1、 Reference number ISO 22899-1:2007(E) ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22899-1 First edition 2007-12-01 Determination of the resistance to jet fires of passive fire protection materials Part 1: General requirements Dtermination de la rsistance aux feux propulss des matriaux de protection passive c
2、ontre lincendie Partie 1: Exigences gnrales ISO 22899-1:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on
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5、nform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, with
6、out permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rig
7、hts reservedISO 22899-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword. v Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 3 5 Test configurations. 3 5.1 General. 3 5.2 Internal configuration. 5 5.3 External configuration 5 6 Construct
8、ion of the test items and substrates 5 6.1 General. 5 6.2 Material 5 6.3 Nozzle. 5 6.4 Flame re-circulation chamber 6 6.5 Protective chamber. 7 6.6 Panel test specimens (internal configuration).8 6.7 Structural steelwork test specimens (internal configuration) . 9 6.8 Tubular section test specimens
9、external configuration). 12 6.9 Assembly test specimens 13 7 Passive fire protection materials 15 7.1 General. 15 7.2 Panel test specimens . 15 7.3 Structural steelwork test specimens 16 7.4 Tubular section test specimens 16 7.5 Assembly specimens . 17 8 Instrumentation. 19 8.1 General. 19 8.2 Pane
10、l test specimens . 19 8.3 Structural steelwork test specimens 19 8.4 Tubular section test specimens 21 8.5 Assembly specimens . 22 9 Test apparatus and conditions 24 9.1 Nozzle geometry and position. 24 9.2 Fuel. 26 9.3 Test environment 26 10 Test procedure 26 11 Repeatability and reproducibility 29
11、 12 Uncertainty of measurement . 29 13 Test report . 30 14 Practical application of test results 31 14.1 General. 31 14.2 Performance criteria. 31 14.3 Factors affecting the validity of the test. 32 ISO 22899-1:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reserved15 Classification (optional) . 33 15.1 General . 3
12、3 15.2 Type of fire. 33 15.3 Type of application . 33 15.4 Critical temperature rise. 33 15.5 Period of resistance 33 15.6 Example of application of the rating . 34 Annex A (normative) Methods of fixing thermocouples. 35 Annex B (informative) Example test report 37 Bibliography . 40 ISO 22899-1:2007
13、E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body in
14、terested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechni
15、cal Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the
16、 technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
17、 ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22899-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire containment. ISO 22899 consists of the following parts, under the general title Determination of the resistance to jet fir
18、es of passive fire protection materials: Part 1: General requirements Further parts of ISO 22899 are planned for future publication. ISO 22899-1:2007(E) vi ISO 2007 All rights reservedIntroduction The test described in the procedure described in this part of ISO 22899 is one in which some of the pro
19、perties of passive fire protection materials can be determined. This test is designed to give an indication of how passive fire protection materials will perform in a jet fire. The dimensions of the test specimen may be smaller than typical items of structure and plant and the release of gas may be
20、substantially less than that which might occur in a credible event. However, individual thermal and mechanical loads imparted to the passive fire protection material, from the jet fire defined in the procedure described in this part of ISO 22899, have been shown to be similar to those by large-scale
21、 jet fires resulting from high-pressure releases of natural gas. NOTE 1 Guidance on the applicability of the test will be covered in a future part of ISO 22899. Although the method specified has been designed to simulate some of the conditions that occur in an actual jet fire, it cannot reproduce th
22、em all exactly and the thermal and mechanical loads do not necessarily coincide. The results of this test do not guarantee safety but may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment for structures or plant. This should also take into account all the other factors that are pertinent to an assessmen
23、t of the fire hazard for a particular end use. The test is not intended to replace the hydrocarbon fire resistance test (ISO/TR 834-3/EN 1363-2 2 ) but is seen as a complementary test. NOTE 2 Users of this part of ISO 22899 are advised to consider the desirability of third-party certification/inspec
24、tion/testing of product conformity with this part of ISO 22899. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22899-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Determination of the resistance to jet fires of passive fire protection materials Part 1: General requirements CAUTION the attention of all persons concerned with
25、 managing and carrying out this fire resistance test is drawn to the fact that fire testing may be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases may be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards may also arise during the construction of the test
26、 elements or structures, their testing and disposal of test residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health shall be made and safety precautions shall be identified and provided. Appropriate training shall be given to relevant personnel. 1 Scope This part of ISO 22899 describes
27、a method of determining the resistance to jet fires of passive fire protection materials and systems. It gives an indication of how passive fire protection materials behave in a jet fire and provides performance data under the specified conditions. It does not include an assessment of other properti
28、es of the passive fire protection material such as weathering, ageing, shock resistance, impact or explosion resistance, or smoke production. 2 Normative references ISO 630:1995, Structural steels Plates, wide flats, bars, sections and profiles ISO/TR 834-3, Fire-resistance tests Elements of buildin
29、g construction Part 3: Commentary on test method and test data application ISO 13702, Petroleum and natural gas industries Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations Requirements and guidelines 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the fo
