1、 ISO 2016 Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings Castor chair test Revtements de sol textiles, rsilients ou stratifis Essai lappareil roulettes INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4918 Second edition 2016-03-15 Reference number ISO 4918:2016(E) ISO 4918:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIG
2、HT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, with
3、out prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso
4、.org ISO 4918:2016(E)Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 4 Principle 1 5 Apparatus . 2 6 Materials . 5 7 Sampling 5 7.1 Textile floor coverings 5 7.2 Resilient floor covering 6 7.3 Laminate floor coverings 6 8 Conditioning 7 8.1 Textile floor coverings 7 8.2
5、Resilient and laminate floor coverings . 7 9 Procedure. 7 9.1 Textile floor coverings 7 9.1.1 General 7 9.1.2 Mounting of the specimens . 7 9.1.3 Verifications of the castors 7 9.1.4 Preparing of the apparatus . 8 9.1.5 Test procedures for textile floor coverings . 8 9.2 Resilient and laminate floor
6、 coverings . 9 9.2.1 General 9 9.2.2 Mounting of the specimen . 9 9.2.3 Verification of the castors .10 9.2.4 Preparing the apparatus 10 9.2.5 Test procedure for resilient and laminate floor coverings .10 10 Assessment 10 10.1 Textile floor coverings .10 10.1.1 General.10 10.1.2 Test A Structural in
7、tegrity assessment .11 10.1.3 Test A Appearance retention assessment 11 10.1.4 Test B Colour change assessment .11 10.1.5 Test C Structural integrity assessment .11 10.2 Resilient floor coverings 11 10.2.1 Resilient floor covering with click joints for floating installation 11 10.3 Laminate floor co
8、verings .11 11 Calculations and expression of results .12 11.1 Textile floor coverings .12 11.1.1 Optional results for textile floor coverings 12 11.2 Resilient floor coverings 12 11.3 Laminate floor coverings .12 12 Test report 12 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 4918:2016(E) Fore
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14、ot constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informati
15、on The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 219, Floor coverings. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4918:2009), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2016 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 4918:2016(E) Resilient, textile and laminate floor
16、 coverings Castor chair test 1 Scope This International Standard specifies methods for determining the change of appearance and stability of a textile floor covering or any damage caused by detachment of layers, opening of joints, or crazing of a resilient or laminate floor covering under the moveme
17、nt of a castor chair. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documen
18、t (including any amendments) applies. ISO 139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 1957, Machine-made textile floor coverings Selection and cutting of specimens for physical tests ISO 2424, Textile floor coverings Vocabulary ISO 9405, Textile floor coverings Assessment of
19、changes in appearance CEN/TS 16354, Laminate floor coverings Underlays Specification, requirements and test methods EN 12466, Resilient floor coverings Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2424 and EN 12466 apply. 4 Principle A
20、floor covering, including one or more joints, treated or welded where necessary, is submitted for a prescribed number of cycles to the action of three castors. The castors move in epicyclical paths with multiple changes of direction, stops and starts, and the frequency of passage varies from area to
21、 area. For textile floor coverings, three different assessment methods are specified: a) the change in appearance of a textile floor covering is assessed after 5 000 cycles and 25 000 cycles, in accordance with ISO 9405 (Test A), b) the change in colour is assessed by means of grey scales after 750
22、cycles (Test B), c) the extent of deterioration of the specimen is assessed after 10 000 cycles or 25 000 cycles (Test C). For resilient and laminate floor coverings, any damage caused by detachment of layers, opening of joints, or crazing of the specimen is assessed. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1
23、ISO 4918:2016(E) 5 Apparatus Dimensions in millimetres 1 2 34 6 7 Key 1 total mass 90 kg 6 specimen 2 distance 3 mm 7 suction device with height regulation 3 load/drive plate 8 test platform 4 castor mounting plate 9 specimen support 5 chain Figure 1 Typical castor chair apparatus 5.1 Rotating circu
24、lar test platform. The rotating circular test platform on which the specimen is placed shall have a diameter of minimum 800 mm. 5.2 Castor assembly. This assembly comprises a vertical shaft, set in a bearing, and a plate on which the castors are mounted (Figure 2, item 1). This castor assembly is of
25、fset at a distance of (198 1) mm from the centre of the rotating test platform. The three castors are each arranged concentrically at 120 intervals around the centre of the plate at a distance of (130 1) mm from the centre of the plate, and are free to rotate, so that they follow the rotation of the
26、 castor assembly. The tested area of the specimen is determined by the distance between the axes of revolution of the castor chair assembly and the specimen table and by the distance of the castors from the centre of the plate. This area is approximately 0,3 m 2 . The apparatus is provided with a li
27、fting device to raise the castor assembly above the testing platform when the apparatus is stopped.2 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 4918:2016(E) The castor assembly is loaded with a mass of (90 1) kg equally divided over the three castors. The distance (under load) between the castor mounting plat
28、e and the load/drive plate shall be 3 mm. 1 Key 1 castor assembly Figure 2 Path of castors 5.3 Drive mechanism. The drive to the specimen plate and to the castor assembly is interlocked and fitted with a reversing mechanism. The number of cycles is set by means of a pre-set counter. The rotational s
29、peed of the rotating platform shall be (19 2) r/min and that of the castor assembly (50 5) r/min. After (180 10) s of rotation, the platform shall stop and remain in the stop position for (5 2) s, after which time the direction of rotation of the rotating platform shall reverse. The relationship bet
