1、 Reference number ISO 9239-2:2002(E) ISO 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9239-2 First edition 2002-12-15 Reaction to fire tests for floorings Part 2: Determination of flame spread at a heat flux level of 25 kW/m 2Essais de raction au feu des revtements de sol Partie 2: Dtermination de la propagation
2、de flamme un niveau de flux nergtique de 25 kW/m 2ISO 9239-2:2002(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and install
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5、ase inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writin
6、g from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2002 All rights reservedISO 9239-2:2
7、002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Apparatus. 2 5 Test specimen . 14 6 Conditioning 14 7 Calibration procedure. 14 8 Standard test procedure. 16 9 Expression of results 17 10 Precision 17 1
8、1 Test report 17 Annex A (informative) Gas and air supplies 18 Annex B (informative) Precision of the test method. 19 Bibliography . 20 ISO 9239-2:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
9、bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizat
10、ions, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in th
11、e ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of
12、the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 9239-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safe
13、ty, Subcommittee SC 1, Fire initiation and growth. ISO 9239 consists of the following parts, under the general title Reaction to fire tests for floorings: Part 1: Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source Part 2: Determination of flame spread at a heat flux level of 25 kW/m
14、2ISO 9239-2:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO/TR 5658-1 describes the development of standard tests for flame spread and explains the theory of flame spread, including horizontal flame spread over floorings. Floorings are not readily involved in fires but if fire develops due to
15、 other contents of a building burning, then floorings may ignite and it is necessary to be able to determine whether the flooring will propagate flames. This part of ISO 9239 provides a simple method by which horizontal surface spread of flame on a horizontal specimen can be determined for comparati
16、ve purposes. Fire is a complex phenomenon: its behaviour and its effects depend upon a number of interrelated factors. The behaviour of materials and products depends upon the characteristics of the fire, the method of the use of the materials and the environment in which they are exposed. The philo
17、sophy of “reaction to fire” tests is explained in ISO/TR 3814. A test such as is specified in this part of ISO 9239 deals only with a simple representation of a particular aspect of the potential fire situation typified by a radiant heat source and flame; it cannot alone provide any direct guidance
18、on behaviour or safety in fire. CAUTION: The possibility of a gas-air fuel explosion in the test chamber should be recognized. Suitable safeguards consistent with sound engineering practice should be installed in the panel fuel supply system. These should include at least the following: a gas feed c
19、ut-off which is immediately activated when air and/or gas supply fail; a temperature sensor or a flame detection unit directed at the panel surface that stops fuel flow when the panel flame goes out. Attention is drawn to the possibility that toxic or harmful gases may be produced during exposure of
20、 the specimens. In view of the potential hazard from products of combustion, the exhaust system shall be designed and operated so that the laboratory environment is protected from smoke and gas. The operator shall be instructed to minimize his exposure to combustion products by following sound safet
21、y practice, e.g., ensuring that the exhaust system is working properly, wearing appropriate clothing etc. The operator should also be aware that the walls and fittings of the test chamber become hot during the test and gloves should be worn to avoid burns. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9239-2:2002(E) I
22、SO 2002 All rights reserved 1Reaction to fire tests for floorings Part 2: Determination of flame spread at a heat flux level of 25 kW/m 21 Scope This part of ISO 9239 specifies a method for assessing the burning behaviour of horizontally mounted flooring systems exposed to a heat flux gradient in a
23、test chamber, when ignited with pilot flames. The radiant heat gradient is higher than the one described in ISO 9239-1 in order to simulate conditions in a corridor adjacent to a room containing a fully developed fire (post-flashover). This method is applicable to all types of flooring such as texti
24、le carpets, cork, wood, rubber and plastic coverings as well as coatings. Results obtained by this method reflect the performance of the flooring, including any substrate if used. Modifications of the backing, bonding to a substrate, underlay, or other changes of the flooring may affect test results
25、. This part of ISO 9239 is applicable to the measurement and description of the properties of floorings in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions. It should not be used alone to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of floorings under actual fire conditions. 2
26、Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety
27、Vocabulary ISO/TR 14697:1997, Fire tests Guidance on the choice of substrates for building products 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in ISO 13943, together with the following apply. 3.1 heat flux incident heat energy (both radiant and convective) per u
28、nit area (kW/m 2 ) 3.2 critical heat flux at extinguishment CHF incident heat flux at the surface of a specimen at the point where the flame ceases to advance and may subsequently go out ISO 9239-2:2002(E) 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved3.3 heat flux at X min HF-X total heat flux received by the spec
29、imen at the most distant spread of flame position after X min of testing 3.4 flux profile curve relating radiant flux on the specimen plane to distance from the zero point NOTE The zero point of the radiant flux profile is specified as the inner edge of the hottest side of the specimen holder. 3.5 f