30、llowing terms and definitions apply. 3.1 assembly unit or structure composed of a combination of materials or products, or both 3.2 cellulosic fire fire involving combustible material such as wood, paper, furniture, etc. ISO 22899-1:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.3 critical temperature maxi
31、mum temperature that the equipment, assembly or structure to be protected may be allowed to reach 3.4 critical time minimum time required to reach the critical temperature 3.5 fire barrier separating element that resists the passage of flame and/or heat and/or effluents for a period of time under sp
32、ecified conditions 3.6 fire resistance ability of an item to fulfil, for a stated period of time, the required stability and/or integrity and/or thermal insulation, and/or other expected duty (reaching the critical temperature) specified in a standard fire-resistance test 3.7 fire test procedure des
33、igned to measure or assess the performance of a material, product, structure or system to one or more aspects of fire 3.8 flame re-circulation chamber mild steel box, open at the front, into which the jet fire is directed giving a re-circulating flame resulting in a fireball NOTE Materials other tha
34、n mild steel may be used when appropriate. 3.9 integrity ability of a separating element, when exposed to fire on one side, to prevent the passage of flames and hot gases or occurrence of flames on the unexposed side, for a stated period of time in a standard fire resistance test 3.10 intermediate-s
35、cale test test performed on an item of medium dimensions NOTE A test performed on an item of which the maximum dimension is between 1 m and 3 m is usually called “an intermediate-scale test”. This part of ISO 22899 describes an intermediate-scale jet fire test. 3.11 jet fire ignited discharge of pro
36、pane vapour under pressure 3.12 jet nozzle assembly from which the flammable material issues 3.13 outside specimen diameter specimen diameter measured to the outer surface of the passive fire protection system on a tubular specimen 3.14 passive fire protection coating or cladding arrangement or free
37、standing system which, in the event of fire, will provide thermal protection to restrict the rate at which heat is transmitted to the object or area being protected ISO 22899-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 NOTE The term passive is used to distinguish the systems tested, including those sy
38、stems that react chemically e.g. intumescents, from active systems such as water deluge. 3.15 passive fire protection material coating or cladding that, in the event of a fire, will provide thermal protection to restrict the rate at which heat is transmitted to the object or area being protected 3.1
39、6 passive fire protection system removable jacket or inspection panel, cable transit system, pipe penetration seal or other such system that, in the event of a fire, will provide thermal protection to restrict the rate at which heat is transmitted to the object or area being protected 3.17 penetrati
40、on seal system used to maintain the fire resistance of a separating element at the position where there is provision for services to pass through the separating element 3.18 pool fire combustion of flammable or combustible hydrocarbon liquid spilled and retained on a surface 3.19 protective chamber
41、mild steel box, open at the front and back, which is designed to be attached to the rear of the flame re-circulation chamber to shield the rear of the flame re-circulation chamber from environmental influences NOTE A protective chamber is not required for tubular section tests but may be used to pro
42、vide additional stability to the flame re-circulation chamber. 4 Principle The method provides an indication of how passive fire protection materials perform in a jet fire that may occur, for example, in petrochemical installations. It aims at simulating the thermal and mechanical loads imparted to
43、passive fire protection material by large-scale jet fires (see Bibliography 3) resulting from high-pressure releases of flammable gas, pressure liquefied gas or flashing liquid fuels. Jet fires give rise to high convective and radiative heat fluxes as well as high erosive forces. To generate both ty
44、pes of heat flux in sufficient quantity, a 0,3 kg s 1sonic release of gas is aimed into a shallow chamber, producing a fireball with an extended tail. The flame thickness is thereby increased and hence so is the heat radiated to the test specimen. Propane is used as the fuel since it has a greater p
45、ropensity to form soot than does natural gas and can therefore produce a flame of higher luminosity. High erosive forces are generated by the release of the sonic velocity gas jet 1 m from specimen surface. 5 Test configurations 5.1 General There are two basic configurations under which the test can
46、 be operated: a) an internal configuration where one or more of the inner faces of the box incorporates the test construction; b) an external configuration where the test construction is installed on supports in front of the box. These two alternative configurations are shown in Figures 1 and 2. ISO
47、 22899-1:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres Key 1 protective chamber 2 jet nozzle 3 supports 4 flame re-circulation chamber either with coated inner surfaces or with the rear face replaced by a panel to form the test construction Figure 1 Layout for internal configuratio
48、n Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 flame re-circulation chamber 2 flame re-circulation chamber support 3 test construction 4 test construction support 5 jet nozzle Figure 2 Layout for external configuration ISO 22899-1:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 5 5.2 Internal configuration The internal tes
49、t configuration is used for determining the jet fire resistance of: a) protection systems for plane surfaces; b) protection systems for edge features; c) bulkheads and other separating elements; d) penetration systems used in conjunction with bulkheads. 5.3 External configuration The external test configuration is used for determining the jet fire resistance of protected hollow sections or assemblies mounted on hollow sections. 6 Construction of the test items and substrates 6.1 General The key items required
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