ISO 20632-2008 Reaction-to-fire tests - Small room test for pipe insulation products or systems《火灾反应试验 管道绝缘产品或系统用小室试验》.pdf

1、 Reference number ISO 20632:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20632 First edition 2008-04-01 Reaction-to-fire tests Small room test for pipe insulation products or systems Essais de raction au feu Essai en chambre de petite taille de produits ou systmes de calorifugeage de tuyauterie ISO 20

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5、elow. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the add

6、ress below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 20632:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights re

7、served iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 2 5 Test room. 2 6 Ignition source 2 7 Hood and exhaust duct 4 8 Instrumentation in the exhaust duct. 4 8.1 Volume flow rate . 4 8.2 Gas analysis 4 8.3 Optical density 4

8、 9 System performance 6 9.1 Calibration . 6 9.2 System response 6 9.3 Precision 6 10 Preparation of test specimens 6 10.1 Test specimen configuration. 6 10.2 Mounting of insulation on pipes . 6 10.3 Dimensions of test specimen 7 11 Testing . 7 11.1 Initial conditions . 7 11.2 Test procedure 8 12 Sen

9、sitivity analysis. 8 13 Precision data . 8 14 Test report . 9 Annex A (normative) Test specimen configuration 10 Annex B (normative) Calculations15 Annex C (informative) Design of exhaust system. 20 Annex D (informative) Instrumentation in exhaust duct 23 Bibliography . 29 ISO 20632:2008(E) iv ISO 2

10、008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in

11、a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commissi

12、on (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical c

13、ommittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall n

14、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 20632 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 1, Fire initiation and growth. ISO 20632:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Introduction The test method described in this document is inten

15、ded to assess the fire performance of a pipe insulation product, supported on a steel pipe, under controlled conditions. The method can be used as part of a fire hazard assessment that takes into account all of the factors that are pertinent to a particular end use of a pipe insulation product. INTE

16、RNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20632:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Reaction-to-fire tests Small room test for pipe insulation products or systems Caution So that suitable precautions can be taken to safeguard health, the attention of all concerned in fire tests is drawn to the possibility that toxi

17、c or harmful gases can be evolved during combustion of the test specimen. The test procedures involve high temperatures and combustion processes from ignition to a fully developed room fire. Therefore, hazards can exist for burns, ignition of extraneous objects or clothing. The operators should use

18、protective clothing, helmet, face-shield and equipment for avoiding exposure to toxic gases. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a test method for determining the reaction to fire performance of pipe insulation products and some pipe insulation systems installed in a small room. The scenar

19、io is valid for fires in a room where pipe insulation products are installed within building applications, e.g. pipe and duct rooms in public buildings, apartment blocks, hospitals and ships. This method is suitable for products that cannot be tested in a small-scale test, or for correlation of smal

20、l-scale test data. The method can also serve as a reference scenario for pipe insulation products or for systems fitted in a room within a building or a ship. The method is not suitable for pipe insulation in concealed spaces, such as a horizontal or a vertical shaft. This method is not intended for

21、 evaluating the fire resistance of pipe insulation systems. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (i

22、ncluding any amendments) applies. ISO 9705:1993, Fire tests Full-scale room test for surface products ISO 13943, Fire safety Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 and the following apply. 3.1 pipe insulation product thermal

23、ly-insulating material or product that covers a pipe NOTE One layer is an insulating material, such as mineral or glass wool or cellular plastics. Facings on one or both sides can protect this insulating layer. Facings can be selected from a variety of materials, such as aluminium foil or glass fibr

24、e reinforced resin. The insulating material can be preformed, sprayed or wrapped around the pipe. ISO 20632:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.2 pipe insulation system system comprising the pipe, the pipe insulation product, a product to keep the joint together such as tape or steel wire, possi

25、bly a finish layer or jacketing and pipe hangers NOTE Pipe hangers can be fitted on the steel pipe (hot applications) or on the insulation product (cold applications). 4 Principle The test methodology for determining the reaction to fire performance of pipe insulation products consists of assessing

26、the following hazards: the potential of fire growth along the lines of pipes in the room by measurement of heat release rate, HRR; the potential for sustained fire and subsequent spread by measurement of the total heat release, THR; the potential to reach flashover and spread fire outside the room;

27、reduced visibility by the measurement of light-obscuring smoke; potential for discontinuous fire spread by observation of flaming droplets/particles. 5 Test room The test room dimensions, the position and size of the doorway and the construction material shall be as described in ISO 9705. 6 Ignition

28、 source The ignition source shall be identical to the recommended standard ignition source described in Annex A of ISO 9705:1993. The position of the burner shall be 50 mm above floor level. The ignition source shall be a propane gas burner having a square top surface layer of a porous, inert materi

29、al, e.g. sand. The burner shall have face dimensions of 170 mm 170 mm and a height of 200 mm above the floor (see Figure 1). The construction shall be such that an even gas flow is achieved over the entire opening area. The ignition source is a propane gas burner that consumes relatively large amoun

30、ts of gas. The attention of all concerned in fire tests is therefore drawn to the following warning. WARNING All equipment such as tubes, couplings, flowmeters, etc., shall be approved for propane and installed according to good practice. For reasons of safety, the burner should be equipped with a r

