1、 Reference number ISO 28841:2013(E) ISO 2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28841 First edition 2013-06-01 Guidelines for simplified seismic assessment and rehabilitation of concrete buildings Lignes directrices pour lvaluation sismique simplifie et la rhabilitation des structures en bton ISO 28841:2013(
2、E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the addres
3、s below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedISO 28841:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reser
4、ved iiiContents Page Foreword . v Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 13 5 Limitations . 17 5.1 Occupancy . 17 5.2 Maximum number of stories 18 5.3 Maximum aspect ratios . 18 5.4 Maximum story height 18 5.5 Maximum difference
5、 in story height 18 5.6 Maximum difference in floor area 18 5.7 Maximum difference in story mass . 18 5.8 Maximum column offset . 18 5.9 Maximum span length . 18 5.10 Maximum difference in span length 18 5.11 Maximum cantilever span . 18 5.12 Maximum slope for slabs, girders, beams and joists 19 5.1
6、3 Maximum slope of the terrain 19 5.14 Distance between center of mass and center of rigidity . 19 6 Assessment and rehabilitation procedure 19 6.1 Procedure outline 19 6.2 Data collection . 20 6.3 Lateral load resisting system classification . 21 6.4 Material assessment . 21 6.5 Condition assessmen
7、t 21 6.6 Structural assessment 21 6.7 Rehabilitation design 21 6.8 Rehabilitation construction 21 6.9 Design documentation 21 7 General Guides 23 7.1 Limit states . 23 7.2 Ultimate limit state design format 23 7.3 Serviceability limit state design format . 24 8 Classification of the structure system
8、 of the building 24 8.1 Concrete frame systems . 24 8.2 Concrete wall systems 24 8.3 Concrete dual systems . 25 9 Condition assessment of structures damaged by a seismic event . 25 9.1 Material assessment . 25 9.2 Condition Assessment 28 9.3 Structural assessment 41 9.4 Final assessment . 41 10 Cond
9、ition assessment of existing structures 41 10.1 Vulnerability level 41 10.2 Actual condition of the structure . 42 ISO 28841:2013(E) iv ISO 2013 All rights reserved10.3 Seismic hazard . 43 10.4 Architectural layout . 45 10.5 Foundation . 50 10.6 Soil type 50 10.7 Quality aspects 50 10.8 Structural a
10、ssessment 51 10.9 Final assessment . 52 11 Rehabilitation analysis and design 54 11.1 Concrete Frame Systems 54 11.2 Concrete wall systems 54 11.3 Concrete frames with concrete infills 55 11.4 Foundation rehabilitation 55 11.5 Rehabilitation Measures for the structural system 55 12 Rehabilitation co
11、nstruction 57 12.1 Demolitions and debris retrieval 57 12.2 Cover retrieval 57 12.3 Surface preparations . 57 12.4 Adherence concerns . 58 12.5 Durability concerns . 58 Annex A (normative) Structural Assessment . 59 A.1 Resistance 59 A.2 Story drift 63 A.3 Energy dissipation level 65 A.4 Equivalent
12、equations for material factors . 69 A.5 Equivalent equations for material factors . 73 Bibliography 76 ISO 28841:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The wor
13、k of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governme
14、ntal, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in th
15、e ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives Attention is drawn to the possibilit
16、y that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of pate
17、nt declarations received. www.iso.org/patents Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 71, Concrete, reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete, Subcommittee
18、 SC 5, Simplified design standard for concrete structures. ISO 28841:2013(E) vi ISO 2013 All rights reservedIntroduction The aim of this International Standard is to provide rules for the earthquake resistant assessment and rehabilitation design and execution for existing structural concrete buildin
19、gs for which simplified procedures may be applied instead of more sophisticated and thorough analyses, in light of the simplicity, symmetry, and other characteristics of the structure under study. This International Standard is developed for countries that do not have existing national standards on
20、this subject and to offer, to local regulatory authorities anywhere, an alternative for the study of relatively small and simple buildings that abound in both rural and urban environments. The analysis and design rules are based in simplified worldwide-accepted strength models. This International St
21、andard is self-contained; therefore actions (loads), simplified analysis procedures and design specifications are included, as well as minimum acceptable construction practice guidelines. The minimum dimensional guidelines contained in this International Standard are intended to account for undesira
22、ble side effects that will otherwise require more sophisticated analysis and design procedures. Material and construction guidelines are aimed at site-mixed concrete as well as ready-mixed concrete, and steel of the minimum available strength grades. The earthquake resistance guidelines are included
23、 for rehabilitation of concrete buildings in the numerous regions of the world which lie in earthquake prone areas. The earthquake resistance of rehabilitated buildings is based upon the employment of structural concrete walls (shear walls) that limit the lateral deformations of the structure and pr
24、ovide for its lateral strength. This International Standard contains guidelines that can be modified by the national standards body due to local design and construction requirements and practices. These guidelines that can be modified are included using “boxed values“. The authorities in each member
25、 country are expected to review the “boxed values“ and may substitute alternative definitive values for these elements for use in the national application of this International Standard. Changes to boxed values shall not be made without thorough analyses and sound supporting studies. A great effort
26、was made to include self-explanatory tables, graphics, and design aids to simplify the use of this International Standard and provide foolproof procedures. Notwithstanding, the economic implications of the conservatism inherent in approximate procedures as a substitute for sound and experienced engi
27、neering should be a matter of concern to the designer that employs the document, and to the owner that hires him. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28841:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1Guidelines for simplified seismic assessment and rehabilitation of concrete buildings 1 Scope This International St
