1、 ISO 2013 Road vehicles Test procedures for evaluating out-of-position vehicle occupant interactions with deploying air bags Vhicules routiers Mthodes dessai pour lvaluation des interactions dun occupant en position anormale dans un vhicule et des sacs gonflables en cours de dploiement TECHNICAL REP
2、ORT ISO/TR 10982 Second edition 2013-11-15 Reference number ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) ISO/TR 10982:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
3、or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 C
4、H-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Test drive
5、 1 4.1 General . 1 4.2 50th percentile male Hybrid III dummy . 2 4.3 “Small female” Hybrid III dummy . 2 4.4 Three-year-old child Hybrid III dummy 2 5 Instrumentation 2 5.1 Adult size dummy . 2 5.2 Three-year-old child dummy 2 5.3 Data requirements . 3 5.4 Dummy test temperature . 3 6 Sled pulses .
6、3 6.1 General . 3 6.2 Mild severity crash pulse 3 6.3 Moderate severity crash pulse . 3 7 Static and dynamic test for driver air bag systems . 6 7.1 Test set-up . 6 7.2 Prepositioned driver tests . 6 7.3 Acceleration-induced out-of-position driver dynamic tests 7 8 Static and dynamic tests for passe
7、nger air bag systems, using child dummy .8 8.1 General . 8 8.2 Test set-up . 8 8.3 Child dummy test positions . 8 8.4 Child dummy static tests for passenger air bag systems .10 8.5 Child dummy dynamic tests for passenger air bag systems .10 9 Static and dynamic tests for passenger air bag systems us
8、ing adult dummies 10 9.1 General 10 9.2 Test set-up 10 9.3 Adult dummy positions near instrument panel 11 9.4 Adult dummy static tests for passenger air bag systems 11 9.5 Adult dynamic tests for passenger air bag systems .11 Bibliography .13 ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) Foreword ISO (the International Orga
9、nization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establis
10、hed has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization
11、 The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with t
12、he editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any pat
13、ent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. Fo
14、r an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for
15、 this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 10, Impact test procedures. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 10982:1998), which has been technically revised. Annex A of this Technical Report is for information only.iv ISO 2013 All rights reserved ISO/TR
16、10982:2013(E) Introduction Although laws concerning the mandatory use of seat belts and child restraints have been enacted in most ISO member countries, surveys and accident statistics indicate that between 10 % and 50 % of front seat occupants involved in accidents had not used these restraint syst
17、ems. Most, if not all, new vehicles marketed with air bags in ISO member countries specify that the air bag is supplemental to the existing belt/child seat restraint systems. However, front seat occupants may not comply with manufacturers recommendations and laws. Hence, they may be near or against
18、deploying driver and/or passenger air bag modules during collisions. Some data indicate that small, unrestrained children may get into such positions due to voluntary precrash riding positions 1and/or due to preimpact braking and/or collision forces. 2These factors may also cause some adults to be n
19、ear the air bag modules, but preimpact braking is likely to have less effect on adults. During the inflation process, an air bag generates a considerable amount of kinetic energy and as a result substantial forces can be developed between the deploying air bag and the out-of-position occupant. Accid
20、ent data and laboratory test results 49have indicated that these forces could cause injuries to the head, neck, thorax, abdomen and legs. Both mild and moderate severity crash pulses are described in this Technical Report. These pulses represent general deceleration-time histories. The mild severity
21、 crash pulse is near the threshold of many air bag deployments and represents a frequent accident event. This pulse can be used for child testing, since they are more likely than adults to be near the air bag modules in threshold deployment collisions. Since preimpact braking has much less of an eff
22、ect on adults, the moderate severity crash pulse can be used for adult testing. These described pulses or other vehicle-specific pulses may be used. This Technical Report describes the more common interactions, recognizing that the range of possible interactions is essentially limitless. This docume
23、nt is published as a Technical Report, rather than as an International Standard, because of the general inexperience in air bag testing and lack of real-world accident data correlation. When sufficient real-world data are available and/or there is sufficient testing experience, it may be appropriate
24、 to develop an International Standard. ISO 2013 All rights reserved v Road vehicles Test procedures for evaluating out-of- position vehicle occupant interactions with deploying air bags 1 Scope This Technical Report outlines a number of test procedures that can be used for investigating the interact
25、ions that could occur between the deploying air bag and the occupant who is near the module at the time of deployment. Static and dynamic tests to investigate both driver and passenger systems are described. Comparative evaluation of the designs can be conducted using static tests. Favourable system
26、s may be evaluated, if deemed necessary, by appropriate dynamic tests. Children and infants restrained in child or infants seats are the subject of another Technical Report. 20 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are in
27、dispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6487:2012, Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation SAE J211, Part-1 Instru
28、mentation for impact test 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply. 3.1 passenger air bag module locationrearward deploying module location in the area of the instrument panel, normally used for knee bolsters 3.2 passenger air bag module locationr
29、earward deploying module location above the knee bolster area in the instrument panel 3.3 passenger air bag module locationair bag system that deploys through the top surface of the instrument panel 3.4 out-of-position occupant vehicle occupant who is near the air bag module at the time of deploymen
30、t 4 Test drive 4.1 General Two sizes of adult dummies and one child size dummy are available for out-of-position occupant investigations. It is suggested that the adult dummies be equipped with an optional neck cover to give a more humanlike shape to the neck and neck-head junction. TECHNICAL REPORT
31、 ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1 ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) 4.2 50th percentile male Hybrid III dummy This dummy is specified in FMVSS part 572, subpart E. 4.3 “Small female” Hybrid III dummy The small female dummy is a scaled-down version of the Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy.
