1、 ISO 2016 Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services Part 2: Geometry Structures de donnes pour catalogues lectroniques de produits pour les services du btiment Partie 2: Gomtrie INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16757-2 First edition 2016-11-15 Reference number ISO 16757-2:201
2、6(E) ISO 16757-2:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includin
3、g photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel.
4、 +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 16757-2:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Catalogue structure and catalogue information . 2 5 Geometry 4 5.1 Shapes . 6 5.2 Symbolic shapes . 6 5.3 Space data 6
5、 5.3.1 Overall space . 6 5.3.2 Minimum operation space . 7 5.3.3 Access space . 7 5.3.4 Placement and transportation space 7 5.3.5 Installation space. 7 5.4 Surfaces . 7 5.5 Ports . 7 6 Methodology of geometric description . 8 6.1 Principle of geometric representation . 8 6.2 Level of detail . 8 6.3
6、 Surfaces 10 6.4 Ports 12 6.5 Generation of parameter values for the geometry 13 7 Geometry elements .15 7.1 CSG form primitives .18 7.2 CSG sheet metal primitives 18 7.3 Expanded CSG primitives 19 7.4 Mapping of ISO 16757 geometry to parametrizable STEP and IFC geometry 19 Annex A (normative) Addit
7、ional geometry elements 23 Bibliography .82 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 16757-2:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards i
8、s normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take par
9、t in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particu
10、lar the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of thi
11、s document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.
12、iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to t
13、he World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works, Subcommittee SC 13, Organization of information about construct
14、ion works. A list of all the parts in the ISO 16757 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 16757-2:2016(E) Introduction There is a growing need for electronic, machine-readable, digital information about building services. The designers in building services have t
15、o execute detailed calculations and simulations to ensure saving of energy and to satisfy hygienic and comfort criteria in heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and sanitary plants. Designers must have access to more complete and more accurate documentation to address these needs. The resulting de
16、signs have to describe the complete building services system without internal interference to avoid collision with other systems and components and the building structure. These requirements can only be achieved with modern building services applications such as computer- aided design (CAD) and comp
17、uter-aided engineering (CAE) systems, calculation programmes, BIM tools, and management software. The software systems need exact data of the used plant components because each component contributes to the performance of the whole building. Thus, an international standard is required to provide the
18、models and definitions for product catalogue data exchange. Such a standard eliminates the need to manage different data formats or to use different manufacturer- specific software systems to deal with products of different manufacturers. The standard will lead to a significant reduction of costs fo
19、r manufacturers and users. Integrating this data into building information modelling (BIM) systems allows data interchange between information technology (IT) systems. In addition to the benefits of planning, there will be further advantages for other software solutions, such as facility management
20、and life-cycle management. This part of ISO 16757 offers for the first time an interface which allows the uniform handling of data about technical, maintenance and service, as well as geometry, images, video and text information. The objectives of this part of ISO 16757 are to facilitate automatic i
21、ntegration of catalogue data of all manufacturers in engineering applications such as CAD, CAE, dimensioning and calculation systems, uniform product selection across manufacturers, dimensioning of products using manufacturers algorithms, possibility to recalculate and re-simulate the whole system w
22、ith data of all building services components as often as required, and standardized representation of technical data for data exchange and life-cycle management. This part of ISO 16757 specifically provides definitions and specifications for modelling and exchanging geometric information of building
23、 services components. ISO 16757-1 gives the overview about the standard and the rationale for its elements and organization. This document defines the geometric elements which are used to represent the products in ISO 16757 catalogues. ISO 16757-3 defines the script language used in ISO 16757 (all p
24、arts) for various purposes. ISO 16757-4 contains IDM descriptions for ISO 16757 (all parts), including process descriptions for those processes which are to be supported by the standard and it comprises the rules for mapping of product and the property descriptions to IFC and for defining properties
25、 semantically with IFD. ISO 16757-5 defines an exchange format in XML by which electronic catalogues can be exchanged according to the definitions of ISO 16757 (all parts). The exchange format will be specified as an XML Schema Definition (XSD). The content parts of ISO 16757 will define standardize
26、d properties for the product groups and the composition of the technical data model. Furthermore, the content parts of ISO 16757 determine the specific programming function-interfaces to layout, calculate and simulate the products. ISO 2016 All rights reserved v Data structures for electronic produc
27、t catalogues for building services Part 2: Geometry 1 Scope This part of ISO 16757 describes the modelling of building services product geometry. The description is optimized for the interchange of product catalogue data and includes shapes for representing the product itself, symbolic shapes for th
28、e visualization of the products function in schematic diagrams, spaces for functional requirements, surfaces for visualization, and ports to represent connectivity between different objects. The shape and space geometry is expressed as Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) based on geometric primitives
29、concatenated to boundary representations by Boolean operations. This part of ISO 16757 uses the applicable primitives from ISO 10303-42 and from ISO 16739 and adds primitives which are required for the special geometry of building services products. For symbolic shapes, line elements are also used.
