ISO 15884-2002 Milk fat - Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters《乳脂 脂肪酸甲酯制备》.pdf

1、 Reference numbers ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) ISO and IDF 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15884 IDF 182 First edition 2002-11-15 Milk fat Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters Matires grasses du lait Prparation des esters mthyliques dacides gras ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) PDF disclaim

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5、tariat at the address given below. ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO or

6、 IDF at the respective address below. ISO copyright office International Dairy Federation Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Diamant Building Boulevard Auguste Reyers 80 B-1030 Brussels Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Tel. + 32 2 733 98 88 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 Fax + 32 2 733 04 13 E-mail copyrightiso.org E-m

7、ail infofil-idf.org Web www.iso.org Web www.fil-idf.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reservedISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reserved iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national st

8、andards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International o

9、rganizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules giv

10、en in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least

11、75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15884 IDF 182 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/T

12、C 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 5, Milk and milk products, and the International Dairy Federation (IDF), in collaboration with AOAC International. It is being published jointly by ISO and IDF and separately by AOAC International. ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) iv ISO and IDF 2002 All rights

13、reservedForeword IDF (the International Dairy Federation) is a worldwide federation of the dairy sector with a National Committee in every member country. Every National Committee has the right to be represented on the IDF Standing Committees carrying out the technical work. IDF collaborates with IS

14、O and AOAC International in the development of standard methods of analysis and sampling for milk and milk products. Draft International Standards adopted by the Action Teams and Standing Committees are circulated to the National Committees for voting. Publication as an International Standard requir

15、es approval by at least 50 % of the National Committees casting a vote. ISO 15884 IDF 182 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 5, Milk and milk products, and the International Dairy Federation (IDF), in collaboration with AOAC International. It is being publi

16、shed jointly by ISO and IDF and separately by AOAC International. All work was carried out by the Joint ISO/IDF/AOAC Action Team, Fat, of the Standing Committee on Main Components in Milk, under the aegis of its project leader, Dr F. Ulberth (AT). INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:200

17、2(E) ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reserved 1Milk fat Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the preparation of fatty acid methyl esters from milk fat and fat obtained from dairy products. The method is not suitable for the analysis of partia

18、lly lipolysed milk fat (fat acidity 1 mmol of free fatty acids per 100 g of fat). In such a case, the alternative method described in Annex A can be used. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the

19、edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2446, Milk Determination of fat content (Routine method) ISO 14156 IDF 172, Milk and milk products Extraction methods for lipids and liposoluble compounds ISO 15885 ID

20、F 184, Milk fat Determination of the fatty acid composition by gas-liquid chromatography 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 fatty acid methyl esters of milk fat methyl esters of fatty acids prepared by the procedure specified in

21、this International Standard 4 Principle Methyl esters of milk fat fatty acids are prepared by base-catalysed methanolysis of the glycerides in an essentially non-alcoholic solution. After a certain reaction time, the mixture is neutralized by the addition of crystalline sodium hydrogen sulfate to av

22、oid saponification of preformed esters. 5 Reagents Use only reagents of recognized analytical grade, unless otherwise specified, and distilled or demineralized water or water of equivalent purity. 5.1 Solvent: n-pentane, n-hexane or n-heptane. 5.2 Methanol, containing not more than a mass fraction o

23、f 0,5 % water. ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) 2 ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reserved5.3 Sodium hydrogen sulfate monohydrate (NaHSO 4 H 2 O). 5.4 Transesterification reagent, potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium methoxide (NaOCH 3 ), methanolic solution of approximately 2 mol/l. Dissolve 11,2 g of

24、KOH in 100 ml of methanol and mix well. Alternatively, dissolve 10,8 g of NaOCH 3in 100 ml of methanol and mix well. The sodium methoxide methanolic solution may also be prepared by dissolving 4,6 g of metallic sodium in methanol or by diluting a commercially available solution of approximately 5,4

25、mol/l (e.g. Fluka 71748 1) ). Special precautions, however, shall be taken when handling metallic sodium. 6 Apparatus Usual laboratory equipment and, in particular, the following. 6.1 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest 1 mg. 6.2 Test tube, of diameter 16 mm, of length 100 mm, fitted with PT

26、FE-lined screw cap. 6.3 Graduated pipettes, of capacity 1 ml and 10 ml. 6.4 Vortex mixer. 6.5 Centrifuge, capable of operating at 350 g 50 g. It shall also be provided with a speed indicator indicating the number of revolutions per minute, with a maximum tolerance of 50 r/min. For acceleration detai