32、The size, shape, response and measurement capability were defined by a task force of the SAE Human Biomechanics and Simulation Standards Committee. 11This dummy is specified in FMVSS part 572, subpart O. 4.4 Three-year-old child Hybrid III dummy This dummy was developed for passenger air bag testing
33、 12by a task force of the SAE Human Biomechanics and Simulation Standards Committee and is commercially available. This dummy is specified in FMVSS part 572, subpart P. 5 Instrumentation 5.1 Adult size dummy Measurements that can be made or calculated using these test devices are listed below: facia
34、l forces; 19 head triaxial acceleration (three channels); head angular acceleration in sagittal place (at least one channel for an extra linear accelerometer); upper neck (C-1: occipital condyles) forces and moments (six channels); lower neck (C-7, T-1) forces and moments (six channels); chest triax
35、ial acceleration (three channels); mid-sternum to thoracic spine deflection (one channel); mid-sternum acceleration (one channel); upper and lower ribcage deflection 1)(five channels); lower thoracic spine (T-12) forces and moments 2)(five to six channels); pelvis triaxial acceleration (three channe
36、ls); for systems using inflatable knee restraints, the full spectrum of Hybrid III multi-channel femur and tibia load cells and knee displacement transducers can be used to measure leg loading. 5.2 Three-year-old child dummy Measurements that can be made or calculated using the child dummy are liste
37、d below: head triaxial acceleration (three channels); head angular acceleration in sagittal plane (at least one channel for an extra linear accelerometer); upper neck (C-1) forces and moments (six channels); 1) Instrumentation for measurements is being developed and is expected to be available for b
38、oth dummies at a later date. 2) Only available for the small female.2 ISO 2013 All rights reserved ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) lower neck (C-1/T-1) forces and moments (six channels); shoulder forces (F x , F z ; four channels); sternal acceleration (a x ; two channels); sternal deflection (one channel); sp
39、ine triaxial accelerations (T-1, T-4, T-12; nine channels); lumbar forces and moments (six channels); pubic forces (F x , F z ; two channels); pelvis triaxial acceleration (three channels). 5.3 Data requirements All measurements should be recorded and filtered according to ISO 6487 and SAE J211 for
40、body regions. These measurements should be continuous functions of time so other quantities, such as those found in references 8 , 9 , 13 - 17may be derived. 5.4 Dummy test temperature The test dummy temperature should be within the range of 20,6 C to 22,2 C (69 F to 72 F) at a relative humidity of
41、10 % to 70 % after a soak period of at least four hours prior to its application in a test. 6 Sled pulses 6.1 General Mild severity and moderate severity crash pulses are defined in 6.2 and 6.3. The out-of-position child may be exposed to a pulse similar to the mild severity crash pulse since collis
42、ions of similar severity occur most often, and preimpact braking will cause the child to be out-of-position more often than the collision dynamics. 6.2 Mild severity crash pulse This pulse is a half sine type with a peak acceleration occurring near the centre of the time duration of (8 1)g 3)between
43、 40 ms to 100 ms, a velocity change of (27 2) km/h, and a (150 5) ms pulse duration. Typical acceleration-time and velocity-time curves, and nominal acceleration are shown in Figures 1 and 2. 6.3 Moderate severity crash pulse This pulse is a half sine type with a peak acceleration occurring near the
44、 centre of the time duration of (13 1)g between 40 ms to 80 ms, a velocity change of (29 2) km/h, and a (110 5) ms pulse duration. Typical acceleration-time and velocity-time curves, and nominal acceleration are shown in Figures 3 and 4. 3) g = 9,806 65 m/s 2 ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3 ISO/TR 10
45、982:2013(E) Figure 1 Generic Hyge sled pulse for a mild crash severity Figure 2 Velocity-time history of the generic mild crash severity sled pulse4 ISO 2013 All rights reserved ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) Figure 3 Generic Hyge sled pulse for a moderate crash pulse Figure 4 Velocity-time history of the gen
46、eric moderate crash severity sled pulse ISO 2013 All rights reserved 5 ISO/TR 10982:2013(E) 7 Static and dynamic test for driver air bag systems Two static prepositioned out-of-position driver tests and three acceleration-induced out-of-position driver dynamic tests are described in this clause. No
47、priority is assigned to any of these interactions. 7.1 Test set-up Mount the steering wheel, air bag module and steering column to an open structure or body buck by the normal column mounting means, so the mounting is at least as rigid as the actual vehicle mounting. The column should be mounted at
48、the design column angle. The steering wheel may be in any desired rotated position (i.e. straight ahead, rotated 90, 180, etc.). If practicable, use the actual instrument panel. If not, knee bolsters with performance characteristics near those expected in production should be mocked into the buck at
49、 package location. If the windshield is expected to play any part in the deployment, then it or a mock-up must be included. Any on-vehicle hardware that might restrict column axial movement during inflation should be included. This buck should be mounted to any suitable sled or other test mechanism that produces the desired acceleration-time pulse. 7.2 Prepositioned driver tests 7.2.1 General Place the test device on any suitable seating sur
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