1、 Reference number ISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6944-1 First edition 2008-04-15 Fire containment Elements of building construction Part 1: Ventilation ducts Endiguement du feu lments de construction Partie 1: Conduits de ventilation ISO 6944-1:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF
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5、SO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in th
6、e country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword i
7、v Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Apparatus .2 5 Test conditions 10 6 Test specimen10 7 Installation of test specimen 13 8 Conditioning.15 9 Application of instrumentation.16 10 Test procedure.22 11 Performance criteria23 12 Test report 24 13 Field of d
8、irect application of test results 25 Annex A (informative) General guidance28 Bibliography 32 ISO 6944-1:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of pr
9、eparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, i
10、n liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main tas
11、k of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attentio
12、n is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6944-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire containment. T
13、his first edition of ISO 6944-1, cancels and replaces ISO 6944:1985, which has been technically revised. ISO 6944 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire containment Elements of building construction: Part 1: Ventilation ducts A Part 2, dealing with kitchen extract ducts, is un
14、der development. ISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Introduction The purpose of this test is to measure the ability of a representative duct or duct assembly that is part of an air-distribution system to resist the spread of fire from one fire compartment to another, with fire attack
15、from inside or outside the duct. It is applicable to vertical and horizontal ducts, with or without branches, taking into account joints and exhaust openings, as well as suspension devices and penetration points. This part of ISO 6944 is very similar to EN 1366-1, but includes an alternative arrange
16、ment for testing elbows. The test measures the length of time during which ducts of specified dimensions, suspended as they normally are in practice, satisfy defined criteria when exposed to fire from either inside or outside the duct. All ducts inside the furnace are fully restrained in all directi
17、ons. Outside the furnace, ducts exposed to fire from the outside are tested unrestrained, while ducts exposed to fire from the inside (horizontal only) are tested restrained. The test takes into account the effect of fire exposure from the outside, where a 300 Pa underpressure is maintained in the d
18、uct, as well as the effect of fire entering the ducts under conditions where forced air movement might or might not be present, by maintaining an air velocity of 3 m/s. Ducts exposed to fire from the inside are supplied with air in a manner that is representative of the “fan off” and “fan on” situat
19、ions that can arise in practice. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Fire containment Elements of building construction Part 1: Ventilation ducts CAUTION The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out this fire resistance test is drawn to t
20、he fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that there is the possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases can be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards can also arise during the construction of the test elements or structures, their testing and disposal of test resi
21、dues. It is strongly recommended that the duct assembly be allowed to cool completely after the fire test, before dismantling, to minimize the possibility of ignition of combustible residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health shall be made and safety precautions shall be ide
22、ntified and provided. Written safety instructions shall be issued. Appropriate training shall be given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel shall ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times. 1 Scope This part of ISO 6944 specifies a method for determining the fire resista
23、nce of vertical and horizontal ventilation ducts under standardized fire conditions. The test examines the behaviour of ducts exposed to fire from the outside (duct A) and fire inside the duct (duct B). It is intended that this part of ISO 6944 be used in conjunction with ISO 834-1. This part of ISO
24、 6944 is not applicable to a) ducts whose fire resistance depends on the fire resistance performance of a ceiling, b) ducts containing fire dampers at points where they pass through fire separations, c) doors of inspection openings, unless included in the duct to be tested, d) two- or three-sided du
25、cts, e) the fixing of suspension devices to floors or walls. NOTE Annex A provides general guidance and gives background information. ISO 6944-1:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
26、 dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 834-1, Fire-resistance tests Elements of building construction Part 1: General requirements ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means
27、of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross- section conduits running full Part 1: General principles and requirements ISO 5221, Air distribution and air diffusion Rules to methods of measuring air flow rate in an air handling duct ISO 13943, Fire safety Vocabulary 3 Terms and defini
28、tions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 834-1 and ISO 13943, and the following apply. 3.1 fire resisting duct duct used for the distribution or extraction of air and designed to provide a degree of fire resistance 3.2 suspension device components used for supp
29、orting and fixing a duct from a floor or supporting a duct from a wall 3.3 supporting devices wall, partition or floor through which the duct passes during the test 3.4 compensator device that is used to prevent damage from the forces generated by expansion 4 Apparatus 4.1 In addition to the test eq