27、ls, see ISO 2446. 7 Sampling It is important that the laboratory receive a sample which is truly representative and has not been damaged or changed during transport or storage. Sampling is not part of the method specified in this International Standard. A recommended sampling method is given in ISO

28、707. 8 Preparation of test sample Follow the extraction method specified in ISO 14156 IDF 172. The extracted fat may be stored in a freezer for no longer than 1 month. 9 Procedure Weigh, to the nearest 5 mg, 100 mg of the prepared test sample (Clause 8) in a test tube (6.2). Dissolve the test portio

29、n sample in 5 ml of solvent (5.1) and mix. Add 0,2 ml of the transesterification reagent (5.4) and cap the tube. 1) Fluka is the tradename of a reagent commercially available. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an endorsement

30、 by ISO or IDF of this product. ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reserved 3Mix the contents of the tube vigorously with the vortex mixer (6.4) for 1 min. After an additional reaction time of 5 min, add 0,5 g of solid sodium hydrogen sulfate (5.3) and mix again. Place the

31、 test tubes with the test portion in the centrifuge (6.5) and centrifuge for 3 min at room temperature. After centrifuging, take an aliquot from the obtained clear supernatant of the test portion for the gas-liquid chromatographic analysis. Proceed as specified in ISO 15885 IDF 184. If necessary, de

32、cant the ester solution and store it at normal refrigeration temperatures or, preferably, in a deep-freezer for several days. Precautions shall be taken to avoid losses due to the volatility of methyl esters of milk fat fatty acids. NOTE N-Acyl lipids (e.g. sphingolipids) are not properly transester

33、ified by base-catalysed methanolysis. These substances occur primarily in lipids of products derived from whey. 10 Test report The test report shall specify: a) all information necessary for the complete identification of the sample; b) the sampling method used, if known; c) the test method used, to

34、gether with reference to this International Standard; d) all operating details not specified in this International Standard, or regarded as optional, together with details of any incidents which may have influenced the test result(s). ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) 4 ISO and IDF 2002 All rights r

35、eservedAnnex A (normative) Alternative procedure using acid-catalysed transesterification of glycerides A.1 Introduction If a partially hydrolysed milk fat is to be converted to fatty acid methyl esters, use acid-catalysed transesterification of glyceride-bound acids with concomitant esterification

36、of free fatty acids as specified in this annex. A.2 Reagents Use only reagents of recognized analytical grade, unless otherwise specified, and distilled or demineralized water or water of equivalent purity. A.2.1 Sulfuric acid, 20(H 2 SO 4 ) = 1,84 g/ml. A.2.2 Methanol, containing not more than a ma

37、ss fraction of 0,5 % water. A.2.3 Esterification reagent. While cooling, add slowly 1 ml of sulfuric acid (A.2.1) to 15 ml of methanol (A.2.2). A.3 Apparatus Usual laboratory equipment and, in particular, the following. A.3.1 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest 10 mg. A.3.2 Graduated pipette

38、s, of capacities 1 ml and 5 ml. A.3.3 Glass ampoules, of capacity 5 ml. Instead of glass ampoules, another suitable derivatization vial of similar dimensions may be used, provided that a leaktight closure prevents losses of volatile esters. A.3.4 Oven, capable of operating at between 100 C and 110 C

39、 or water bath, capable of boiling. A.4 Preparation of test sample Prepare the test sample as specified in Clause 8. ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reserved 5A.5 Procedure Weigh, to the nearest 10 mg, 2 g of the prepared sample into a glass ampoule (A.3.3). Add 0,4 ml

40、 of esterification reagent (A.2.3). Flame seal the glass ampoule. Heat the glass ampoule and its contents for 3 h in the oven (A.3.4) set at between 100 C and 110 C, with intermittent mixing of the ampoule contents. Cool the glass ampoule and its contents to room temperature and allow for complete p

41、hase separation. Open the glass ampoule and take an aliquot of the upper phase for further analysis. Dilution of the formed esters with an appropriate solvent may be necessary. ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) 6 ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reservedBibliography 1 ISO 707, Milk and milk products Guidance on sampling ISO 15884:2002(E) IDF 182:2002(E) ICS 67.100.10 Price based on 6 pages ISO and IDF 2002 All rights reserved