ISO 21067-2-2015 Packaging - Vocabulary - Part 2 Packaging and the environment terms《包装 词汇 第2部分 包装和环境术语》.pdf

1、 ISO 2015 Packaging Vocabulary Part 2: Packaging and the environment terms Emballages Vocabulaire Partie 2: Emballages et termes de lenvironnement INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21067-2 First edition 2015-12-01 Reference number ISO 21067-2:2015(E) ISO 21067-2:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reserved COPYR

2、IGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, wi

3、thout prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.i

4、so.org ISO 21067-2:2015(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definitions . 1 2.1 Basic and general terms 1 2.2 Terms related to optimization of the packaging system . 2 2.3 Terms related to reuse of packaging 3 2.4 Terms related to material recycling of packaging . 5 2.5 Terms relat

5、ed to energy recovery of packaging . 5 2.6 Terms related to organic recycling of packaging . 6 2.7 Terms related to chemical recovery of packaging 7 Bibliography 8 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 21067-2:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is

6、a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represent

7、ed on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop

8、this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC

9、 Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the

10、development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning o

11、f ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 122, Pa

12、ckaging, Subcommittee SC 4, Packaging and environment. ISO 21067 consists of the following parts, under the general title Packaging Vocabulary: Part 1: General terms Part 2: Packaging and the environment termsiv ISO 2015 All rights reserved ISO 21067-2:2015(E) Introduction In order to implement the

13、“Packaging and the environment” series of International Standards, all those involved in the packaging chain including economic operators, public and local authorities and consumers will be dealing with many terms related to packaging and in particular to used packaging. Some of the definitions in t

14、hat series of International Standards are self-supporting but some make reference to other standards. In order to facilitate a good understanding of the International Standards in the field of packaging and the environment, this part of ISO 21067 aims to provide a complete glossary of the terms defi

15、ned in that series of International Standards, providing, where appropriate, additional notes to make these definitions understandable without reference to other documents. The following principles are used as a basis: no preference is implied between the different methods of recovery; no preference

16、 is implied between different packaging materials. ISO 2015 All rights reserved v Packaging Vocabulary Part 2: Packaging and the environment terms 1 Scope This part of ISO 21067 defines terms used in the field of packaging and the environment. It does not include terminology already covered by ISO 2

17、1067-1 or other International Standards such as ISO 14050. 2 T erms a nd definiti ons 2.1 Basic and general terms 2.1.1 packaging component part of packaging that can be separated by hand or by using simple physical means SOURCE: ISO 18601:2013, 3.11 2.1.2 packaging constituent part from which packa

18、ging or its components are made and which cannot be separated by hand or by using simple physical means SOURCE: ISO 18601:2013, 3.12 2.1.3 packaging waste packaging that has been used by the final consumer or end user and which is discarded for final disposal and is not intended for reuse or recover

19、y SOURCE: ISO 18601:2013, 3.15 2.1.4 used packaging packaging that has been used by the final consumer or end user and which is destined for reuse or recovery SOURCE: ISO 18601:2013, 3.24 2.1.5 recyclable characteristic of a product, packaging or associated component that can be diverted from the wa

20、ste stream through available processes and programmes and can be collected, processed and returned to use in the form of raw materials or products SOURCE: ISO 18604:2013, 3.6 INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 21067-2:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1 ISO 21067-2:2015(E) 2.1.6 supplier entity responsi

21、ble for placing packaging or packaged goods on the market Note 1 to entry: The term “supplier” in normal usage can relate to various points in a supply chain. For the purpose of ISO 18601, it relates to any point in the supply chain where a transaction relating to packaging or packaged goods takes p

22、lace. SOURCE: ISO 18601:2013, 3.22 2.1.7 emptier person or entity who empties a package SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.10 2.2 Terms related to optimization of the packaging system 2.2.1 packaging system complete set of packaging for a packaged good, encompassing one or more of the following that are appl

23、icable (depending on the packaged goods): Primary packaging, Secondary packaging, Tertiary (distribution or transport) packaging SOURCE: ISO 18602:2013, 3.6 2.2.2 packaging optimization process for the achievement of a minimum adequate weight or volume (source reduction) for meeting the necessary re

24、quirements of primary or secondary or transport packaging, when performance and user/consumer acceptability remain unchanged or adequate, thereby reducing the impact on the environment SOURCE: ISO 18602:2013, 3.1 2.2.3 critical area(s) specific performance criterion/criteria which prevents further r

25、eduction of weight or volume without endangering functional performance, safety and user/consumer acceptability SOURCE: ISO 18602:2013, 3.2 2.2.4 substances chemical elements and their compounds in the natural state or obtained by any production process, including any additive necessary to preserve

26、stability, and any impurity deriving from the production process used, but excluding any solvent which may be separated without affecting the stability of the substance or changing its composition SOURCE: ISO 18602:2013, 3.7 2.2.5 mixture preparation or solutions composed of two or more substances (

27、2.2.4) SOURCE: ISO 18602:2013, 3.82 ISO 2015 All rights reserved ISO 21067-2:2015(E) 2.2.6 safety data sheet documentation providing comprehensive information about a substance (2.2.4) or mixture (2.2.5) Note 1 to entry: The UN Globally Harmonized System (3rd revised edition) Part 1 and Annex 4 - re

28、quires that documentation should be provided to users of the substance or mixtures and to contain the required information. SOURCE: ISO 18602:2013, 3.9 2.2.7 substances hazardous to the environment any substances (2.2.4) classified as presenting an environmental hazard according to the UN Globally H

29、armonized System for Classification and Labeling of Chemicals and its amendments (GHS) (3rd revised edition), Part 4, whilst meeting the criteria of labeling with the environmental hazard pictogram Note 1 to entry: This is a general classification of substances hazardous to the environment and canno