31、emote-controlled ignition device, for example, a pilot flame or a glow wire. There should be a warning system for gas leakage and a valve for immediate and automatic cut-off of the gas supply in case of extinction of the ignition flame. ISO 20632:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 Dimensions in

32、millimetres Key 1 gas inlet 2 sand (2 mm 3 mm) 3 brass wire gauze (1,8 mm) 4 gravel (4 mm 8 mm) 5 brass wire gauze ( 2,8 mm) Figure 1 Standard ignition source (top view and cross section A-A) ISO 20632:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reservedThe burner shall be placed on the floor in a corner opposite

33、 to the doorway wall. The burner walls shall be in contact with the specimen. The burner shall be supplied with propane with a purity of at least 95 %. The gas flow to the burner shall be measured to an accuracy of at least 3 %. The heat output to the burner shall be controlled to within 5 % of the

34、prescribed value. The burner power output, based on the net (lower) calorific value of propane, shall be 100 kW during the first 10 min and then shall be increased to 300 kW for a further 10 min. 7 Hood and exhaust duct The system for collecting the combustion products shall have such a capacity and

35、 be designed in such a way that all of the combustion products leaving the fire room through the doorway during a test are collected. The system shall not disturb the fire-induced flow in the doorway. The maximum exhaust capacity shall be at least 3,5 m 3s 1at normal pressure and a temperature of 25

36、 C. NOTE An example of one design of hood and an exhaust duct is given in Annex C. 8 Instrumentation in the exhaust duct 8.1 Volume flow rate The volume flow rate in the exhaust duct shall be measured to an accuracy of at least 5 %. The response time to a stepwise change of the duct flow rate shall

37、be a maximum of 1 s at 90 % of the final value. 8.2 Gas analysis 8.2.1 Sampling line The gas samples shall be taken in the exhaust duct at a position where the combustion products are uniformly mixed. The sampling line shall be made from an inert material which will not influence the concentration o

38、f the gas species to be analysed. (See Annex D.) 8.2.2 Oxygen The oxygen consumption shall be measured to an accuracy of at least 0,05 % (volume fraction) oxygen. The oxygen analyser shall have a time constant not exceeding 3 s. (See Annex D.) 8.2.3 Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide The gas species

39、 shall be measured using analysers having an accuracy of at least 0,1 % (volume fraction) for carbon dioxide and 0,02 % (volume fraction) for carbon monoxide. The analysers shall have a time constant not exceeding 3 s. (See Annex D.) 8.3 Optical density 8.3.1 General The optical density of the smoke

40、 shall be determined by measuring the light obscuration with a system consisting of a lamp, lenses, an aperture and a photocell (see Figure 2). The system shall be constructed in such a way as to ensure that soot deposits during the test do not reduce the light transmission by more than 5 %. ISO 206

41、32:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5 8.3.2 Lamp The lamp shall be of the incandescent filament type and shall operate at a colour temperature of 2 900 K 100 K. The lamp shall be supplied with stabilized direct current, stable to within 0,2 % (including temperature, short-term and long-term stab

42、ility). 8.3.3 Lenses The lens system shall align the light to a parallel beam with a diameter, D, of at least 20 mm. 8.3.4 Aperture The aperture shall be placed at the focus of the lens L2 as shown in Figure 2 and it shall have a diameter, d, chosen with regard to the focal length, f, of L2 so that

43、d/f is less than 0,04. 8.3.5 Detector The detector shall have a spectrally distributed responsivity agreeing with the CIE 1) , V ( )-function (with CIE photopic curves to an accuracy of at least 5 %. The detector output shall be linear to within 5 % over an output range of at least 3,5 decades. 8.3.

44、6 Location The light beam shall cross the exhaust duct along its diameter at a position where the smoke is homogenous. Key 1 wall of exhaust duct 2 lamp 3 aperture 4 detector L1 and L2: lenses of focal length f Figure 2 Optical system 1) Commission internationale dclairage (International Commission

45、on Illumination). ISO 20632:2008(E) 6 ISO 2008 All rights reserved9 System performance 9.1 Calibration A calibration test shall be performed prior to each test or continuous test series. NOTE Equations for calculations are given in Annex B. The calibration shall be performed at the burner heat outpu

46、ts given in Table 1, with the burner positioned directly under the hood. Measurements shall be taken every 3 s and shall be started 1 min prior to ignition of the burner. At steady state conditions, the difference between the mean heat release rate over 1 min calculated from the measured oxygen cons

47、umption and that calculated from the metered gas input shall not exceed 5 % for each level of heat output. Table 1 Burner heat output profile Time Heat output min kW 0 to 2 0 2 to 7 100 7 to 12 300 12 to 17 100 17 to 19 0 9.2 System response The time delay for a stepwise change of the heat output fr

48、om the burner, when placed centrally 1 m below the hood, shall not exceed 20 s and shall be corrected for in-test data. The time delay for each step shall be determined by measuring the time taken to reach agreement to within 10 % of the difference between the initial and final measured heat release

49、 value, when going through the stepwise procedure given in Table 1, taking measurements at 3 s intervals. 9.3 Precision The precision of the system at various volume flow rates shall be checked by increasing the volume flow in the exhaust duct in four equal steps, starting from 2 m 3s 1(at 0,1 MPa and 25 C) up to maximum. The heat output from the burner shall be 300 kW. The error in the mean heat release rate, calculated over 1 min, shall be no more than 10 % of the actual heat out