30、lashing existence of flame on or over the surface of the specimen for periods of less than 1 s 3.6 transitory flaming existence of flame on or over the surface of the specimen for periods of between 1 s and 4 s 3.7 sustained flaming existence of flame on or over the surface of the specimen for perio
31、ds of more than 4 s 3.8 flame front furthest extent of flame spread of a sustained flame along the length of the test specimen within a given time 3.9 flooring upper layer of a floor, comprising any surface finish, with or without attached backing and with any accompanying underlay, interlayment and
32、 adhesive 3.10 substrate floor on which the flooring is mounted or the material that represents the floor 4 Apparatus 4.1 Test chamber 4.1.1 Location of chamber The test apparatus shall be placed in a room with a clearance of at least 0,4 m to the walls and the ceiling. 4.1.2 Construction of chamber
33、 The test chamber shall have the dimensions shown in Figures 1 to 4. The chamber shall be made of calcium silicate boards of (13 1) mm thickness and 650 kg/m 3nominal density, with a tightly fitting panel of fire- resistant glass of dimensions (110 10) mm (1 100 100) mm situated at the front, so tha
34、t the whole length of the specimen can be observed during the test. The chamber may have an outside metal cladding. Below this observation window, a tightly closing door shall be provided through which the test specimen platform can be moved in and out. ISO 9239-2:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserve
35、d 3Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 exhaust duct 2 exhaust hood 3 test chamber 4 gas-fired radiant panel 5 specimen holder with specimen 6 observation window 7 door for insertion and removal of specimen 8 pyrometer 9 illumination unit (optional) 10 slot for calibration filters 11 light receiver (opti
36、onal) 12 exhaust stack 13 tubes for purging air supply Figure 1 Side and plan view of test equipment ISO 9239-2:2002(E) 4 ISO 2002 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres Key 1 exhaust duct 7 exhaust hood 2 illumination unit (optional) 8 specimen holder with specimen 3 steel tubes for light mea
37、suring system (optional) 9 test chamber 4 light receiver (optional) 10 door for insertion and removal of specimen 5 collar or rubber rings 11 tubes for purging air supply 6 slot for calibration filters Figure 2 End view of test equipment ISO 9239-2:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 5Dimensions in
38、 millimetres Key 1 position for anemometer 6 gas-fired radiant panel 2 light measuring beam (optional) 7 radiating surface 3 exhaust stack 8 pilot burner 4 thermocouples 9 specimen holder with specimen 5 test chamber 10 pyrometer aDimension measured from the exposed surface of the specimen to the bo
39、ttom edge of the radiating panel. Figure 3 Section AA of test equipment ISO 9239-2:2002(E) 6 ISO 2002 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres Key 1 opening for light measuring system (optional) 6 radiating surface 2 exhaust stack 7 scale 3 thermocouples 8 specimen holder with specimen 4 test ch
40、amber 9 specimen transport system 5 gas-fired radiant panel 10 pyrometer aDimension measured from the zero point (the inner edge of the specimen holder) to the inner surface of the chamber wall. bDimension measured from the bottom edge of the radiating panel to the inner surface of the chamber wall.
41、 Figure 4 Section BB of test equipment ISO 9239-2:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 74.1.3 Ventilation into chamber The bottom of the chamber shall consist of a sliding platform, which shall have provision for rigidly securing the test specimen holder in a fixed and level position (see Figure 5).
42、 The total air access area between the chamber and the test specimen holder shall be (0,06 0,02) m 2and the base of the chamber shall be constructed so that the air enters at the hotter end of the exposed specimen. A ventilation control board, cut from (13 1) mm thick and 650 kg/m 3nominal density c
43、alcium silicate board, shall be inserted from the side of the chamber (see Figure 6). Other materials such as 1 mm thick steel sheet have also proved to be suitable for construction of the ventilation control board. An alternative way of creating a suitable air inlet is to fix calcium silicate board
44、s to the sides of the specimen tray (see Figure 7). This arrangement has the advantage that the black body temperature of the panel may be measured using the radiation pyrometer in its normal position. Key 1 illumination unit (optional) 6 gas-fired radiant panel 2 exhaust duct 7 pilot flames from li
45、ne burner 3 light receiver (optional) 8 scale 4 exhaust hood 9 specimen holder with specimen and with sliding platform 5 test chamber 10 air inlet at hotter end of specimen at bottom of chamber Figure 5 Perspective view showing test principle ISO 9239-2:2002(E) 8 ISO 2002 All rights reservedDimensio
46、ns in millimetres Key 1 exhaust stack 5 ventilation control board attached to underside of supporting framework 2 test chamber 6 air inlet 3 specimen holder 7 supporting framework 4 radiant panel 8 position of specimen holder aDimension is approximately 170 mm. bAir. cL and W dimensions are dependan
47、t upon specific apparatus construction such that W L = 0,06 m 2 0,01 m 2 . Figure 6 Typical location of ventilation control board for air inlet ISO 9239-2:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 9Key 1 chamber walls 4 air inlet 0,06 m 22 fill boards (to block air) 5 fill boards the same thickness and d
48、ensity as chamber walls 3 sliding specimen tray 6 fill boards fastened to specimen tray with angle iron and fasteners Figure 7 Air inlet configuration with calcium silicate boards fastened to the sides of the specimen tray ISO 9239-2:2002(E) 10 ISO 2002 All rights reserved4.2 Radiant panel The sourc
49、e of radiant heat energy shall be a panel of porous refractory material mounted in a cast iron frame, with a radiation surface of (300 10) mm (450 10) mm. The panel shall be capable of withstanding temperatures of up to 900 C and use a fuel gas/air mixing system with suitable instrumentation (see annex A) to ensure consistent and repeatable operation. The radiant heat panel shall be mounted in the chamber with its longer dimension at (30 1) to the horizontal plane
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