30、t be taken as specifically relating to substances used in packaging. SOURCE: ISO 18602:2013, 3.12 2.3 Terms related to reuse of packaging 2.3.1 reuse operation by which packaging is refilled or used for the same purpose for which it was conceived, with or without the support of auxiliary products (2

31、.3.7) present on the market enabling the packaging to be refilled Note 1 to entry: Non reusable items that support packaging reuse, such as labels or closures, are considered to be part of that packaging. SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.1 2.3.2 reusable packaging packaging or packaging component (2.1.1) w

32、hich has been designed to accomplish or proves its ability to accomplish a minimum number of trips or rotations in a system for reuse (2.3.6) SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.2 2.3.3 trip transfer of packaging, from filling/loading to emptying/unloading Note 1 to entry: See ISO 18603:2013, Annex A. SOURCE:

33、 ISO 18603:2013, 3.3, modified 2.3.4 rotation cycle undergone by reusable packaging (2.3.2) from filling/loading to filling/loading Note 1 to entry: See ISO 18603:2013, Annex A. SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.4, modified ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3 ISO 21067-2:2015(E) 2.3.5 packaging used for the same

34、 purpose packaging which, having completed a rotation (2.3.4), is subsequently reused with the original conception, in a system for reuse EXAMPLE Reuse of pallets, loaded originally with dairy products and now loaded with house bricks is reuse for the same purpose. Note 1 to entry: Attention should

35、be paid to the intended use and function of the packaging in order to verify whether it is being reused for the same purpose or a secondary use. In the latter case, the packaging is not considered as reusable packaging for the purpose of ISO 18603. SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.5, modified 2.3.6 systems

36、 for reuse established arrangements (organizational, technical or financial) which ensure the possibility of reuse (2.3.1) Note 1 to entry: Within the scope of ISO 18603, the “systems” currently recognized are listed (see ISO 18603:2013, Clause 6 for further information). SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.6

37、, modified 2.3.6.1 closed loop system system in which packaging is reused by a company or a co-operating group of companies SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.6.1 2.3.6.2 open loop system system in which packaging is reused amongst unspecified companies SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.6.2 2.3.6.3 hybrid system sys

38、tem consisting of two parts: a) packaging, remaining with the end user, for which there exists no redistribution system leading to commercial refilling; b) packaging, used as an auxiliary product (2.3.7) to transport the contents to the reusable packaging (2.3.2). SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.6.3 2.3.7

39、 auxiliary product products used to support the refilling/loading of reusable packaging (2.3.2) Note 1 to entry: Auxiliary products are one way products and are therefore not covered by ISO 18603. An example of an auxiliary product is a detergent pouch used to refill a container at home. SOURCE: ISO

40、 18603:2013, 3.7, modified 2.3.8 reconditioning operations necessary to restore a reusable packaging (2.3.2) to a functional state for further reuse (2.3.1) SOURCE: ISO 18603:2013, 3.84 ISO 2015 All rights reserved ISO 21067-2:2015(E) 2.4 Terms related to material recycling of packaging 2.4.1 materi

41、al recycling reprocessing, by means of a manufacturing process, of a used packaging (2.1.4) material into a product, a component incorporated into a product, or a secondary (recycled) raw material; excluding energy recovery (2.5.1) and the use of the product as a fuel Note 1 to entry: References to

42、recycling in ISO 18604 refer to material recycling. Other options for recycling or recovery are not considered in ISO 18604. SOURCE: ISO 18604:2013, 3.3, modified 2.4.2 recycling process physical or chemical process which converts collected and sorted used packaging (2.1.4), together in some instanc

43、es with other material, into secondary (recycled) raw materials, products or substances (2.2.4), excluding energy recovery (2.5.1) and the use of the product as a fuel SOURCE: ISO 18604:2013, 3.5 2.4.3 empty packaging packaging is empty if, under normal and foreseeable circumstances, all product res

44、idues that can be removed by the emptier (2.1.7) have been removed using practices commonly employed for that type of packaging SOURCE: ISO 18604:2013, 3.1 2.4.4 primary raw material virgin raw material material which has never been processed into any form of end-use product SOURCE: ISO 18604:2013,

45、3.2 2.4.5 packaging unit unit which serves a packaging function such as the containment, protection, handling, delivery, storage, transport and presentation of goods Note 1 to entry: See ISO 18604:2013, Annexes C and D. SOURCE: ISO 18604:2013, 3.4, modified 2.5 Terms related to energy recovery of pa

46、ckaging 2.5.1 energy recovery production of useful energy through direct and controlled combustion (2.5.2) SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008, 3.11 2.5.2 combustion incineration oxidation reaction covering both organic materials and metals Note 1 to entry: Modern incineration plants are able to decouple energy

47、efficiently and use it in the form of energy recovery. The term “incineration” in normal usage means the process of reducing solid waste volume by combustion with or without energy recovery. For the purpose of ISO 18605, they refer only to the incineration process with energy recovery. ISO 2015 All

48、rights reserved 5 ISO 21067-2:2015(E) SOURCE: ISO 18605:2013, 3.6, modified 2.5.3 available thermal energy fraction of the energy released on combustion (2.5.2) in a real industrial system which is transferred for example to the steam cycle of a boiler, i.e. the total released energy minus the therm

49、al losses SOURCE: ISO 18605:2013, 3.5 2.5.4 n e t c a l o r i f i c v a l u e a t c o n s t a n t v o l u m e absolute value of the specific energy of combustion (2.5.2) for unit mass of a solid fuel burned in oxygen under conditions of constant volume and such that all the water of the reaction products remains as water vapour (in a hypothetical state at 0,1 MPa), the other products being as for the gross calorific value, all at the reference temperature Note 1 t