ISO 683-4-2016 Heat-treatable steels alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 4 Free-cutting steels《热处理钢、合金钢和易切削钢 第9部分 易切削钢》.pdf

1、 ISO 2016 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels Part 4: Free-cutting steels Aciers pour traitement thermique, aciers allis et aciers pour dcolletage Partie 4: Aciers pour dcolletage INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 683-4 Second edition 2016-07-15 Reference number ISO 683-4:2016(E) IS

2、O 683-4:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photoco

3、pying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 7

4、49 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 683-4:2016(E)Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 2 4 Classification and designation . 2 4.1 Classification . 2 4.2 Designation 2 5 Information to be supplied by the purchaser. 2 5.1 Mandatory infor

5、mation . 2 5.2 Options/supplementary or special requirements 3 5.3 Ordering example . 3 6 Manufacturing process 3 6.1 General . 3 6.2 Heat treatment and surface condition at delivery 3 6.2.1 Normal condition at delivery 3 6.2.2 Particular heat-treatment condition . 3 6.3 Traceability of the cast . 3

6、 7 Requirements 4 7.1 Chemical composition, hardness, and mechanical properties 4 7.1.1 General 4 7.1.2 Chemical composition . 4 7.1.3 Mechanical properties 4 7.2 Machinability 4 7.3 Weldability 4 7.4 Grain size 4 7.5 Internal soundness 4 7.6 Surface quality . 5 7.7 Shape, dimensions, and tolerances

7、 5 8 Inspection 5 8.1 Testing procedures and types of documents 5 8.2 Frequency of testing . 6 8.3 Specific inspection and testing 6 8.3.1 Verification of the hardness and mechanical properties 6 8.3.2 Visual and dimensional inspection 6 9 Test methods . 6 9.1 Chemical analysis 6 9.2 Hardness and me

8、chanical tests 6 9.2.1 Hardness . 6 9.2.2 Mechanical tests . 6 9.3 Retests 6 10 Marking 7 Annex A (normative) Ruling sections for mechanical properties .14 Annex B (normative) Supplementary or special requirements 17 Annex C (informative) Designation of steels given in this part of ISO 683 and of co

9、mparable grades covered in various designation systems19 Annex D (informative) Dimensional standards applicable to products complying with this part of ISO 683 .20 Bibliography .21 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 683-4:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Stand

10、ardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right

11、to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures u

12、sed to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules

13、 of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identif

14、ied during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation o

15、n the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. The committee responsible

16、 for this document is ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 4, Heat treatable and alloy steels. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 683-4:2014), of which it constitutes a minor revision. ISO 683 consists of the following parts, under the general title Heat-treatable steels, a

17、lloy steels and free- cutting steels: Part 1: Non-alloy steels for quenching and tempering Part 2: Alloy steels for quenching and tempering Part 3: Case-hardening steels Part 4: Free-cutting steels Part 5: Nitriding steels Part 14: Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs Part 15: Valve s

18、teels for internal combustion engines Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels Part 18: Bright steel productsiv ISO 2016 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 683-4:2016(E) Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels Part 4: Free-cutting steels 1 Scope This part of ISO 683 g

19、ives the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs), bars and wire rod, manufactured from the free-cutting steels listed in Table 2 and supplied in one of the treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1, rows 2 to 4. This pa

20、rt of ISO 683 covers three groups of free-cutting steels for mechanical purposes as listed in Table 2, namely a) not intended for heat treatment, b) suitable for case-hardening, and c) suitable for quenching and tempering. Free-cutting steels are often used as bright bars. For these products, refer

21、to ISO 683-18. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them can form the subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex B). In addition to this part of ISO 683, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are appli

22、cable. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an

23、y amendments) applies. ISO 377, Steel and steel products Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing ISO 404, Steel and steel products General technical delivery requirements ISO 643, Steels Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size ISO 4885, Ferrous produc

24、ts Heat treatments Vocabulary ISO 4948-1, Steels Classification Part 1: Classification of steels into unalloyed and alloy steels based on chemical composition ISO 4948-2, Steels Classification Part 2: Classification of unalloyed and alloy steels according to main quality classes and main property or

25、 application characteristics ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at room temperature ISO 6929, Steel products Vocabulary ISO 9443, Heat-treatable and alloy steels Surface quality classes for ho

26、t-rolled round bars and wire rods Technical delivery conditions ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1 ISO 683-4:2016(E) ISO 10474, Steel and steel products Inspection documents ISO 14284, Steel and iron Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition ISO/TR 9769, Steel and

27、 iron Review of available methods of analysis ISO/TS 4949, Steel names based on letter symbols 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 377, ISO 4885, ISO 4948-1, ISO 4948-2, ISO 6929, ISO 14284 and the following apply. 3.1 ruling section s

28、ection for which the specified mechanical properties shall apply Note 1 to entry: Independent of the actual shape and dimensions of the cross-section of the product, the size of its ruling section is always given by a diameter. This corresponds to the diameter of an “equivalent round bar”. That is a

29、 round bar which will show the same cooling rate as the actual ruling section of the product concerned at its position for taking the test pieces, when being cooled from austenitizing temperature. 3.2 free-cutting steels steels characterized by good machinability with high metal removal rate, mostly