30、uipment specified in ISO 834-1, the following apparatus is required. 4.2 Furnace, capable of subjecting ventilation ducts to the standard heating conditions specified in ISO 834-1 and suitable for testing ducts in the vertical (see Figure 1) or horizontal (see Figure 2) orientation. Figures 1 and 2
31、show two ducts being tested together. When two ducts are tested together, they shall be separated by a minimum of 500 mm. It is also permitted to test each duct singularly in the furnace. 4.3 Fan A, capable of producing an underpressure of (300 15) Pa within duct A (see Figure 3) at the start and th
32、roughout the test, and shall be connected, either directly or by a suitable length of flexible ducting, to the measuring station (4.5). 4.4 Fan B, capable of producing an air velocity when extracting gas from duct B (see Figure 4) of at least 3 m/s measured at ambient temperature in the duct before
33、the test. It shall be connected, either directly or by a suitable length of flexible ducting, to the velocity-measuring station (4.8). The fan shall be provided with a by-pass vent that can be opened prior to shutting the damper (4.7). ISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 Dimensions in
34、millimetres Key 1 furnace wall 7 furnace chamber 2 sealed end 8 openings providing a total area of 50% of duct cross-section 3 fire-protection system 9 furnace floor 4 location for fire stopping (normal practice) 10 leakage-measuring station (see Figure 3 for details) 5 joint in fire-protection syst
35、em 11 gas-velocity-measuring station (see Figure 4 for details) 6 furnace roof 12 duct A 13 duct B W width H height D diameter See 4.2. Figure 1 Test arrangement for vertical ducts ISO 6944-1:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres Key 1 furnace wall 9 duct B 2 duct with 90 e
36、lbow 10 supporting construction 3 sealed end 11 furnace chamber 4 location for fire stopping (normal practice) 12 openings providing a total area of 50 % of duct cross-section 5 fire-protection system 13 sealed end of elbow 6 location of restraint positions 14 200 mm minimum supporting construction
37、7 joints in fire-protection system 15 leakage-measuring station (see Figure 3 for details) 8 duct A 16 gas-velocity-measuring station (see Figure 4 for details) W width or diameter See 4.2. Figure 2 Test arrangement for horizontal ducts ISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5Figure 3 (cont
38、inued) ISO 6944-1:2008(E) 6 ISO 2008 All rights reservedKey 1 pressure sensor to furnace 11 flexible connecting duct 2 pressure sensor on centre-line of duct 12 support for flow-measuring system 3 office plate, venture or similar 13 thermocouple, 1,5 mm diameter 4 pressure differential of 300 Pa 14
39、flow straightener (where necessary) 5 pressure sensor in laboratory 15 flange 6 pressure-differential control box 16 support for duct outside furnace 7 pressure-control dilution damper 17 test duct 8 pneumatic-actuator manual control 18 condensing device 9 balancing damper 19 horizontal duct A 10 fa
40、n 20 vertical duct A aThermocouple located 2d from key item 3; see Note. NOTE d is the diameter of the measuring duct downstream from the flow-measuring device. Figure 3 Leakage-measuring station for duct A ISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 7Figure 4 (continued) ISO 6944-1:2008(E) 8 IS
41、O 2008 All rights reservedKey 1 pressure sensor to furnace 11 thermocouple, 1,5 mm diameter 2 pressure sensor on centre-line of duct 12 support for velocity-measuring station near duct 3 pressure sensor in laboratory 13 flange 4 pressure-differential control box 14 support for duct outside furnace 5
42、 pressure-control dilution damper 15 inlet nozzle 6 pneumatic-actuator manual control 16 test duct 7 balancing damper 17 flow straightener (if required) 8 fan 18 horizontal duct A 9 flexible connecting duct 19 vertical duct A 10 support for velocity-measuring station near flexible duct 20 pressure d
43、ifferential of 300 Pa Figure 4 Gas velocity station for duct B 4.5 Volume flow-measuring station, consisting of a venturi, orifice plate or other suitable device and (where necessary) an air-flow straightener, installed in straight lengths of pipe, all sized to ISO 5167-1 and ISO 5221. It shall be c
44、onnected to the end of duct A outside the furnace to determine the volume flow rate of gas passing through duct A during the test. The measuring device shall be capable of measuring to an accuracy of 5 %. Regardless of whether vertical or horizontal ducts are being tested, the volume flow-measuring
45、station shall always be used in a horizontal orientation. 4.6 Condensing unit, installed between the end of duct A and the flow-measuring device and which shall allow for drainage. The gas temperature adjacent to the flow-measuring device shall be measured by a 2 mm sheathed thermocouple with an ins
46、ulated hot junction, arranged pointing downwards to allow the moisture to drain. Its measuring junction shall be located at the centre-line of the measuring duct and at a distance, d, equal to twice the diameter of the measuring duct downstream from the flow-measuring device. The temperature measure
47、d by this thermocouple shall not exceed 40 C. 4.7 Damper, installed between the fan and the velocity-measuring station to shut off the air flow in duct B during evaluation of integrity in the “fan off” condition. 4.8 Velocity-measuring station, to determine the air velocity in duct B and shall consi
48、st of one or two inlet nozzle(s), or another suitable device, installed in a straight length of pipe sized to ISO 5167-1 and ISO 5221, connected to the end of both the vertical and horizontal ducts B outside the furnace. 4.9 Equipment for measuring gas pressure, located in the furnace and inside duc
49、t A. 4.10 Thermal-movement-measuring device, for measuring the expansion or contraction of duct A, accurate to 1 mm. 4.11 Force-measuring device, for measuring forces at the point of applying the restraint in duct B (see Figure 5). ISO 6944-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 9 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 location of device measuring the restraining forces 2 duct 3 stiff load cells (used for applying and measuring restraint) 4 furnace aAllow movement in both directions. bResist mov
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