ISO 1998-7-1998 Petroleum industry - Terminology - Part 7 Miscellaneous terms《石油工业 名词术语 第7部分 其他术语 两种语言版》.pdf

1、AReference numberNumro de rfrenceISO 1998-7:1998(E/F)INTERNATIONALSTANDARDNORMEINTERNATIONALEISO1998-7First editionPremire dition1998-11-01Petroleum industry Terminology Part 7:Miscellaneous termsIndustrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 7:Termes diversCopyright International Organization for Standardi

2、zation Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 1998-7:1998(E/F) ISO 1998All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electro

3、nicor mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. / Droits de reproduction rservs. Saufprescription diffrente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucunprocd, lectronique ou

4、 mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de lditeur.International Organization for StandardizationCase postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 SwitzerlandInternet isoiso.chPrinted in Switzerland/Imprim en SuisseiiForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is

5、a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISOmember bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technicalcommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established hasthe right to be represented

6、on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.Draft International Standards adopted

7、 by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.International Standard ISO 1998-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products andlubricant

8、s, Subcommittee SC 1, Terminology.This first edition, together with the other seven parts of ISO 1998, cancels and replaces all of the first edition, whichwas composed of two parts (ISO 1998-1:1974 and ISO 1998-2:1976).This new edition constitutes a full recast of the standard, with a new classifica

9、tion system for all terms of the twoparts of the first edition, which are now distributed in all parts of the new edition, and the addition of many newterms.ISO 1998 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum industry Terminology: Part 1: Raw materials and products Part 2: Pr

10、operties and tests Part 3: Exploration and production Part 4: Refining Part 5: Transport, storage, distribution Part 6: Measurement Part 7: Miscellaneous terms Part 99: General and indexCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo re

11、production or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- ISOISO 1998-7:1998(E/F)iiiAvant-proposLISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux denormalisation (comits membres de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral con

12、fie auxcomits techniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comittechnique cr cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, enliaison avec lISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la C

13、ommissionlectrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique.Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pourvote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des c

14、omitsmembres votants.La Norme internationale ISO 1998-7 a t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 28, Produits ptroliers etlubrifiants, sous-comit SC 1, Terminologie.Cette premire dition, conjointement avec les sept autres parties de lISO 1998, annule et remplace la totalit de lapremire dition qui co

15、mprenait deux parties (ISO 1998-1:1974 et ISO 1998-2:1976).Cette nouvelle dition constitue une refonte complte de la norme, avec un nouveau systme de classification destermes des deux parties de la premire dition, qui se trouvent maintenant rpartis sur lensemble des parties de lanouvelle dition, et

16、lajout de nombreux nouveaux termes.LISO 1998 comprend les parties suivantes, prsentes sous le titre gnral Industrie ptrolire Terminologie: Partie 1: Matires premires et produits Partie 2: Proprits et essais Partie 3: Exploration et production Partie 4: Raffinage Partie 5: Transport, stockage, distri

17、bution Partie 6: Mesurage Partie 7: Termes divers Partie 99: Gnralits et indexCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Organization for Sta

18、ndardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTERNATIONAL STANDARDNORME INTERNATIONALEISO ISO 1998-7:1998(E/F)1Petroleum industry Terminology Part 7:Miscellaneous termsIndustrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 7:T

19、ermes divers1 ScopeThis part of ISO 1998 consists of a list of equivalentEnglish and French terms, with the correspondingdefinitions, in use in the petroleum industry and thatare not definitely relevant to one of the six categoriesof other parts of this International Standard.ISO 1998 is intended to

20、 cover the purposes of the partof the petroleum industry dealing with crude oils andpetroleum products, that means all related operationsarising from the production field to the final user. It isnot intended to cover either petroleum equipment, orany operation in the field. However, some pieces ofeq

21、uipment or some operations of exploration andproduction are defined. The corresponding terms wereintroduced only when they appear in a definition of aproduct or process and when their definition wasfound necessary for understanding or for avoiding anyambiguity. Where a terminology of petroleumequipm

22、ent is needed, it corresponds to the scope ofISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshorestructures for petroleum and natural gas industries.1 Domaine dapplicationLa prsente partie de lISO 1998 comporte une liste determes quivalents anglais et franais en usage danslindustrie ptrolire et qui ne sont

23、pas attribuablesprcisment aux six catgories des autres partiesde la prsente Norme internationale. Ils sontaccompagns des dfinitions correspondantes dansles deux langues.LISO 1998 est destine aux besoins de lindustrieptrolire dans les domaines correspondants auxptroles bruts et aux produits ptroliers

24、 cest-dire toutes les oprations prenant place entre la productionsur champ et lutilisation finale. Elle nentend pascouvrir le domaine des quipements ptroliers ni celuides oprations sur champ. Cependant, certainsquipements ou certaines oprations dexploration etde production sont dfinis. Ces termes n

25、ont tintroduits que lorsquils apparaissaient dans ladfinition dun produit ou dun procd et quand leurdfinition semblait ncessaire la comprhension ouafin dviter toute ambigut. La terminologie enmatire dquipement ptrolier relve de lacomptence de lISO/TC 67, Matriel, quipement,structures en mer, pour le

26、s industries du ptrole et dugaz naturel.2 Normative referenceThe following standard contains provisions which,through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis International Standard. At the time of publication,the edition indicated was valid. All standards aresubject to revision, and par

27、ties to agreements basedon this International Standard are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent2 Rfrence normativeLa norme suivante contient des dispositions qui, parsuite de la rfrence qui en est faite, constituent desdispositions valables pour la prsente Normeintern

28、ationale. Au moment de la publication, lditionindique tait en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette rvision et les parties prenantes des accords fondssur la prsente Norme internationale sont invites Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for Res

