ISO 20187-2016 Inflatable play equipment - Safety requirements and test methods《充气游乐设备 安全要求和试验方法》.pdf

1、 ISO 2016 Inflatable play equipment Safety requirements and test methods quipements de jeux gonflables Exigences de scurit et mthodes dessai INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20187 First edition 2016-02-15 Reference number ISO 20187:2016(E) ISO 20187:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECT

2、ED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior

3、written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 2

4、0187:2016(E)Foreword v Introduction vi 1 Scope .1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Safety requirements .4 4.1 Materials . 4 4.1.1 Fabrics . 4 4.1.2 Thread . 4 4.1.3 Netting 4 4.1.4 Ropes 5 4.1.5 Zips 5 4.1.6 Dangerous substances and decorative finishes . 5 4.2 Design . 5 4.2.1 A

5、nchorage 5 4.2.2 Structural Integrity 6 4.2.3 Access/Egress. 7 4.2.4 Blowers .10 4.2.5 Entrapment 10 4.2.6 Hard objects, sharp angles, and edges .14 4.2.7 Electrical installations 14 4.2.8 Siting 14 4.2.9 Containment .16 4.2.10 Wall heights on slopes 17 4.2.11 Run-out18 4.2.12 Ventilation 18 4.3 Num

6、ber of users .18 4.4 Supervision .19 5 Test methods and reports 19 6 Information to be provided by the supplier/manufacturer .19 6.1 General product information .19 6.2 Pre-information .19 6.3 Installation information .20 6.4 Operating information .20 6.5 Inspection and maintenance information 21 7

7、Inspection, maintenance, and alteration .21 7.1 Inspection .21 7.1.1 Routine Inspection 21 7.1.2 Annual inspection 21 7.2 Maintenance .22 7.2.1 General.22 7.2.2 Routine maintenance 22 7.2.3 Corrective maintenance 22 7.3 Alteration 22 8 Marking .22 9 Documentation 23 Annex A (normative) Calculation o

8、f number of anchor-points .24 Annex B (informative) Beaufort Scale of wind force .25 Annex C (normative) Test method for grounding 26 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 20187:2016(E)Annex D (normative) Test methods for entrapment .27 Annex E (normative) Test method for tear strength

9、37 Bibliography .42 iv ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 20187:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO techn

10、ical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely

11、with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria need

12、ed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

13、rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in

14、 this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barrie

15、rs to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 83, Sports and other recreational facilities and equipment. ISO 2016 All rights reserved v ISO 20187:2016(E) Introduction Play is the means by which children discover a

16、nd understand the world in which they live and is an essential element in a childs physical and mental growth. It is important for childrens rounded development that, through play, they arrive at an understanding of danger which provides a basis for assessing safety in a variety of situations. The b

17、alance between challenge and safety is an important consideration. The inflatable play equipment referred to in this International Standard can provide different levels of challenge and recreation. This International Standard aims to minimize the level of risk and the possibility of serious injury w

18、hile allowing children to enjoy themselves when playing in or on inflatable equipment. This International Standard acknowledges the difficulties of addressing safety issues by age criteria alone because the ability to handle risk is based on the individual users level of skill and not age. Moreover,

19、 users other than the intended age range will make use of the inflatable equipment, in which case, the provisions of this International Standard still apply. It is not the purpose of the requirements of this International Standard to affect a childs need to play, nor to lessen the contribution that

20、inflatable play equipment makes either to the childs development or meaningful play from an educational point of view. Where inflatable play equipment is combined with other items of childrens playground equipment, the relevant standards applying to the other items of equipment is to also be consult

21、ed.vi ISO 2016 All rights reserved Inflatable play equipment Safety requirements and test methods 1 Scope This International Standard is applicable to inflatable play equipment intended for use by children up to 14 years of age individually and as a group activity. This International Standard specif

22、ies safety requirements for inflatable play equipment for which the primary activities are bouncing and sliding. It sets measures to address risks and also to minimize accidents to users for those involved in the design, manufacture, and supply of inflatable play equipment. It specifies information

23、to be supplied with the equipment. The requirements have been laid down bearing in mind the risk factor based on available data. This International Standard specifies the requirements that will protect a child from hazards that he or she may be unable to foresee when using the equipment as intended

24、or in a manner that can be reasonably anticipated. This International Standard is not applicable to inflatable water-borne play and leisure equipment, domestic inflatable toys, air-supported buildings, inflatables used solely for protection, inflatables used for rescue, or other types of inflatable

25、toys where the primary activity is not bouncing or sliding. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the la

26、test edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2307, Fibre ropes Determination of certain physical and mechanical properties ISO 8124-3, Safety of toys Part 3: Migration of certain elements ISO 9554, Fibre ropes General specifications ISO/IEC 17025, General requireme

27、nts for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) EN 1177, Impact attenuating playground surfacing Determination of critical fall height 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and d

28、efinitions apply. NOTE In order not to confine the application of this International Standard to those items of equipment currently in use, and hence, allow freedom of design for the manufacture of new equipment, only the fundamental forms of equipment and motion are listed. 3.1 inflatable play equi

29、pment structure relying on a continuous supply of air to maintain its shape on or in which users may play, bounce, and/or slide Note 1 to entry: Also referred to as an/the inflatable. INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 20187:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1 ISO 20187:2016(E) a) Flat-bed (4 open sides

