ISO 16840-4-2009 Wheelchair seating - Part 4 Seating systems for use in motor vehicles《轮椅座 第4部分 汽车中使用的座椅系统》.pdf

1、 Reference number ISO 16840-4:2009(E) ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16840-4 First edition 2009-03-15 Wheelchair seating Part 4: Seating systems for use in motor vehicles Siges de fauteuils roulants Partie 4: Systmes dassise dans les vhicules moteurs ISO 16840-4:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF f

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5、O 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the

6、 country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedISO 16840-4:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword i

7、v Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Design requirements 6 4.1 Reduction of sharp edges 6 4.2 Accommodation of vehicle-anchored occupant restraints 6 5 Performance requirements 7 5.1 Frontal impact test 7 5.2 Accommodation of vehicle-anchored occupant

8、belt restraints 8 6 Identification, labelling, user instructions, warning and disclosure requirements . 8 6.1 Identification and labelling 8 6.2 Pre-sale literature 9 6.3 User instructions 9 6.4 User warnings . 9 7 Documentation of compliance 10 7.1 General. 10 7.2 Test report . 10 7.3 Frontal impac

9、t test 11 7.4 Design, labelling and literature requirements . 11 Annex A (normative) Test method for frontal impact test . 12 Annex B (normative) Specifications for the surrogate wheelchair base used for impact testing of a seating system. 19 Annex C (informative) Wheelchair seating system Static te

10、st method 24 Annex D (normative) Test method for rating the seating systems accommodation of vehicle- anchored belt restraints. 33 Annex E (informative) Recommended user instructions and user warnings 37 Bibliography . 40 ISO 16840-4:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the Internati

11、onal Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been

12、 established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standa

13、rdization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for

14、voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all

15、such patent rights. ISO 16840-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. ISO 16840 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wheelchair seating: Part 1: Vocabulary, reference axis convention and mea

16、sures for body segments, posture and postural support surfaces Part 2: Determination of physical and mechanical characteristics of devices intended to manage tissue integrity Seat cushions Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices Part 4: Seat

17、ing systems for use in motor vehicles ISO 16840-4:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved v Introduction Transportation safety research has demonstrated that the design of the vehicle seat, the occupant restraints and seat compartment in motor vehicles play a vital role in protecting the occupant in th

18、e event of a crash. For some wheelchair users, it is not feasible to transfer to the seat provided by the vehicle manufacturer and they must remain seated in their wheelchair while travelling in a vehicle. ISO 7176-19 provides a means of evaluating the design and frontal crashworthiness performance

19、of complete wheelchairs when used as forward-facing seats in motor vehicles. However, it is common practice that a seating system from one manufacturer and a wheelchair base from another manufacturer be used to form the complete wheelchair. Wheelchair seating systems may also be intended for use on

20、multiple models of wheelchair bases. For this reason, there is a need to be able to evaluate the design and performance of wheelchair seating systems independent of the commercial wheelchair bases on which they may be installed. This part of ISO 16840 provides a means of assessing frontal impact cra

21、shworthiness of seating systems without the host wheelchair by using a surrogate wheelchair base. Manufacturers may choose to not test customized variations of a given seating system. The manufacturer may test a representative variation of the seating system and it is for the manufacturer to documen

22、t how the results of this test would apply to the limitations in use and instructions for use supplied with the product. This part of ISO 16840 is intended to encourage safer motor vehicle transportation of wheelchair users by increasing the availability of wheelchair seating systems that comply wit

23、h basic principles of occupant protection. This part of ISO 16840 should not be used to deny or limit wheelchair user access to motor vehicle transportation. Currently this part of ISO 16840 addresses only complete wheelchair seating systems and the test requirements are representative of frontal im

24、pact conditions. However, future versions may address testing of the individual components of the seating system as well as other directions of impact such as side or rear. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16840-4:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1 Wheelchair seating Part 4: Seating systems for use in

25、 motor vehicles 1 Scope This part of ISO 16840 specifies test methods and requirements for design and performance, for instructions and warnings and for product marking and labelling of seating systems intended to be used as a forward-facing seat in a motor vehicle when fitted to a manual or powered

26、 wheelchair. It evaluates the frontal crashworthiness performance of complete seating systems for occupancy by adults or children of mass equal to or greater than 22 kg. This part of ISO 16840 only applies to complete wheelchair seating systems including attachment hardware, designed to be used with

27、 a wheelchair base tested as part of a wheelchair system that conforms to ISO 7176-19 performance requirements and that has securement points for use with four-point, strap-type tiedowns. This part of ISO 16840 applies to seating systems designed to be used with occupant restraints that anchor eithe

28、r to the vehicle, the tiedown system, the seating system or the wheelchair base. Seating systems that are intended only for use with a specific wheelchair base should be tested to ISO 7176-19 using the specifically intended wheelchair base. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents a

29、re indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 898-7, Mechanical properties of fasteners Part 7: Torsional test and minimum torq

30、ues for bolts and screws with nominal diameters 1 mm to 10 mm ISO 6487, Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation ISO 7176-19:2008, Wheelchairs Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles ISO 10542-1:2001, Technical systems and aids for disabled or

