ISO 1998-4-1998 Petroleum industry - Terminology - Part 4 Refining《石油工业 名词术语 第4部分 炼制 两种语言版》.pdf

1、AReference numberNumro de rfrenceISO 1998-4:1998(E/F)INTERNATIONALSTANDARDNORMEINTERNATIONALEISO1998-4First editionPremire dition1998-11-01Petroleum industry Terminology Part 4:RefiningIndustrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 4:RaffinageCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided

2、 by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) ISO 1998All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronicor mechanica

3、l, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. / Droits de reproduction rservs. Saufprescription diffrente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucunprocd, lectronique ou mcanique, y co

4、mpris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de lditeur.International Organization for StandardizationCase postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 SwitzerlandInternet isoiso.chPrinted in Switzerland/Imprim en SuisseiiForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide fed

5、eration of national standards bodies (ISOmember bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technicalcommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established hasthe right to be represented on that committ

6、ee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.Draft International Standards adopted by the technic

7、al committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.International Standard ISO 1998-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products andlubricants, Subcommittee

8、 SC 1, Terminology.This first edition, together with the other seven parts of ISO 1998, cancels and replaces all of the first edition, whichwas composed of two parts (ISO 1998-1:1974 and ISO 1998-2:1976).This new edition constitutes a full recast of the standard, with a new classification system for

9、 all terms of the twoparts of the first edition, which are now distributed in all parts of the new edition, and the addition of many newterms.ISO 1998 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum industry Terminology: Part 1: Raw materials and products Part 2: Properties and te

10、sts Part 3: Exploration and production Part 4: Refining Part 5: Transport, storage, distribution Part 6: Measurement Part 7: Miscellaneous terms Part 99: General and indexCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or n

11、etworking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- ISOISO 1998-4:1998(E/F)iiiAvant-proposLISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux denormalisation (comits membres de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie auxcomits t

12、echniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comittechnique cr cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, enliaison avec lISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commissionlectro

13、technique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique.Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pourvote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des comitsmembres vo

14、tants.La Norme internationale ISO 1998-4 a t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 28, Produits ptroliers etlubrifiants, sous-comit SC 1, Terminologie.Cette premire dition, conjointement avec les sept autres parties de lISO 1998, annule et remplace la totalit de lapremire dition qui comprenait deux p

15、arties (ISO 1998-1:1974 et ISO 1998-2:1976).Cette nouvelle dition constitue une refonte complte de la norme, avec un nouveau systme de classification destermes des deux parties de la premire dition, qui se trouvent maintenant rpartis sur lensemble des parties de lanouvelle dition, et lajout de nombr

16、eux nouveaux termes.LISO 1998 comprend les parties suivantes, prsentes sous le titre gnral Industrie ptrolire Terminologie: Partie 1: Matires premires et produits Partie 2: Proprits et essais Partie 3: Exploration et production Partie 4: Raffinage Partie 5: Transport, stockage, distribution Partie 6

17、: Mesurage Partie 7: Termes divers Partie 99: Gnralits et indexCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Organization for Standardization Pr

18、ovided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTERNATIONAL STANDARDNORME INTERNATIONALEISO ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F)1Petroleum industry Terminology Part 4:RefiningIndustrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 4:Raffinage1 ScopeThis part o

19、f ISO 1998 consists of a list of equivalentEnglish and French terms, in use in the petroleumindustry in the area of refining, together with thecorresponding definitions in the two languages.ISO 1998 is intended to cover the purposes of the partof the petroleum industry dealing with crude oils andpet

20、roleum products, that means all related operationsarising from the production field to the final user. It isnot intended to cover either petroleum equipment, orany operation in the field. However, some pieces ofequipment or some operations of exploration andproduction are defined. The corresponding

21、terms wereintroduced only when they appear in a definition of aproduct or process and when their definition wasfound necessary for understanding or for avoiding anyambiguity. Where a terminology of petroleumequipment is needed, it corresponds to the scope ofISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offsho

22、restructures for petroleum and natural gas industries.1 Domaine dapplicationLa prsente partie de lISO 1998 comporte une liste determes quivalents anglais et franais en usage danslindustrie ptrolire pour dsigner le raffinage,accompagns des dfinitions correspondantes dansles deux langues.LISO 1998 est

23、 destine aux besoins de lindustrieptrolire dans les domaines correspondants auxptroles bruts et aux produits ptroliers, cest-dire toutes les oprations prenant place entre la productionsur champ et lutilisation finale. Elle nentend pascouvrir le domaine des quipements ptroliers ni celuides oprations

24、sur champ. Cependant, certainsquipements ou certaines oprations dexploration etde production sont dfinis. Ces termes nont tintroduits que lorsquils apparaissaient dans ladfinition dun produit ou dun procd et quand leurdfinition semblait ncessaire la comprhension ouafin dviter toute ambigut. La termi

25、nologie enmatire dquipement ptrolier relve de lacomptence de lISO/TC 67, Matriel, quipement,structures en mer, pour les industries du ptrole et dugaz naturel.2 Normative referenceThe following standard contains provisions which,through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis Internation

26、al Standard. At the time of publication,the edition indicated was valid. All standards aresubject to revision, and parties to agreements basedon this International Standard are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recentedition of the standard indicated below. Members ofIEC

27、and ISO maintain registers of currently validInternational Standards.2 Rfrence normativeLa norme suivante contient des dispositions qui, parsuite de la rfrence qui en est faite, constituent desdispositions valables pour la prsente Normeinternationale. Au moment de la publication, lditionindique tait

