1、Reference number ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14754 First edition 1999-06-01 Information technology Pen-Based Interfaces Common gestures for Text Editing with Pen-Based Systems Technologies de linformation Interfaces bases sur une plume Mouvements courants en dition de texte
2、avec les systmes bass sur une plumeISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) ISO/IEC 1999 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing
3、from the publisher. ISO/IEC Copyright Office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 Switzerland Printed in Switzerland ii Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance1 3 Normative references 1 4 Terms and definitions1 5 Conventions 3 6 Required gesture commands 4 6.1 Select .4 6.1.1 Function .4 6.1.2 Gesture .4
4、6.1.3 Feedback 4 6.2 Delete .5 6.2.1 Function5 6.2.2 Gesture5 6.2.3 Feedback.6 6.3 Insert space .7 6.3.1 Function7 6.3.2 Gesture7 6.3.3 Feedback.7 6.4 Split line .8 6.4.1 Function8 6.4.2 Gesture8 6.4.3 Feedback.8 7 Required gesture commands for conditional functions9 7.1 Gesture commands not requiri
5、ng a buffer.9 ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) iii 7.1.1 Move9 7.1.1.1 Function.9 7.1.1.2 Gesture 9 7.1.1.3 Feedback .9 7.1.2 Copy 10 7.1.2.1 Function.10 7.1.2.2 Gesture 10 7.1.2.3 Feedback .10 7.2 Gesture commands requiring a buffer .11 7.2.1 Cut .11 7.2.1.1 Function.11 7.2.1.2 Gesture 11 7.2.1.3 Feed
6、back .11 7.2.2 Copy to buffer 12 7.2.2.1 Function.12 7.2.2.2 Gesture 12 7.2.2.3 Feedback .12 7.2.3 Paste .13 7.2.3.1 Function.13 7.2.3.2 Gesture 13 7.2.3.3 Feedback .13 8 Conditionally required gesture commands for required functions14 8.1 Scroll 14 8.1.1 Function14 8.1.2 Gesture .14 8.1.3 Feedback
7、14 8.2 Undo.15 8.2.1 Function15 8.2.2 Gesture .15 8.2.3 Feedback 15ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) ISO/IEC iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies tha
8、t are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other interna
9、tional organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint tec
10、hnical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/IEC 1475
11、4 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 35, User interfaces. ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) v Introduction Many systems using pen input mode have been produced. These systems recognize gestures as commands, unfortunately these gestures vary f
12、rom one system to another. In particular, the gestures conventionally used to make changes to the layout and content of text differ across systems. This International Standard specifies a set of basic gestures which will enable the user to operate a system regardless of its country of origin or spec
13、ific manufacturer. The advantage of these gestures lies in the fact that the indication of a location and the indication of an action to be performed on the object at that location can both be carried out simultaneously. The gestures chosen to indicate such functions are the most commonly used. Thes
14、e are essentially the kind of gestures covered by this International Standard. This International Standard consists of 8 clauses and covers commands for two types of required functions and also some optional functions.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) 1 Information technology Pen-
15、Based Interfaces Common gestures for Text Editing with Pen-Based Systems 1 Scope This International Standard defines the basic gesture commands for text editing with pen-based systems and defines the user actions required to have the system execute these commands. The feedback to the user when a ges
16、ture command has been correctly recognized is also defined. This International Standard does not define the user actions necessary for the input of characters. 2 Conformance A system conforms to this International Standard if it conforms to clauses 6, 7 and 8. 3 Normative references There are no Int
17、ernational Standards referenced. 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 4.1 action point point on the digitizer display where a gesture command will be executed 4.2 digitizer device which can detect the position touched by the pen 4.
18、3 end point final point of the stroke drawn by the penISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) ISO/IEC 2 4.4 gesture one or a sequence of actions and strokes made by a user upon the digitizer that invokes a gesture command 4.5 gesture command instruction to the system resulting from a gesture input by the user, e.g. S
19、elect, Move, Delete 4.6 lift-off action in which the user lifts the pen off the active digitizer surface 4.7 pause action where the user keeps the pen stationary for a certain time after touchdown 4.8 pen-based system system consisting of a pen and digitizer which can detect the position touched by
20、the pen and with which the user can input the data or commands using the pen 4.9 segment part of a stroke made by moving the pen in a straight line without changing direction 4.10 selected text continuous character string that the user has selected 4.11 start point first point of a stroke drawn by t
21、he pen 4.12 stroke continuous movement of the pen across the digitizer surface starting with a touchdownandend ingatalift-off ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) 3 4.13 tap to touch the digitizer briefly, typically less than one second, with the pen and then lift-off in approximately the same position 4.1
22、4 text area area where the text is displayed and the user can input gestures 4.15 touchdown action in which the user touches the active surface of the digitizer with a pen 4.16 visible trail path of the pen temporarily displayed by the digitizer until completion of the stroke 5 Conventions For the p
23、urposes of this International Standard, the following conventions apply to the diagrams in clauses 6, 7 and 8. Start point Direction of the stroke Touchdown and pause Tap and touchdown Stroke with a visible trail on the screen Area of selection Stroke without a visible trail on the screenISO/IEC 147
24、54:1999(E) ISO/IEC 4 6 Required gesture commands Systems conforming to this International Standard shall implement the functions and the corresponding gesture commands as described in this clause. 6.1 Select 6.1.1 Function The select function shall identify the area for subsequent editing commands,
25、such as move or copy. The continuous string of characters (including space) from the start point to the end point becomes the selected area. 6.1.2 Gesture The select gesture shall consist of the following elements: touchdown, pause, system feedback, continuation of the stroke in any direction and li
26、ft-off (see Figure 1). To initiate the select gesture, the user touches the screen and pauses until the system feedback is visible and then continues the stroke in any direction. The stroke does not have to be a straight line. 6.1.3 Feedback Visible feedback shall be provided to the user when the sy
27、stem recognizes the entering of a “select” command. Within the limitations of the technology, when the user continues the stroke, there shall be visible feedback to indicate the current extent of the selection. Where possible, audible feedback should accompany this command at the “pause” point. Exam