30、 obtained by higher than normal contents of sulphur Note 1 to entry: Other elements besides sulfur can be added for further improving the machinability. 4 Classific ation and designation 4.1 Classification The classification of the relevant steel grades is allocated in accordance with ISO 4948-1 and

31、 ISO 4948-2. All steels covered by this part of ISO 683 are classified as non-alloy quality steels. 4.2 Designation For the steel grades covered by this part of ISO 683, the steel names given in the relevant tables are allocated in accordance with ISO/TS 4949. 5 Information to be supplied by the pur

32、chaser 5.1 Mandatory information The manufacturer shall obtain the following information from the purchaser at the time of enquiry and order: a) the quantity to be delivered; b) the designation of the product form (e.g. slab, bloom, billet, round bar, wire rod); c) either the designation of the dime

33、nsional standard and the dimensions and tolerances selected from this (see 7.7) or the designation of the drawing or any other document, covering the dimensions and tolerances required for the product; d) a reference to this part of ISO 683, i.e. ISO 683-4;2 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 683-4:20

34、16(E) e) the designation of the steel grade given in Table 2; f) standard designation for a test report 2.2 or, if required, any other type of inspection document in accordance with ISO 10474. 5.2 Options/supplementary or special requirements A number of options are specified in this part of ISO 683

35、 and listed below. If the purchaser does not indicate the wish to implement any of these options, the products will be supplied in accordance with the basic specification of this part of ISO 683 (see 5.1). a) If a heat-treatment condition other than the untreated condition is required, the symbol fo

36、r this other condition (see Table 1, column 2). b) Any supplementary requirement that shall comply with the symbol and, where necessary, the details of this supplementary requirement (see Annex B). c) Suitability of bars and rod for bright drawing (see 7.6.4). d) Any requirement relating to removal

37、of surface defects (see 7.6.5). 5.3 Ordering example EXAMPLE 50 hot-rolled round bars according to ISO 1035-1, with a nominal diameter of 40 mm and a nominal length of 8 000 mm, with diameter tolerance according to class S and with length tolerance according to ISO 1035-4, class L2, made of steel gr

38、ade ISO 683-4, 35S20 (see Table 2) in the heat-treatment condition +U (see Table 1), product analysis/option (see B.5) with a test report 2.2 in accordance with ISO 10474.50 round bars ISO 1035 40,0S 8 000L2 steel grade ISO 683-4 35S20 option B.5 Inspection document ISO 10474 2.2 6 Manufacturing pro

39、cess 6.1 General The manufacturing process of the steel and of the products is, with the restrictions given by the requirements in 6.2 and 6.3, left to the discretion of the manufacturer. For minimum reduction ratio or minimum thickness deformation ratio of rolled and forged products, see B.6. 6.2 H

40、eat treatment and surface condition at delivery 6.2.1 Normal condition at delivery Unless otherwise agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the products shall be delivered in the untreated condition that means “as hot-worked”. 6.2.2 Particular heat-treatment condition If so agreed at the time of en

41、quiry and order, the products shall be delivered in one of the particular heat-treatment conditions given in Table 1, rows 3 and 4. 6.3 Traceability of the cast Each product shall be traceable to the cast (see Clause 10). ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3 ISO 683-4:2016(E) 7 Requirements 7.1 Chemical c

42、omposition, hardness, and mechanical properties 7.1.1 General Table 1 gives a survey of combinations of usual treatment conditions at delivery, product forms, and requirements according to Tables 2 to 6 (chemical composition, maximum hardness, mechanical properties). 7.1.2 Chemical composition The c

43、hemical composition determined by cast analysis shall comply with the values in Table 2. Permissible deviations between the limiting values for cast analysis and the values for product analysis are given in Table 3. The product analysis shall be carried out when specified at the time of the enquiry

44、and order (see B.5). WARNING Due to hazardous effects to health and environmental problems of Pb, it is recommended to instead use steels only with sulfur and other innocuous free-cutting element additions. 7.1.3 Mechanical properties Mechanical properties for free-cutting steels are given in Tables

45、 4 to 6. 7.2 Machinability The steels covered by this part of ISO 683 have good machinability and chip-breaking characteristics. However, the machinability decreases with increasing carbon, silicon and manganese contents, while cold reduction improves the machinability of the steels not intended for

46、 heat treatment and steel 10S20. NOTE Non-leaded steels with comparable chemical composition generally have identical mechanical properties, but often lower machinability than leaded steels. 7.3 Weldability Because of their high sulfur and phosphorus content, free-cutting steels are normally not rec

47、ommended for welding. 7.4 Grain size Unless otherwise agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the grain size shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer. If a fine grain structure is required for case-hardening steels or steels for quenching and tempering, the special requirement in B.3 sha

48、ll be ordered. If direct hardening treatment is used for case-hardening steels, a fine grain structure should be ordered. 7.5 Internal soundness Where appropriate, requirements relating to the internal soundness of the products shall be agreed at the time of enquiry and order (see B.4).4 ISO 2016 Al

49、l rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) 7.6 Surface quality 7.6.1 All products shall have a smooth surface finish appropriate to the manufacturing processes applied. 7.6.2 Minor surface imperfections, which can occur under normal manufacturing conditions, such as prints originating from rolled-in scale, are not to be regarded as defects. 7.6.3 Bars and wire rod are delivered with surface class 1za2 according to ISO 9443, unless otherwise agreed at the time of enquiry and order. It is more