28、 en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette rvision et les parties prenantes des accords fondssur la prsente Norme internationale sont invites rechercher la possibilit dappliquer ldition la plusrcente de la norme indique ci-aprs. Les membresde la CEI et de lISO possdent le registre desCopyright Internation

29、al Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) ISO2ISO 1998-99:1), Petroleum industry Terminology Part 99: General and index.Normes internationales en vigueur un momentd

30、onn.ISO 1998-99:1), Industrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 99: Gnralits et index.3 Term numberingThe general classification and numbering system usedin ISO 1998 employs digits grouped in threecategories:x.yy.zzzwherex is the part number of ISO 1998, in this casePart 4;yy is the subcategory in which

31、the term appears.Part 4 has six subcategories:10 operations20 processing without conversion30 processing with conversion40 petrochemical process50 equipment utilities60 miscellaneouszzz is the serial number of the individual term.3 Numrotation des termesLe systme gnral de classification et denumrota

32、tion, dfini dans lISO 1998, est de la forme:x.yy.zzzox est le numro de partie de lISO 1998, iciPartie 4;yy dsigne la sous-catgorie dans laquelle leterme apparat. La Partie 4 a six sous-catgories:10 fonctionnement20 traitement sans conversion30 traitement avec conversion40 procds pour la ptrochimie50

33、 quipement utilits60 diverszzz est le numro dordre de chaque terme.4 IndexSee ISO 1998-99.4 IndexSe reporter lISO 1998-99.5 Order of listingTerms are listed in serial number order.5 Prsentation des termesLa liste suivante est classe selon lordre numrique._1) To be published._1) publier.Copyright Int

34、ernational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- ISOISO 1998-4:1998(E/F)34.10 Operations 4.10 Fonctionnement4.10.010refluxin distilling operations, portion of the distillatereturning

35、to the column4.10.010refluxau cours dune distillation, partie du condensat quiretourne dans la colonne4.10.011reflux ratioratio of the volume of the reflux from the top to thevolume of distillate withdrawn from a distillationcolumn4.10.011taux de refluxrapport en volume du reflux de tte celui du dis

36、tillatextrait dune colonne de distillation4.10.012internal refluxliquid that returns inside a distillation column in normaloperation4.10.012reflux interneliquide redescendant dans une colonne de distillationen fonctionnement normal4.10.020distillation pressurepressure measured at the top of the colu

37、mn during adistillation operation4.10.020pression de distillationpression mesure au niveau de la tte de colonnedans une opration de distillation4.10.030dynamic hold-upquantity of material held at a given moment in adistillation column in normal operation4.10.030retenue dynamiquequantit de matire con

38、tenue un moment donndans une colonne de distillation en fonctionnementnormal4.10.031static hold-upquantity of material retained in a distillation columnwhen the distillation is finished, i.e. after the tower orpacking is allowed to drain4.10.031retenue statiquequantit de liquide retenue dans une col

39、onne dedistillation quand la distillation est termine, cest dire aprs que la colonne ou le remplissage aientcommenc se vider4.10.040pressure droppressure difference between two points in a fluid4.10.040perte de chargediffrence de pression dun fluide entre deux pointsNOTE In a plate-type column, the

40、pressure drop is atleast equal to the sum of the depths of liquid on the plateswhich the vapour traverses throughout the column.NOTE Dans le cas dune colonne plateaux rels, laperte de charge est au minimum gale la somme deshauteurs de couches liquides que la vapeur traverse danslensemble des plateau

41、x.4.10.050flash vaporizationinstantaneous vaporizationpartial or total vaporization obtained by suddenreduction of pressure4.10.050vaporisation instantanevaporisation partielle ou totale obtenue par dtentebrusque4.10.051vaporization rateboil-up ratevolume of liquid vaporized per unit of time4.10.051

42、taux de vaporisationvolume de liquide vaporis par unit de tempsCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) ISO44.10.052floodingphenomenon that up

43、sets the normal operation of adistillation column due to an excessive speed ofvapour travelling up the column, preventing liquidfrom flowing4.10.052engorgementphnomne perturbant le fonctionnement normaldune colonne de distillation provoqu par une vitesseexcessive de la vapeur traversant cette colonn

44、e,empchant le liquide de redescendre dans la colonne4.10.053steamagesteamoutexpulsion of a product by injection of steam4.10.053chasse la vapeurexpulsion dun produit par injection de vapeur deau4.10.060gapinterval of temperature separating the final boilingpoint of one fraction from the initial poin

45、t of thefollowing fraction in a distillation under standardconditions4.10.060cartintervalle de temprature sparant le point final dunecoupe du point initial de la coupe suivante dans uneopration de distillation effectue dans des conditionsnormalises4.10.061overlapinterval of temperature common to two

46、 successivefractions4.10.061recouvrementintervalle de temprature commun deux fractionssuccessivesNOTE It is expressed as the interval of temperaturebetween the initial boiling point of the heavier fraction andthe final boiling point of the lighter fraction.NOTE Il sexprime par lintervalle de temprat

47、ure entre lepoint initial de distillation de la fraction la plus lourde et lepoint final de distillation de la fraction la plus lgre.4.10.065tower top temperaturetemperature of the saturated vapour phase measuredat the top of the column, during a distillation operation4.10.065temprature de ttetempra

48、ture de la phase vapeur sature mesure auniveau de la tte de colonne dans une opration dedistillation4.10.070filter cakerelatively compact bed of solid or semi-solid materialformed on the filter during a filtration operation4.10.070gteau de filtrationcouche plus ou moins compacte de produits solidesou semi-solides forme sur le filtre pendant uneopration de filtration4.10.080theoretical pl