ISO IEC TR 24725-3-2010 Information technology for learning education and training - Supportive technology and specific integration - Part 3 Platform and Media .pdf

1、 Reference numberISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E)ISO/IEC 2010TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IECTR24725-3First edition2010-12-15Information technology for learning, education and training Supportive technology and specific integration Part 3: Platform and Media Taxonomy (PMT) Technologie de support ITLET et intgrati

2、on de spcification Technologie de support et intgration spcifique Partie 3: Taxinomie de plates-formes et de milieux ISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be

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6、r by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47

7、E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Terms and definitions .1 3 Abbreviated terms.2 4 Platform and Media Taxonomy 3 4.1 In

8、troduction3 4.2 Platform and Media Taxonomy (PMT) .3 4.3 Process to determine a Platform and Media Bundle based on the Platform and Media Taxonomy.4 5 Conformance .4 Annex A (informative) Examples of Platform and Media Bundles.5 Annex B (informative) Platform and Media Taxonomy Listing of current av

9、ailable technologies7 Bibliography12 ISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) iv ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that

10、 are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other internat

11、ional organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in

12、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at

13、least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when the joint technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide to publish a Technical Report.

14、 A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and shall be subject to review every five years in the same manner as an International Standard. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held r

15、esponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC TR 24725-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training. ISO/IEC TR 24725 consists of the following parts, under the g

16、eneral title Information technology for learning, education and training Supportive technology and specific integration: Part 1: Framework Technical Report Part 2: Rights Expression Language (REL) Commercial applications Technical Report Part 3: Platform and Media Taxonomy (PMT) Technical Report ISO

17、/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction Information technologies are being employed throughout the world to support learning, education and training activities using various media (digital video, audio, etc.) and varying platform configurations. Instructors, trainers,

18、mentors and learners can be located in different places around the world and can engage in activities synchronously or asynchronously. Teaching personnel, learners, administration and technical support staff can be separated by geographic distance and located in different time zones. With these cons

19、iderations in mind, it is essential that a shared standardized vocabulary and associated taxonomy be developed to support the interoperability and sound functioning of underlying information technology (IT) structures, including media and platform applications. The concept and structure of integrate

20、d supportive technologies and specifications that can be combined to sustain and enhance learning, education and training activities are specifed in ISO/IEC TR 24725-1. The purpose of ISO/IEC TR 24725-3 is to recommend when and how certain IT media and platform applications can be combined and used.

21、 A bundle of different media and platform technologies defines subsets or combinations of technologies that support a specific function, and can be associated with a particular application, community, and/or environment. Different bundles can be created and utilized to meet the needs of specific com

22、munities (e.g. learning communities, educational institutions, and corporate training organizations). Several technology bundles can be developed for different operating scenarios, such as “browser platform”, “workstation platform” and “media types”. These bundles are determined by first considering

23、 the function or purpose; then, the components required are identified from the taxonomy. The identification of the technologies can include consideration of compatibility issues and recommendations to ensure interoperability across diverse IT systems. It is expected that, over time, these profiles

24、will be updated and amended as needed to remain relevant to updates and changes resulting from the development of new and emerging technologies. This standard profile will identify existing standards and specifications of learning technology platforms and their content. It will not specify the techn

25、ical details, but limitations and enhancements to these standards and specifications. It is recognized that the bundling of technologies to support learning, education, and training activities has certain considerations that are not within the scope of this document, including but not limited to: a)

26、 suitability of technology bundles to meet basic requirements for 1) teaching (teaching style, underlying learning theory (or theories) employed, etc.), 2) learners (learning styles, previous experiences, attitudes towards technology, etc.), 3) subject matter (subject domain, level of complexity, te

27、chnical content, etc.), 4) milieu (networked environment at a university, corporate intranet, etc.), 5) other (privacy requirements, administrative and government reporting, etc.); b) technical considerations (e.g., backward and forward compatibility, migration, integration with multiple systems suc

28、h as Human Resource Information Systems, Student Information Systems, etc.); c) evaluation of technology bundle effectiveness in terms of intended function. It is anticipated that some or all of these considerations will be addressed in future editions of ISO/IEC 24725-3, in companion standards, Tec

29、hnical Reports, best practices guidelines, or in documents elsewhere. TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved 1Information technology for learning, education and training Supportive technology and specific integration Part 3: Platform and Media Taxonomy (PMT) 1 S

30、cope This part of ISO/IEC TR 24725 provides standardized vocabulary, taxonomy of media and platform technologies, and a process that can be used to describe different combinations or bundles of media and platform technologies, which are needed to perform identified functions or to support a class of

31、 applications for learners within or across various information technology environments. It provides examples of how and when bundles of technologies can be defined to support learning, education and training activities. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms

32、and definitions apply. 2.1 base standard approved ISO or IEC International Standard or ITU-T Recommendation ISO/IEC TR 10000-1:1998, 3.1.1 2.2 technology bundle set of one or more technologies that is necessary to accomplish a particular specified function NOTE A technology bundle might or might not

33、 include standards. 2.3 IT system interoperability ability of two or more IT systems to exchange information and to make mutual use of the information that has been exchanged ISO/IEC TR 14252:1996, 2.2.2.21 2.4 media digital assets, which may include separately or bundled together, text, audio, vide

34、o, image or graphics within an IT system 2.5 IT platform set of resources on which an application will run NOTE Adapted from ISO/IEC TR 11017:1998, 3.1. ISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved2.6 software application portability capability of a program to be executed on various

35、 types of data processing systems often involving recompiling, with little or no manual modification ISO 1087-2:2000 2.7 standard documented agreement containing technical specifications or other precise criteria to be used consistently as rules, guidelines, or definitions of characteristics, to ens

36、ure that materials, products, processes and services are fit for their purpose 3 Abbreviated terms API Application Programming Interface BMP Bitmap Format CGM Computer Graphics Metafile CSS Cascading Style Sheets DOM Document Object Model GIF Graphics Interchange Format HTML Hypertext Markup Languag

37、e NOTE This is an ISO/IEC International Standard. IETF Internet Engineering Task Force ITLET Information Technology for Learning, Education and Training JPEG Joint Picture Experts Group NOTE A multi-part ISO/IEC International Standard. JVM Java Virtual Machine MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group NOTE

38、 A multi-part ISO/IEC International Standard. MP3 MPEG-3 (moving picture experts group, level 3) NOTE Part of a multi-part ISO/IEC International Standard. ODF Open Document Format NOTE This is an ISO/IEC International Standard. OpenDML Open Digital Media Library PDF Portable Document Format NOTE A m

39、ulti-part ISO/IEC International Standard. ISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved 3PNG Portable Network Graphics NOTE This is an ISO/IEC International Standard. RFC Request For Comments SDK Software Development Kit SVG Scalable Vector Graphics TIFF Tag Image File Format NOTE A mu

40、lti-part ISO/IEC International Standard. WAV audio wave format WMV Windows Media Video WP Wordperfect W3C World Wide Web Consortium 4 Platform and Media Taxonomy 4.1 Introduction Taxonomy can be used to identify the links between a class or category and items within the class or category and is said

41、 to have the property of inheritance, which means that the items within a category or class share the properties of that class or category. In the case of the Platform and Media Taxonomy provided in 5.2, two classes or categories are provided platform and media and the related technologies have been

42、 organized within these two categories. Subclause 5.2 provides a simplified ITLET Platform and Media Taxonomy. Subclause 5.3 provides a process for determining a platform and media bundle in order to perform a specific function. Examples of how Platform and Media Bundles can be developed to perform

43、a specific function are provided in Annex A and a more detailed listing of technologies within the taxonomy is provided in Annex B. 4.2 Platform and Media Taxonomy (PMT) Recognizing that new technologies are being developed over time, the structure of the ITLET Platform and Media Taxonomy has been s

44、implified to include general categories of items. A more detailed listing of the technologies within the taxonomy framework is provided in Annex B. NOTE The figures provided below may require modifications and improvement. Media WorkstationSoftware IT SystemIT Platform Figure 1 Platform and Media Ta

45、xonomy ISO/IEC TR 24725-3:2010(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedFile type Communication protocols and ports Browser plugins cookies enabled Java enabled text audio video examples FTP IRC port 53531 Media Figure 2 Platform and Media Taxonomy Examples 4.3 Process to determine a Platform and Media

46、Bundle based on the Platform and Media Taxonomy Depending on the function for which technologies are being assembled, the required platform browser and workstation components are identified, as well as the media components and supportive technologies. These components are grouped together in a bundl

47、e. Communication with vendors, learners, developers, administrators, and other stakeholders may be facilitated through the use of standardized bundles of technologies that are identified to support specific ITLET functions. 5 Conformance The vendors who have created or combined specifications refere

48、nced in these technology bundles may not claim that their formats have been standardized because they have been referenced in this part of ISO/IEC TR 24725. Some may already be international standards, others may be in the process of becoming international standards, and some may not be internationa

49、l standards. It is the taxonomy and the process of bundling the technologies using a common vocabulary that has been standardized within this part of ISO/IEC TR 24725. This part of ISO/IEC TR 24725 may reference technologies, specifications, and standards, and does so in the manner of a reference. The intellectual property of the referenced specifications and technologies is still retained by the respective original intellectual property holders. The technology bundles only reference documents, techn