28、andard can be used as an alternative to the development of a building code, or equivalent document in countries where no national design codes are available by themselves, or as an alternative to the building code in countries where specifically considered and accepted by the national standards body
29、 or other appropriate regulatory organization, and applies to the assessment of earthquake resistance capability and to the seismic rehabilitation design and construction for existing structural concrete buildings. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide sufficient information to perform the s
30、eismic assessment and rehabilitation of the structural concrete building that complies with the limitations established in Clause 5, for both undamaged structures that are deemed not to comply with the required characteristics for an adequate response at a specified performance level, and for struct
31、ures that have undergone damage under seismic loadings. The rules of design as set forth in this International Standard are simplifications of more elaborate requirements. Although the guidelines contained in this International Standard were drawn to produce, when properly employed, a reasonable ass
32、essment of the seismic vulnerability of an undamaged structure, a reasonable assessment of a structure damaged by a seismic event and a structural rehabilitation of the assessed concrete structure with an appropriate margin of safety, these guidelines are not a replacement for sound and experienced
33、engineering. In order to attain the intended results on assessment and rehabilitation design, this International Standard must be used as a whole, and alternative procedures should be employed only when explicitly permitted by the guidelines. The minimum dimensioning guides as prescribed in this Int
34、ernational Standard replace, in most cases, more elaborate procedures such as those prescribed in the national code or, if no national code exists, in internationally recognized full fledged codes, and the possible economic impact is compensated for by the simplicity of the procedures prescribed her
35、e. The professional applying the procedures set forth by these guidelines should meet the legal requirements for structural designers in the country of adoption and have training and a minimum appropriate knowledge of structural mechanics, statics, strength of materials, structural analysis, and rei
36、nforced concrete design and construction. While buildings rehabilitated in accordance with these guidelines are expected to perform within the selected performance levels for the applicable design earthquakes, compliance with these guidelines is necessary but may not guarantee the sought for perform
37、ance, as current knowledge of structural behavior under seismic loads, and of the loads themselves, is still incomplete. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, o
38、nly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 15673:2005, Guidelines for the simplified design of structural reinforced concrete for buildings ISO 28841:2013(E) 2 ISO 2013 All rights reserved3 Terms and de
39、finitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 acceleration of gravity, g acceleration produced by gravity at the surface of the earth NOTE For the application of these guidelines its value can be approximated to 10 m/s 2 . 3.2 adherence force acting on t
40、he interface of two solid materials 3.3 admixture material other than water, aggregate, or hydraulic cement, added to concrete before or during its mixing to modify its properties 3.4 aggregate granular material, such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, and iron blast-furnace slag, used in conjunction w
41、ith cementitious materials to form a hydraulic cement concrete or mortar 3.5 anchorage devices used to anchor a non-structural element to the structural framing 3.6 bar diameter, nominal approximate diameter of a steel reinforcing bar, often used as a class designation NOTE For deformed bars, it is
42、common practice to use the diameter of a plain bar having the same area. 3.7 beam structural member for which ratio of axial load to axial gross capacity is equal to or less than 0,1. 3.8 bearing capacity of the soil maximum permissible stress on the foundation soil that provides adequate safety aga
43、inst bearing failure of the soil NOTE Its value is defined at the working stress level. 3.9 bending moment product of a force and the distance to a particular axis, producing bending effects in a structural element 3.10 boundary elements structural elements embedded at the ends of structural walls s
44、trengthened by transverse reinforcement to confine the longitudinal reinforcement NOTE Boundary elements may require an increase in thickness of the wall. ISO 28841:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 33.11 caisson foundation pile of large diameter, built partly or totally above ground and sunk bel
45、ow ground usually by digging out the soil inside 3.12 carbonation process of conversion of calcium hydroxide in hardened cementitious material into calcium carbonate due to reaction with carbon dioxide diffused into the cement paste from the atmosphere 3.13 cement material as specified in the corres
46、ponding referenced ISO standards, which, when mixed with water, has hardening properties 3.14 center of mass geometric plan location of the resultant force due to the action of gravity on the mass of the floor is located, supposing the floor diaphragm as an infinite rigid body in its own plane 3.15
47、center of rigidity geometric plan location of the resultant of the resistance forces due to structural vertical elements stiffness, calculated, supposing that the floor diaphragm is an infinite rigid body in its own plane in such a way that when applying a horizontal force in any direction, rotation
48、 of the diaphragm takes place with no distortion of the original shape of the floor 3.16 corrosion process of disintegration of the reinforcing steel bars due to chemical or electromechanical change caused in presence of moisture 3.17 column structural member in which the ratio of axial compressive
49、loads to axial gross capacity is more than 0,1 3.18 collector elements structural elements that carry the forces within a horizontal diaphragm to the lateral-force resisting system 3.19 combined footing footing that transmits to the supporting soil the load carried by several columns or structural concrete walls 3.20 compression reinforcement reinforcement provided to resist compression stresses in the member section 3.21 concrete mixture of cementitious materials with fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water, with or without admixtures, to form
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