ISO 7202-2012 Fire protection - Fire extinguishing media - Powder《消防 灭火剂 干粉》.pdf

1、 ISO 2012 Fire protection Fire extinguishing media Powder Protection contre lincendie Agents extincteurs Poudres INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7202 Second edition 2012-07-15 Reference number ISO 7202:2012(E) ISO 7202:2012(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All righ

2、ts reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the

3、 requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 7202:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references

4、 . 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Sampling 2 5 Characterization statement and requirements 2 5.1 General . 2 5.2 Bulk density 2 5.3 Sieve analysis . 2 5.4 Chemical content . 2 5.5 Toxicity . 3 6 Fire test performance . 3 6.1 Class A . 3 6.2 Class B . 3 6.3 Class C . 4 6.4 Class D . 4 7 Fluidity te

5、sting . 4 8 Resistance to caking and lumping . 4 9 Water repellence 4 10 Moisture content 4 11 Electrical insulation value . 4 12 Moisture absorbance 4 13 Test methods 4 13.1 Bulk density 4 13.2 Sieve analysis . 5 13.3 Performance methods for test fires . 6 13.4 Fluidity testing . 7 13.5 Test for re

6、sistance to caking and lumping . 9 13.6 Water repellence test 10 13.7 Test method for moisture content Absorbance by sulfuric acid .10 13.8 Electrical insulation test 10 13.9 Moisture absorption testing . 11 14 Marking and packaging .12 Annex A (informative) Compatibility between extinguishing powde

7、rs and foams .13 Annex B (informative) Suitability and equivalence of extinguishing powders in equipment 20 Annex C (informative) Sampling method .21 Annex D (informative) Moisture content testing Vacuum drying 22 Bibliography .23 ISO 7202:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Sta

8、ndardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the righ

9、t to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International

10、Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an

11、 International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7

12、202 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting, Subcommittee SC 6, Foam and powder media and firefighting systems using foam and powder. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7202:1987), which has been technically revised.

13、 iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 7202:2012(E) Introduction This International Standard is one of a series giving specifications for fire extinguishing media in common use and which are in need of specification for fire fighting purposes. These specifications are designed to establish that the me

14、dium in question has at least a minimum useful fire extinguishing capability and can therefore be reasonably sold for fire extinguishing purposes. Requirements for media used in particular equipment will form the subject of future International Standards. Annexes A to D provide important information

15、 on, and give recommendations relating to, the use of extinguishing powders, and they should be read carefully by all concerned with the use of extinguishing powders. They do not, however, form part of the specification. ISO 2012 All rights reserved v Fire protection Fire extinguishing media Powder

16、1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for the chemical and physical properties, and for minimum performance in defined test methods, of fire extinguishing powders suitable for use against fires of classes A, B, C and D. Requirements are also given for the information and data to

17、 be declared by the manufacturer. NOTE The classification of fires is given in ISO 3941. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition

18、of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders ISO 7165, Fire fighting Portable fire extinguishers Performance and construct

19、ion 3 T erms and definitio ns For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 batch single charge of material in the processing equipment that has been made homogeneous by subjection to the same unit and physical processing NOTE This is for the purposes of acceptanc

20、e and verification testing by an inspecting authority. 3.2 characterization statement information and data declared by the manufacturer regarding the chemical and physical properties of the powder 3.3 extinguishing powder extinguishing medium composed of finely divided solid chemical products consis

21、ting of one or more principal components, which are combined with additives to improve its characteristics NOTE 1 The term “dry powder” is sometimes used to denote special metal fire extinguishing agents and the term “dry chemical extinguishing agent” refers to the extinguishing medium covered by th

22、is International Standard. NOTE 2 When it is useful to indicate the class of fire for which a particular powder is designed, capital letters may be added before the term. The letters used in this International Standard are those defined in ISO 3941. EXAMPLE “BC” powder is designed to extinguish clas

23、s B (liquids or liquefiable solids) and class C (gases) fires; “ABC” powder is designed to extinguish class A (solids that normally form glowing embers), class B and class C fires; “D” powder is designed to extinguish metal fires. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7202:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved

24、1 ISO 7202:2012(E) 3.4 lot one or more batches but not more than 25 t of powder, manufactured to the same formulation by the same manufacturing process and under the same environmental conditions NOTE Any substantial change in production personnel, manufacturing process, source of raw materials, or

25、change in environmental conditions may justify identifying the material as a different lot. 4 Sampling Samples for testing in accordance with this International Standard shall be taken using a method which will provide a sample which is as representative as possible. In order to avoid any risk of co

26、ndensation, it is essential that the temperature of the powder in its original container is not lower than the ambient air temperature when the sample is being taken. Sample containers should not be opened until temperature equilibrium with the laboratory air has been reached. When sampling a lot, n

27、ot less than 12 kg of material shall be taken at random from a batch. For batch testing, not less than 2,5 kg selected from a container shall be taken at random. Suitably identified samples shall be stored in individual, clean, dry, airtight, non-reactive containers. In addition to these samples, an

28、 inspecting authority may require additional samples for verification testing. NOTE One suitable method of sampling is suggested in Annex C. 5 Characterization statement and requirements 5.1 General The manufacturer shall declare, on demand, the information and data specified in 5.2 to 5.5. The manu