28、ples Figure 1 Gesture for the select function Visible feedback shall be provided to the user when the system identify the entering of a “select” command. Within the limitation of the technology, when the user continues the stroke, there shall be visible feedback to indicate the current extent of the
29、 selection. Visible feedback shall be provided to the user when the system identify the entering of a “select” command. Within the limitation of the technology, when the user continues the stroke, there shall be visible feedback to indicate the current extent of the selection. ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14754:
30、1999(E) 5 6.2 Delete 6.2.1 Function The delete function shall erase a section of the text. 6.2.2 Gesture The delete gesture shall consist of at least one of the following sequences of elements: a) Touchdown, a stroke of at least four segments in a zigzag manner as shown in Figure 2a and lift-off. Th
31、e segments of the zigzag should be about the same length and the segments may overlap. b) Touchdown, drawing of two segments of “V” which are drawn from top downward right followed by a right upward segment as shown in Figure 2b and lift-off. The action point shall be the start point. The length of
32、the second segment should be more than twice as the first one. Note1: If both gestures, a) and b), are available on the system, then the user should have the option to disable one of them. Note2: The stroke of these gestures may have no visible trail. Figure 2b Gesture for the delete function Figure
33、 2a Gesture for the delete functionISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) ISO/IEC 6 6.2.3 Feedback If a) or b) gesture have been detected, the system shall respond by deleting text. The space left by the removed text should be filled in by the remaining text as illustrated in the following example. 1) If no text has
34、 been previously selected, for a), the character strings covered by the gesture shall be deleted. for b), the character at the action point shall be deleted. 2) If a section of text has been previously selected, then that section of text shall be deleted. Examples 1) When no area is selected Gesture
35、 Result 1. He does not speak English. He does speak English. 2. He does not speak English. He does not speak English. 3. He does not speaks English. He does not speak English. 4. He does not speak English. He does not speak English. 2) When same area is pre-selected Gesture Result 1. He does not spe
36、ak English. He does speak English. 2. He does not speak English. He does speak English. 3. He does not speak English. He does speak English. 4. He does not speak English. He does speak English. 5. He does not speak English. He does speak English. 6. He does not speak English. He does speak English.
37、ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) 7 6.3 Insert space 6.3.1 Function The insert space function shall add a space within the text. 6.3.2 Gesture The insert space gesture shall consist of at least one of the following sequences of elements: a) Touchdown, drawing of a downward vertical segment continuing wi
38、th a horizontal segment to the right as shown in Figure 3a and lift-off. The action point shall be the start point. If insertion of several spaces is provided by the system, the number of spaces inserted shall be proportional to the length of the second segment of the stroke. a) Touchdown, drawing o
39、f two segments of an inverted “V” which are drawn from bottom upwards to the right followed by a right downward segment as shown in Figure 3b and lift-off. The action point shall be the top point of the stroke (apex) where a space shall be inserted. Note: If both gestures, a) and b), are available o
40、n the system, then the user should have the option to disable one of them. 6.3.3 Feedback The system shall insert a space immediately preceding the character position that includes the action point of the gesture. Examples Gesture Result He canspeak English. He can speak English. He canspeak English
41、. He can speak English. Figure 3a Gesture for the insert space function Figure 3b Gesture for the insert space functionISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) ISO/IEC 8 6.4 Split line 6.4.1 Function The split line function shall divide an existing line of text into two parts, leaving the first part on the existing li
42、ne and putting the second part at the beginning of the following line. 6.4.2 Gesture The split line gesture shall consist of the following sequence of elements: touchdown, a stroke of a downward vertical segment at the desired split point, continuing with a horizontal segment to the left, as shown i
43、n Figure 4 and lift-off. The action point shall be the start point. 6.4.3 Feedback The system shall terminate an existing line at the character position immediately preceding the character position that includes the action point of the gesture. The remaining text shall be placed at the start of the
44、new line inserted immediately after the existing line. Example Gesture Result He can speak English very well He can speak and can also speak French well. English very well and can also She can speak Japanese well. speak French well. She can speak Japanese well. Figure 4 Gesture for the split line fu
45、nction ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14754:1999(E) 9 Before Gesture Result The move function shall move selected text from one area to another. The gesture shall consist of the following elements: 7 Required gesture commands for conditional functions A conforming system without a buffer shall provide the two func
46、tions, “Move” and “Copy”. A conforming system with a buffer shall provide at least the three functions, “Cut”, “Copy to buffer” and “Paste”. 7.1 Gesture commands not requiring a buffer 7.1.1 Move 7.1.1.1 Function The move function shall move selected text from one area to another. 7.1.1.2 Gesture Th
47、e move gesture shall consist of the following sequence of elements: touchdown, pause within the selected text and drawing a stroke to the target position where the selected text will be inserted and lift-off (see Figure 5). The stroke may be made any direction from the start point. The action points
48、 shall be the start point and the end point. If all other gestures specified in this International Standard, except Copy, are implemented such that the start point shall be outside the selected text, then the pause in the move gesture may be omitted. 7.1.1.3 Feedback The system shall remove the sele
49、cted text from its original position and insert the selected text at the target position. It is not necessary for the system to show a visible link or trail between the selected text and its target position. The space left by the removed text should be filled in by the remaining text as illustrated in the following example. Example The move function shall move selected text from one area to another. The gesture shall consist of the following elements: The function shall move selected text from one area to another. The move gesture shall c
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