30、) b) Castle (3 walled sides, 1 open side) c) A-frame inflatable (3 walled sides, 1 open side) d) Bounce/Slide combination e) Multi-play centre f) Obstacle course g) Inflatable slide h) Enclosed inflatable i) Soft mountain Figure 1 Examples of inflatable play equipment 3.2 blower powered machine used

31、 to continuously inflate the structure 3.3 connection tube part of the inflatable structure to which the blower (3.2) is connected 3.4 controller person, company, or hirer (those who hire to others) having responsibility for the overall control, inspection, and maintenance of the equipment 3.5 opera

32、tor person appointed by a controller (3.4) to be in charge of the operation of the equipment at any time when it is available for use by the public 3.6 attendant person working under the control and direction of an operator (3.5) to assist in the operation of the equipment2 ISO 2016 All rights reser

33、ved ISO 20187:2016(E) 3.7 inspection body organization, part of an organization or individual with the appropriate competence to carry out one or more of the following inspections: design review; assessment of conformity to design; initial testing; annual main inspection 3.8 free height of fall grea

34、test vertical distance from the clearly intended body support to the impact area (3.16) below SOURCE: ISO 8124-4:2014, 3.8, modified 3.9 critical fall height maximum free heights of fall for which a surface will provide an acceptable level of impact attenuation 3.10 open side any external side of an

35、 inflatable with no containing wall 3.11 step step to aid the access/egress of users into and out of the playing area (3.22) of the inflatable making the transition between the height of the playing area and the ground 3.12 ramp ramp to aid the access/egress of users into and out of the playing area

36、 (3.22) of the inflatable making the transition between the height of the playing area and the ground 3.13 platform surface on which a user may stand 3.14 squeeze play item which is often attached to and forms part of inflatable play equipment (3.1), the purpose of which is to squeeze the user whils

37、t not entrapping them while allowing the user to pass through a gap with a degree of difficulty 3.15 entrapment hazard in which a body, or part of a body, or clothing, can become trapped 3.16 impact area area surrounding the open side(s) (3.10) of an inflatable 3.17 run-out intended deceleration zon

38、e at the bottom of a slide 3.18 anchorage system method of fixing an inflatable to the ground using stakes ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3 ISO 20187:2016(E) 3.19 ballast system method of fixing an inflatable to the ground using weights 3.20 user height maximum height of persons allowed to use the inf

39、latable 3.21 free space space in, on, or around the inflatable that can be occupied by a user undergoing a movement forced by the equipment (for example, sliding, bouncing) 3.22 playing area space in or on the inflatable intended for play 3.23 falling space space in or around the inflatable that can

40、 be passed through by a user falling from an elevated part of the equipment Note 1 to entry: The falling space commences at the free height of fall (3.8). 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Materials 4.1.1 Fabrics Fabrics shall be flame retardant. Fabrics and joints in fabrics shall be of adequate tear and t

41、ensile strength for the weight of the intended user and have sufficient air retention to enable the inflatable, when pressurized to the level specified in the operations manual, to resume its shape after distortion under load. The following fabrics shall be used in those structural parts of the infl

42、atable where force or stress is applied by the user: a) minimum tear strength 350 N (see test method Annex E); b) minimum tensile strength 1 850 N (see ISO 1421); c) minimum coating adhesion 100 N (see ISO 2411). 4.1.2 Thread Threads shall be non-rotting yarn and at least 88 N tensile strength. Stit

43、ching shall be lock-stitch. The length of individual stitches shall be a minimum of 3 mm and a maximum of 8 mm. 4.1.3 Netting Retention netting is commonly used to define the playing area to contain the users and to retain items of mobile play equipment, such as balls. Retention netting shall not si

44、gnificantly impair visibility. Retention netting shall be strong enough to contain the largest/heaviest user for whom the inflatable is designed. In order to prevent users from climbing retention netting the mesh size, where the netting is more than 1 m vertical height and accessible to the user, sh

45、all be 30 mm or less to exclude users feet.4 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 20187:2016(E) Where netting is used for roofs and is accessible to the user, the mesh size shall be small enough to prevent the 8 mm finger rod from passing through (see Figure 2). Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2 8 mm f

46、inger rod Clamber netting (commonly laid on slopes to form foot and hand holds) shall be securely fixed to prevent lifting by the user. The rope from which it is made shall be at least 12 mm in diameter and shall be securely knotted. Strand ends shall be treated to prevent fraying. Care shall be tak

47、en when heat sealing so as not to form hard or sharp edges. 4.1.4 Ropes Ropes shall be fixed at both ends and the total amplitude of swing shall not exceed 20 % of the distance between the fixing points, such that it shall not be possible to make a loop in the rope of large enough diameter to allow

48、probe E to pass through (see Figure D.1). NOTE This requirement is intended to remove the risk of strangulation. The rope diameter shall be between 18 mm and 45 mm. Fibre ropes (textile type) shall conform to ISO 9554 or ISO 2307. Alternatively, a works certificate shall be supplied stating the mate

49、rial used and the safe working load. Monofilament plastics ropes shall not be used. 4.1.5 Zips Zips shall withstand air pressures and tension generated within the structure. Zips used for entrances and exits shall be reliable, easy to use, able to open from both sides, and shall allow access and egress by adults. Zips used for deflation purposes shall have the puller hidden from view (e.g. by a flap or pocket). 4.1.6 Dangerous substances and decorative finishes Dangerous substances shall not be used for inflatabl