29、facturer should conduct statistical measurements to ensure that the values declared correspond to the mean values of the range of values inherent to the manufacturing process. NOTE The characterization statement is primarily for identification and information purposes and to provide the reference va

30、lues for the tolerance requirements of 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4, but particular attention is drawn to 5.5. 5.2 Bulk density The bulk density of the powder shall be determined in accordance with 13.1. The bulk density shall be within 0,07 g/ml of the value declared by the manufacturer. 5.3 Sieve analysis Whe

31、n tested using the method specified in 13.2.2 or 13.2.3, the quantity retained on the 40 m sieve and on the 63 m sieve shall not differ from the declared value by more than 8 % of the total mass of the sample, and the quantity retained on the 125 m sieve shall not differ from the declared value by m

32、ore than 5 % of the total mass of the sample. The test method shall be declared with the results. 5.4 Chemical content Characteristic values for chemical content shall be expressed as percentages (mass fraction) of the total content. The characteristic values for chemical content shall include all c

33、onstituents present in the powder at a concentration representing 10 % or more of the total content. The sum of the characteristic values for chemical content shall be 90 % or more of the total content. Each constituent given a characteristic value shall be identified by its chemical name, or as the

34、 reaction product of a chemical process between reactants identified by their chemical names. 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 7202:2012(E) In the latter case, the chemical process shall be specified, for example by reference to a published patent. The content of a declared constituent shall be as

35、 follows: within 1,0 % of the total chemical content for constituents of characteristic value more than 10 % but not more than 15 %; within 1,5 % of the total chemical content for constituents of characteristic value more than 15 % but not more than 25 %; within 2,0 % of the total chemical content f

36、or constituents of characteristic value more than 25 % but not more than 65 %; within 3,0 % of the total chemical content for constituents of characteristic value more than 65 % and above. NOTE 1 For example, a constituent with a characteristic value of 20 % has tolerance limits of 18,5 % and 21,5 %

37、 and a constituent with a characteristic value of 80 % has tolerance limits of 77 % and 83 %. NOTE 2 The compatibility of the powder with foam depends on the powders chemical content. The test described in Annex A may allow a determination of foam/powder compatibility to be made. WARNING It is impor

38、tant that under normal conditions of use the various materials and additives used to produce powders be generally recognized as being non-toxic to humans. In some countries there may be a legal obligation to disclose to designated authorities the complete chemical content, and any proposed changes o

39、f chemical content, with documented details of non-toxicity. WARNING The mixing of different types of powders (e.g. ABC and BC) consisting of certain compounds (e.g. NH4H2PO4, NaHCO3 or CaCO3) and/or the mixing of these compounds as raw materials into one powder may result in caking, and the product

40、ion of gas which will increase pressure in the container to an unsafe level. Such increases in pressure have been known to cause containers to rupture, and to cause bodily injury and damage. WARNING Recovered powder may have been previously contaminated, and may have absorbed moisture . If it is t h

41、en rec y cled, the p ow d e r m ay e v entually b ecome l u m py and inter r upt the fl ow of p ow d e r when u se d on a fire . 5.5 Toxicity It is important that, under normal conditions of use, the various materials and additives used to produce extinguishing powders shall be generally recognized

42、as being non-toxic to humans. 6 Fire test performance The fire performance of extinguishing powders shall be evaluated following the procedures given in ISO 7165. 6.1 Class A When tested using the method specified in 13.3.1.1, extinguishing powders claimed by the manufacturer to be suitable for clas

43、s A fires shall comply with ISO 7165 for one of the minimum class A ratings, specified therein. 6.2 Class B When tested using the method specified in 13.3.1.2, extinguishing powders claimed by the manufacturer to be suitable for class B fires shall comply with ISO 7165 for one of the minimum class B

44、 ratings, specified therein. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3 ISO 7202:2012(E) 6.3 Class C Extinguishing powders claimed by the manufacturer to be suitable for class C fires shall comply with 6.2. NOTE There are no fire test requirements for the performance of extinguishing powders against class C fir

45、es included in this International Standard. Suitability for use against class C may be claimed for class B or class AB extinguishing powders only. 6.4 Class D When tested using the method specified in 13.3.1.3, extinguishing powders claimed by the manufacturer to be suitable for class D fires shall

46、comply with ISO 7165. Extinguishing powders suitable for class D fires are typically not suitable for use on fires of other classes. Specialized media and applicators are typically used. 7 Fluidity testing When tested using the method specified in 13.4, extinguishing powders shall not exceed an aver

47、age flow time of 8 s taken as an average of 20 single measurements. 8 Resistance to caking and lumping Any lumps formed shall not be retained on the 425 m sieve when the powder is tested in accordance with 13.5. 9 Water repellence There shall be no complete absorption of the water droplets when the

48、powder is tested in accordance with 13.6. 10 Moisture content The moisture content shall not exceed a mass fraction of 0,25 % when determined in accordance with 13.7. NOTE 1 An alternative method is to analyse the moisture by use of an infrared moisture meter which has been adjusted to provide resul

49、ts equal to the method described in 13.7. NOTE 2 A second alternative testing method is described in Annex D. 11 Electrical insulation value The powder shall have a dielectric strength of not less than 5 kV, when measured using the method specified in 13.8. This requirement shall not apply to class D powders. 12 Moisture absorbance The rate of weight increase of a saturated dry powder agent attained by exposing it to an environment with a temperature of 30 C and 60 % relative humidity for 48 h shall