29、aleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 1998-7:1998(E/F) ISO2edition of the standard indicated below. Members ofIEC and ISO maintain registers of currently validInternational Standards.ISO 1998-99:1), Petroleum industry Terminology Part 99: General and index.reche

30、rcher la possibilit dappliquer ldition la plusrcente de la norme indique ci-aprs. Les membresde la CEI et de lISO possdent le registre desNormes internationales en vigueur un momentdonn.ISO 1998-99:1), Industrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 99: Gnralits et index.3 Term numberingThe general classific

31、ation and numbering system usedin ISO 1998 employs digits grouped in threecategories:x.yy.zzzwherex is the part number of ISO 1998, in this casePart 7;yy is the subcategory in which the term appears.Part 7 has four subcategories:00 terms relating to the automobile10 terms relating to lubricants90 mi

32、scellaneous terms95 new terms99 acronymszzz is the serial number of the individual term.3 Numrotation des termesLe systme gnral de classification et denumrotation, dfini dans lISO 1998, est de la formex.yy.zzzox est le numro de partie de lISO 1998, iciPartie 7;yy dsigne la sous-catgorie dans laquell

33、e leterme apparat. La partie 7 a quatre sous-catgories:00 termes se rapportant lautomobile10 termes en liaison avec les lubrifiants90 termes divers95 nouveaux termes99 acronymeszzz est le numro dordre de chaque terme.4 IndexSee ISO 1998-99.4 IndexSe reporter lISO 1998-99.5 Order of listingTerms are

34、listed in serial number order.5 Prsentation des termesLa liste suivante est classe selon lordre numrique.6 Introduction of new termsAll new terms will, in a first step, be introduced insubcategory 7.95, before they are included in therelated part when a revision is decided upon.6 Introduction de nou

35、veaux termesTous les nouveaux termes seront inclus en premiretape dans la sous-catgorie 7.95, puis rpartis dansles parties appropries lorsque les rvisions de celles-ci auront t dcides._1) To be published._1) publier.Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under licen

36、se with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- ISOISO 1998-7:1998(E/F)37.00 Terms relating to theautomobile7.00 Termes se rapportant lautomobile7.00.001driveabilityoverall proper operation of an engine7.00.001agrment de conduitefonctionnement harmonieu

37、x dun moteurNOTE For example : ease of starting, absence of roughrunning and unexpected stops.NOTE Par exemple : facilit de dmarrage, absencedhsitation ou darrts intempestifs.7.00.010self-ignitionignition of the air-fuel mixture in a spark ignitionengine other than by the passage of the spark7.00.01

38、0autoallumagedans un moteur allumage command, allumage dumlange air-combustible par une source autre quunetincelleNOTE Self-ignition may accompany any kind of abnormalignition : pre-ignition, post-ignition and run-on.NOTE Il correspond tous les cas dallumage anormal :prallumage, postallumage et rall

39、umage.7.00.011pre-ignitionignition of the air-fuel mixture in a spark ignitionengine occurring before the passage of the spark7.00.011prallumageallumage avant ltincelle du mlange air-combustibledans un moteur allumage commandNOTE Generally, the gases are ignited by contact withhot surfaces such as t

40、he exhaust valve or the spark plug.NOTE Gnralement, il sagit dune inflammation des gazau contact des parois chaudes: soupape dchappement oubougie.7.00.012post-ignitionignition of a portion of the air-fuel mixture in a spark-ignition engine occurring later than and independentlyof the passage of the

41、normal ignition spark and beforethe arrival of the flame front7.00.012post allumagedans un moteur allumage command, allumagedune partie du mlange air-combustible aprs etindpendamment de ltincelle (allumage normal) etavant larrive du front de flammeNOTE It is sometimes associated with knocking. NOTE

42、Il est parfois associ au cliquetis.7.00.013run-oncontinued running of a spark-ignition engine after thenormal ignition source has been shut off, the air-fuelmixture igniting by contact with hot surfaces orresidual gas7.00.013rallumagefonctionnement dun moteur allumage commandaprs que lallumage ait t

43、 coup, le mlange air-combustible continuant de senflammer au contactdes parois et des gaz rsiduels chauds7.00.014knockingphenomenon, often audible, caused by self-ignition ofthe air/fuel mixture in a spark-ignition engine7.00.014cliquetisphnomne, souvent audible, provoqu par lauto-allumage du mlange

44、 air/carburant dans un moteur allumage command7.00.020vapour lockaccumulation of motor gasoline vapour in the fuelsystem of an engine in sufficient amounts to disturbor prevent the flow of fuel7.00.020bouchon de vapeuraccumulation de vapeur de carburant dans le circuitdalimentation dun moteur, en qu

45、antits suffisantespour perturber ou empcher lcoulement ducarburantCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 1998-7:1998(E/F) ISO47.00.030sludge in an enginedepo

46、sit, principally composed of engine oil, fuelresidues and oxidation products which does not drainfrom engine parts, but which can be removed bywiping with a soft cloth7.00.030boue dans un moteurdpt principalement compos dhuile moteur, dersidus de carburant et de produits doxydation qui nepeut pas sv

47、acuer des pices du moteur mais quipeut tre enlev au moyen dun chiffon doux7.00.040varnish in an enginelacquerhard, dry, generally lustrous deposit, sometimescalled lacquer, which cannot be removed by wipingwith a soft cloth7.00.040vernis dans un moteurlaquedpt dur, sec, gnralement brillant, parfois

48、appellaque, qui ne peut tre enlev au moyen dun chiffondoux7.00.050warm-upperiod necessary for an engine to attain thetemperature required for normal operation7.00.050mise en actionpriode ncessaire pour quun moteur allumagecommand atteigne la temprature requise pourfonctionner normalement7.10 Terms relating to lubricants 7.10 Termes en liaison avec