Y quadrant. 3.2.2 Round tool item position The axis