30、ween the rotational speed of the specimen plate and that of the castor assembly causes a sharp reverse movement of the castors within the stressed area (see Figure 2). 5.4 Suction device. A suction device (Figure 1, item 7) is mounted over the entire width of the stressed area, the height of this de
31、vice above the specimen being adjustable. The suction capacity shall be at least 25 l/s to 30 l/s. 5.5 Castors. 5.5.1 General Single-wheel swivel castors shall be used having the following dimensions (see Figure 3): a) diameter: (50 2) mm; b) width: (20 2) mm; c) radius of curvature, R, of castor tr
32、ead: (130 5) mm; d) crank distance: (32 2) mm. The distance between any two castor mountings shall be (225 5) mm. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3 ISO 4918:2016(E) Figure 3 Single-wheel swivel castors (nominal dimensions in mm) 5.5.2 Type H castors, suitable for textile, resilient, and laminate floor
33、coverings. Type H, polyamide castors have plain wheels and a hard tread, shore hardness 90 5. The wheels shall be one colour over their entire surface. The castor treads are made from polyamide and shall be replaced after maximum 2 000 000 cycles of the test platform. The castor treads shall be exam
34、ined after each test to verify that they are still smooth, without any deep scoring or encrusted hard particles. The tread shall be replaced if the dimensions of the wheel fall outside the tolerances given in 5.5.1. 5.5.3 Type W castors, suitable for resilient and laminate floor covering. Type W, po
35、lyurethane covered castor wheels, shore hardness 85 5. The surface of the castor wheels shall be replaced after maximum 1 000 000 cycles of the test platform. The castor treads shall be examined after each test to verify that they are still smooth, without any deep scoring or encrusted hard particle
36、s. The tread shall be replaced if the dimensions of the wheel fall outside the tolerances given in 5.5.1. 5.6 Lifting device, to raise the castor assembly above the testing platform when the apparatus is stationary. 5.7 Cycle counter, for setting the number of cycles of the testing platform. 5.8 Fas
37、tening system. Flooring samples shall be securely held in place using glue, tape, or other suitable means. For loose-laid installations, panel shall be secured at the outer perimeter to prevent samples, which may include a flooring product and an underlayment, from shifting during the test using tap
38、e, a hold down ring, or other suitable means. Take care not to use mechanical horizontal fastening force.4 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 4918:2016(E) 5.9 Specimen support. The specimen shall be placed on a circular sheet of rigid plastic e.g. poly(methyl methacrylate) or suitable substrate with a
39、 thickness of (7 2) mm and a diameter of (800 5) mm. The support itself shall be laid on the test platform and holes made in the support in order to engage the platform studs, to prevent slippage. 5.10 Vacuum cleaner, upright, with rotating brush driven by an independent motor for textile floor cove
40、rings, and without rotating brush for resilient and laminate floor coverings. 5.11 Illumination device (not to be used for textile floor coverings). Illumination shall be provided by sufficient fluorescent tubes mounted at a height above the viewing table to give an intensity of light across the vie
41、wing platform of (1 500 300) lx and in such a way as to illuminate the specimen vertically from above and allow uninterrupted viewing of the table (minimum height 1 600 mm above table). The surroundings shall be neutral and darkened. The intensity of the light shall be checked prior to each assessme
42、nt series by the use of a lux meter. The lifetime of the fluorescent tubes, as given by the manufacturer, shall not be exceeded. 5.12 Rotary viewing table (not to be used for textile floor coverings). A rotary viewing table enabling the specimens to be rotated so that they may be viewed from all dir
43、ections under the standard illumination. The diameter of the viewing table shall be at least 1 000 mm to enable the test specimens and the reference scales to be laid side-by-side. The table colour shall be matt dark grey or matt black. The table shall be constructed in such a way that its surface i
44、s as close as possible to the floor, in order to achieve a 45 angle to the eyes of the assessor. 5.13 Set of thickness gauges, ranging from 0,05 mm to 0,10 mm in steps of 0,01 mm and from 0,10 mm to 0,50 mm in steps of 0,05 mm. 5.14 Calliper gauge or a depth gauge, with a scale interval of 0,05 mm.
45、6 Materials 6.1 White cotton, in pad, cloth, or paper form. 6.2 Adhesive scrim, double-sided adhesive tape or adhesive. 6.3 Denatured ethanol. 7 Sampling 7.1 Textile floor coverings Take specimens from the sample in accordance with ISO 1957. Prepare the specimens as follows. a) For Test A ISO 2016 A
46、ll rights reserved 5 ISO 4918:2016(E) Cut from each sample either three semi-circles or six quadrants with a radius of approximately 350 mm. The quadrant edges shall be either parallel to or at right angles to the direction of manufacture. Cut also a reference specimen of 200 mm 200 mm. In all cases
47、, mark the direction of manufacture. If testing only one textile floor covering, a third specimen is required to fill the gap left by removal of the 5 000-cycle specimen (see 9.1.5.2). b) For Test B If possible, test samples of different batches/colour during each test. Cut from each batch/colour ei
48、ther one semi-circle or one quadrant of radius 350 mm. Cut also a reference specimen, with dimensions of 200 mm 200 mm. In all cases, mark the specimens with the direction of manufacture. If testing only one textile floor covering, specimens are required to fill in the gaps. c) For Test C Cut two se
49、mi-circles from each sample with a radius of 350 mm. If testing only one textile floor covering, a third specimen is required to fill the gap left by removal of the 10 000-cycle specimen (see 9.1.5.5). 7.2 Resilient floor covering Take a representative sample from the available material. For rolls, the test should include at least one side joint in the path of the castor. For tiles, the test should include at least two joints crossed in the path of the castor. In any case,
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