1、Conformity assessment Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons valuation de la conformit Vocabulaire li la comptence des personnes utilise pour la certification de personnes ISO 2014 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/IEC TS 17027 First edition 2014-03-01 Reference numb
2、er ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includ
3、ing photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41
4、22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions . 1 Bibliography .11 ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organizat
5、ion for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respect
6、ive organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of conformity
7、assessment, the ISO Committee on conformity assessment (CASCO) is responsible for the development of International Standards and Guides. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical co
8、mmittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may deci
9、de to publish other types of document: an ISO/IEC Publicly Available Specification (ISO/IEC PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO
10、/IEC Technical Specification (ISO/IEC TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it wil
11、l be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn
12、 to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC/TS 17027 was prepared by the ISO Committee on conformity assessment (CASCO). It was circulated for voting to th
13、e national bodies of both ISO and IEC, and was approved by both organizations.iv ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) Introduction This Technical Specification specifies the terms and definitions related to competence and certification of persons, including relevant training termino
14、logy. ISO has published a number of standards and other related documents referring to competence of persons (e.g. ISO 9001, ISO/IEC 17021, ISO/IEC 17024), and this has highlighted a need to develop consistent terminology. The objective of this Technical Specification is to facilitate a common under
15、standing among interested parties of the vocabulary associated with certification and competence of persons. It is also intended to be beneficial in increasing alignment across standards that relate to credentials. In this Technical Specification, the verbal form “can” indicates a possibility or a c
16、apability. Further details can be found in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. ISO 2014 All rights reserved v Conformity assessment Vocabulary related to competence of persons used for certification of persons 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies terms and definitions related to the competence
17、 of persons used in the field of certification of persons, in order to establish a common vocabulary. These terms and definitions can also be used as applicable in other documents specifying competence of persons, such as regulations, standards, certification schemes, research, training, licensing a
18、nd registration. 2 Terms and definitions 2.1 ability capacity to perform an activity 2.2 accommodation of special needs modification of assessment (2.8) methods or its administration made to account for the effects of a disability without altering the validity (2.79) of the assessment 2.3 accreditat
19、ion third-party attestation (2.9) related to a conformity assessment body conveying formal demonstration of its competence (2.25) to carry out specific conformity assessment tasks Note 1 to entry: Accreditation refers to conformity assessment bodies only, and not to persons. SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:20
20、04, 5.6, modified Note 1 to entry has been added. 2.4 adverse impact of examinations unanticipated examination (2.39) results for a specific group of persons Note 1 to entry: Examples of specific groups of persons include groups based on race, gender, age, ethnic origin, language or religion. 2.5 ap
21、peal request by applicant (2.6), candidate (2.12) or certified person (2.22) for reconsideration of any decision made by the certification body (2.17) related to his/her desired certification (2.16) status SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.19 2.6 applicant person who has submitted an application to be a
22、dmitted into a certification process (2.19) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.13 2.7 approval of persons procedure based on predefined factors and an issuance of a documented statement by which the governmental or other designated body recognizes persons to perform specific activities Note 1 to entry: C
23、ertification (2.16) or other conformity assessment procedures can be a prerequisite for approval. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1 ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) 2.8 assessment process that evaluates a persons fulfilment of the requirements of the certificati
24、on scheme (2.21) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.8 2.9 attestation issue of a statement, based on a decision following a review, that fulfilment of specified requirements has been demonstrated SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2004, 5.2, modified Notes to entry have been removed. 2.10 attribute inherent character
25、istic of a person EXAMPLE Visual acuity; sensitivity to others; openness. 2.11 bias presence of any factors that can unfairly influence examination (2.39)items (2.52), examination scores or certification (2.16) results Note 1 to entry: Bias can occur at many points, such as when developing examinati
26、on items, scoring examinations or making certification decisions. 2.12 candidate applicant (2.6) who has fulfilled specified prerequisites and has been admitted to the certification process (2.19) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.14 2.13 category of persons certificate holders (2.15) who perform the sa
27、me type of activities or tasks EXAMPLE Welders; non-destructive testing (NDT) personnel; nurses; construction machinery operators. 2.14 certificate document issued by a certification body (2.17) for persons operating in accordance with ISO/IEC 17024, indicating that the named person has demonstrated
28、 the competence (2.25) required by the certification scheme (2.21) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.5, modified 2.15 certificate holder person named as a subject of a valid certificate (2.14) or a valid training certificate (2.77.1) 2.16 certification third-party attestation (2.9) related to persons SO
29、URCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2004, 5.5, modified2 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) 2.17 certification body third-party conformity assessment body operating certification schemes (2.21) for persons Note 1 to entry: A certification body can be non-governmental or governmental, with or with