30、This part of ISO 16757 neither describes the inner structure and internal functionality of the product nor the manufacturing information because this is typically not published within a product catalogue. Building services products can have millions of variant dimensions. To avoid the exchange of mi
31、llions of geometries, a parametric model is introduced which allows the derivation of variant-specific geometries from the generic model. This is necessary to reduce the data to be exchanged in a catalogue to a manageable size. The parametric model will result in smaller data files, which can be eas
32、ier transmitted during data exchanges. The geometry model used does not contain any drawing information such as views, line styles or hatching. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this
33、document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16757-1, Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services Part 1: Concepts, architecture and model ISO
34、6707-1, Buildings and civil engineering works Vocabulary Part 1: General Terms 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16757-1 and ISO 6707-1 and the following apply. INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 16757-2:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved
35、 1 ISO 16757-2:2016(E) ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/ /www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/ /www.iso.org/obp 3.1 product shape geometric representation of th
36、e space defined by the products external boundaries 3.2 product surface coloured and textured outer boundary of the products shape whose rendered appearance responds to relative lighting and viewing angles 3.3 port located, oriented and directed feature of the products geometry model (1) for connect
37、ing the product with other ports to transfer media or (2) to fasten the product to other products, accessories, walls, ceilings, floors, etc. or (3) for executing control 3.4 solid model complete representation of the nominal shape of a product such that all points in the interior are connected and
38、that any point can be classified as being inside, outside or on the boundary of a solid. SOURCE: ISO 10303-42:2014, 6.4.1 3.5 parametrizable primitive solid model of a defined primitive solid, e.g. a block, cylinder, sphere or cone whose dimensions are represented by parameters to generate variants
39、3.6 constructive solid geometry CSG type of geometric modelling in which a solid is defined as the result of a sequence of regularised Boolean operations operating on solid models SOURCE: ISO 10303-42 3.7 clipping operation applied to a geometric model to remove parts of the model beyond a defined b
40、oundary 4 Catalogue structure and catalogue information All kinds of product data in the scope of ISO 16757 can be transmitted in a product catalogue data file. The catalogue structure which is explained in more depth in ISO 16757-1 is depicted in Figure 1.2 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 16757-2:
41、2016(E) Figure 1 Overview of the elements of a catalogue and the kinds of properties ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3 ISO 16757-2:2016(E) 5 Geometry Geometry objects are representation objects in a catalogue. They can represent a product, an accessory or a part of one of them (see Figure 2). Figure 2
42、Overview of the geometric elements of a catalogue and the kind of data objects4 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 16757-2:2016(E) Geometry contains different kinds of geometric data: shapes; symbolic shapes; spaces; surfaces; ports. The shapes, symbolic shapes and spaces are built by CSG trees. The l
43、eaves are geometric primitives (see Clause 7). For each primitive, a number of attributes have been defined which have to be supplied with concrete values to build the respective shapes. The inner nodes are CSG operators which also may have attributes that need to be fed by values. In the same way,
44、attributes are specified for ports, and by filling in specific values for the attributes, specific ports are described. To support the representation of a number of variants, each geometric representation is abstract, i.e. the attributes are not filled by fixed values for each product. Rather, the a
45、ttribute values are described by formulas which use geometric properties as their parameters. These geometric properties are defined by the manufacturer, i.e. they are specific for the catalogue and may be different from catalogue to catalogue. The geometric properties provide specific values for ea
46、ch product. They have to be computed for each product on the basis of the technical property values of that specific product variant. Thus, they are derived properties, and they are provided with a function which computes the actual value of the property for a given product variant (see ISO 16757-1)
47、. Some geometric properties may also be dynamic, i.e. they depend not only on the product properties, but also on conditions in the environment of the installed product. A single product can consist of one or more components (see Figure 3). Each component of such a product shall be described as a se
48、parate geometric entity. Figure 3 Single product (heater with heat exchanger and water storage) as an assembly of components ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5 ISO 16757-2:2016(E) 5.1 Shapes Shapes support the visualization of the product as a 3D geometry model (see Figure 4). In addition, they are requ
49、ired for interference checking with other shapes and spaces in the building model or the building services system model surrounding the building services product. Figure 4 Shape of a valve 5.2 Symbolic shapes In addition to shapes, symbolic shapes are useful for the understanding of the model in visualizations and drawings. To illustrate, a 3D representation of a valves shape cannot give information provided by a symbolic shape, e.g. a valve symbol will give additional information abou
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