31、 handicapped persons Wheelchair tiedown and occupant-restraint systems Part 1: Requirements and test methods for all systems ISO 10542-2, Technical systems and aids for disabled or handicapped persons Wheelchair tiedown and occupant-restraint systems Part 2: Four-point strap-type tiedown systems FMV

32、SS 201, Standard No. 201, Occupant protection in interior impact. (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards), 49 CFR 571.201 ECE Regulation 21, Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to their interior fittings, Revision 2, Amendment 2 ASTM E527-83 (2003), Standard Practice

33、for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS) ISO 16840-4:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 adult person having a mass equal to or greater than 43 kg 3.2 anchor point location on a vehicle interior

34、component, floor, wall, wheelchair, or wheelchair tiedown, to which an anchorage (3.3) is attached 3.3 anchorage assembly of components and fittings by which loads are transferred directly from the wheelchair tiedown to the vehicle, or from the occupant restraint to the vehicle, wheelchair, wheelcha

35、ir tiedown or vehicle interior component 3.4 anthropomorphic test device ATD articulated physical analogue used to represent a wheelchair occupant in a test 3.5 attachment hardware mechanical means of attaching a seating system to the wheelchair frame EXAMPLE Metal or plastic hooks, nuts or bolts. 3

36、6 back support angle angle of the back support reference plane with reference to a vertical plane NOTE Measurement method specified in ISO 7176-7. 3.7 back support surface component of seating system intended to support the posterior surface of the sacral, lumbar and/or thoracic segments of the tru

37、nk 3.8 back support reference plane plane associated with the back support of the wheelchair, which is referenced to make measurements NOTE Method for determining the location of this reference plane specified in ISO 7176-7. 3.9 belt length of webbing material used as part of an occupant restraint o

38、r postural support 3.10 child person having a mass equal to or greater than 22 kg and less than 43 kg 3.11 custom contoured uniquely shaped to match the wheelchair occupant ISO 16840-4:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3 3.12 excursion horizontal movement of an ATD (3.4) or wheelchair during a te

39、st relative to its initial position on an impact sled 3.13 forward facing orientation in which the wheelchair-seated occupant faces the front of the vehicle, with the reference plane within ten degrees of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle 3.14 four-point tiedown wheelchair tiedown that attaches t

40、o the wheelchair frame at four separate securement points and also attaches to the vehicle at four separate anchor points 3.15 four-point strap-type tiedown four-point tiedown (3.14) that uses four strap assemblies to secure the wheelchair in the vehicle 3.16 H-point point located on the left and ri

41、ght side of the pelvic region of an ATD (3.4) that represents the approximate location of the human hip joint centre in the side view, as specified by the ATD manufacturer 3.17 head support postural aid to support the head of a wheelchair occupant, not designed or intended to provide head restraint

42、in a vehicle impact 3.18 head restraint device intended to limit rearward excursion of the wheelchair occupants head in a vehicle impact 3.19 impact simulator device for applying a programme of acceleration and deceleration modes to a section of a vehicle or simulated vehicle structures, including i

43、nstrumentation for measuring data required by this part of ISO 16840 3.20 impact sled part of an impact simulator (3.19) on which components can be mounted for impact testing 3.21 occupant restraint system or device intended to restrain a motor vehicle occupant during impact in order to prevent ejec

44、tion, and prevent or minimize contact with the vehicle interior components and other occupants 3.22 pelvic-belt restraint lap-belt restraint portion of the occupant restraint intended to limit movement of the pelvis by application of restraint forces to the pelvis See Figure 1. ISO 16840-4:2009(E) 4

45、 ISO 2009 All rights reservedKey 1 shoulder-belt restraint 2 pelvic-belt restraint Figure 1 Three-point-belt restaint comprised of a pelvic-belt restraint and a shoulder-belt restraint that connect together near the hip of the occupant 3.23 point P side-view projection of a point on the seating syst

46、em which lies at the cross-sectional centre of a 100 mm diameter, 200 mm long, cylinder with a maximum weight of 0,5 kg positioned with the longitudinal axis perpendicular to the wheelchair reference plane, such that the curved surface of the cylinder is in contact with the seat and back support sur

47、faces See Figure 2. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 cylinder, diameter 100 mm 2 point P aWheelchair reference plane. bWheelchair ground plane. Figure 2 Seating system reference point P and wheelchair reference and ground planes ISO 16840-4:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5 3.24 postural support

48、 device component and/or belt used to support a person in a desired seated position during normal wheelchair use NOTE Postural support devices are not designed or intended to provide occupant restraint on vehicle impact. 3.25 seat plane angle angle of seat reference plane (3.27) with reference to a

49、horizontal plane NOTE Measurement method specified in ISO 7176-7. 3.26 seat support surface component of seating system intended to support the inferior surface of the buttocks and thighs 3.27 seat reference plane plane associated with the seat of the wheelchair, which is referenced to make measurements NOTE Methods for determining the location of this reference plane are specified in ISO 7176-7. 3.28 seating system seat and back support surfaces and their attachment hardware 3.29 securement points point