30、out regulatory authority. 2.18 certification mark certification logo protected mark or logo issued by a certification body (2.17) for persons, indicating that a person is in conformity with specified requirements SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17030:2003, 3.1, modified 2.19 certification process activities by whic
31、h a certification body (2.17) determines that a person fulfils certification requirements (2.20), including application, assessment (2.8), decision on certification (2.16), recertification (2.64) and use of certificates (2.14) and logos/marks (2.18) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.1 2.20 certification
32、 requirements set of specified requirements, including requirements of the scheme to be fulfilled in order to establish or maintain certification (2.16) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.3 2.21 certification scheme competence (2.25) and other requirements related to specific occupational or skilled cate
33、gories of persons (2.14) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.2, modified Note to entry has been deleted. 2.22 certified person person who holds a certificate (2.14) 2.23 code of conduct document specifying the ethical or personal behaviour required by a certification scheme (2.21) Note 1 to entry: Adapted
34、 from ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 8.2, Note 2. 2.24 code of practice standard of practice rules, requirements, responsibilities or conditions that describe the minimal level of expected performance of a category of persons (2.13) 2.25 competence ability (2.1) to apply knowledge (2.56) and skills (2.74) to a
35、chieve intended results SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.6 ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3 ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) 2.26 complaint expression of dissatisfaction, other than appeal (2.5), by any person or organization to a certification body (2.17), relating to the activities of that body or the activiti
36、es of a certified person (2.22), where a response is expected SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2004, 6.5, modified 2.27 continuing professional development continuing education activities undertaken by a person after initial education or training (2.77) to maintain, improve or increase his/her knowledge (2.56)
37、 and skills (2.74) related to his/her professional activities 2.28 credential recognition of qualification (2.63) or competence (2.25) issued to a person by an organization EXAMPLE Academic diplomas; academic degrees; certifications (2.16); certificates (2.14); licences (2.58). 2.29 credentialing pr
38、ocess by which an organization issues a credential (2.28) 2.30 criterion-referenced pass mark criterion-referenced cut score objective-based cut score cut score (2.60) established by evaluating characteristics of the examination (2.39), rather than by evaluating performance of the candidates (2.12)
39、in the examination 2.31 designation governmental authorization of a certification body (2.17) for persons to perform specified certification (2.16) activities for persons SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2004, 7.2, modified 2.32 designation for persons awarding of a title or trademarked label to a person by a
40、governmental or credentialing (2.29) organization 2.33 diagnostic score report score report (2.71) that contains detailed examination (2.39) performance information, such as strengths and weaknesses 2.34 difficulty index item difficulty measure of the proportion of examinees who responded to an exam
41、ination (2.39)item (2.52) or question correctly Note 1 to entry: Difficulty index is also referred to as the p-value. 2.35 e-assessment use of information technology for any activity related to assessment (2.8) Note 1 to entry: Specific types of e-assessments include assessment of cognitive and prac
42、tical abilities (2.1) through computerized adaptive testing or computerized classification testing.4 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E) 2.36 eligibility fulfilment of prerequisites by applicants (2.6) Note 1 to entry: Prerequisites can include a combination of experience and educa
43、tion. 2.37 equating of examinations process of determining comparable scores on different examination forms (2.43) 2.38 equivalence of certification results different certification processes (2.19) which result in the same competence (2.25) outcomes 2.39 examination test mechanism that is part of an
44、 assessment (2.8) which measures a candidates (2.12)competence (2.25) by one or more means, such as written, oral, practical and observational, as defined in the certification scheme (2.21) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17024:2012, 3.9, modified The term “test” has been added as an alternative term. 2.39.1 comput
45、er-based examination computer-based test CBT examination (2.39) delivered through the use of a computer 2.39.2 criterion-referenced examination examination (2.39) that compares the performance of examinees to an established standard of competence (2.25) Note 1 to entry: Certification (2.16) and lice
46、nce (2.58) examinations are typically criterion-referenced, rather than norm-referenced. 2.39.3 norm-referenced examination examination (2.39) that compares the performance of an examinee to the performance of other examinees in the same examination 2.39.4 standardized examination examination (2.39)
47、 in which specific procedures are consistently followed Note 1 to entry: Specific procedures which are consistently followed allow examination scores to be comparable. 2.40 examination adaptation process of modifying an examination (2.39) for use in other languages or cultures, based on linguistic,
48、cultural and practice pattern differences 2.41 examination administration process of delivering examinations (2.39) to examinees Note 1 to entry: Examination administration typically involves standardized procedures and operational conditions. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 5 ISO/IEC TS 17027:2014(E)
49、2.42 examination blueprint examination outline listing of the content areas to be included in an examination (2.39), together with the criteria (weighting) of the content areas on the overall examination 2.43 examination form alternate sets of examination (2.39) questions assessing the same competences (2.25) within the same organization or body 2.44 examination modification modification of an examination (2.39) or its administration (2.41), made to account for the effects of a disability without
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