1、Reference number ISO/TS 15624:2001(E) ISO 2001 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 15624 First edition 2001-01-15 Transport information and control systems Traffic Impediment Warning Systems (TIWS) System requirements Systmes de commande et dinformation des transports Systmes davertissement des obstacles
2、 au trafic (TIWS) Exigences des systmesISO/TS 15624:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the
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5、m the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ei
6、ther ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reservedISO/TS 15624:2001(E) ISO
7、2001 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions .1 3 Specifications and requirements .2 3.1 General specifications 2 3.2 Classifications3 3.3 Objects constituting traffic impediments and detection coverage 3 3.4 Types of sensors .4 3.5 Provisio
8、n of information .4 3.6 Range of information provision to drivers6 3.7 CCTV camera installation interval8 4 System testing method .8 4.1 System performance test8 4.2 System function test .8 Annex A (informative) Incidents of traffic impediment events .9 Annex B (informative) Issues to be addressed a
9、nd not addressed.12 Annex C (informative) Place for introducing a system13 Annex D (informative) Specific example of CCTV camera monitoring range .15 Annex E (informative) Symbols .16 Annex F (informative) Example for providing contents of information.17 Annex G (informative) Specific example of var
10、iable message sign installation interval.18 Annex H (informative) Specific example of system reaction time .22 Annex I (informative) Camera installation interval.24 Annex J (informative) System testing method .27ISO/TS 15624:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Org
11、anization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establi
12、shed has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardizatio
13、n. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
14、Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document: an ISO P
15、ublicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreeme
16、nt between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed every three years with a view to deciding whether it can be transformed into an International Standard. Attention
17、is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Technical Specification may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 15624 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Transport information and control s
18、ystems. Annexes A to J of this Technical Specification are for information only.ISO/TS 15624:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved v Introduction Once an accident occurs on a highway, the accident and congestion and other hazardous conditions may result in blocking of the lanes. This often leads to a
19、 situation where the safety of the traffic flow behind the accident cannot be guaranteed. Conventionally, it could take more than ten minutes before the occurrence of an accident is known, since accidents are generally reported by emergency telephones installed along the road. In the case of minor a
20、ccidents, drivers usually drive away without reporting the incident. Detection, therefore, is very difficult, and there are cases where damaged facilities often obstruct traffic flow. The main system function of a Traffic Impediment Warning System (TIWS) is to secure a smooth and safe flow of traffi
21、c subsequent to an accident, and can be achieved by: quick detection of an accident, rapid processing of the initial activities surrounding the accident and removal of impediments, dissipating traffic congestion at an early stage, and providing information to following vehicles. The goal of TIWS is
22、a partial automation of the traffic impediment information collection and provision, and the reduction of the workload of the driver with the aim to support and relieve the driver and the traffic system operator in a convenient manner. This Technical Specification may be used as a system level stand
23、ard by other standards, which extends the TIWS to a more detailed standard e.g. for specific sensor concepts or higher level of functionality. So, issues like specific requirements for the sensor function and performance or communication links for cooperative solutions will not be considered in this
24、 document.TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 15624:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1 Transport information and control systems Traffic Impediment Warning Systems (TIWS) System requirements 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies system requirements for Traffic Impediment Warning Systems (TIW
25、S). The purposes of the warning system are that information collected by the infrastructure is automatically and quickly provided to vehicles and reported to the traffic system operator, so vehicles can avoid secondary accidents. A major function of the system is to save lives by speedier rescue act
26、ivities and, a quicker clearing up of accident- caused congestion. This Technical Specification focuses on closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras as the sensors, to detect traffic impediments using image processing and variable message signs as the communication method to provide information to dr
27、ivers. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 Traffic Impediment Warning Systems TIWS system that automatically detects traffic impediments by employing sensors, reports occurrences of accidents to a traffic system ope
28、rator, and provides information on the presence of traffic impediments to following vehicles before the cause is visible to them NOTE See annex A. 2.2 stopped vehicles vehicle that has stopped in a traffic lane or on the shoulder of the roadway 2.3 slow moving vehicles vehicle travelling at or below
29、 “A” km/h within a traffic flow NOTE The value for “A” is to be determined according to the road configuration and speed limit. 2.4 judgement distance distance travelled by a vehicle until the driver judges what action is to be taken after having received information about a traffic impediment 2.5 r
30、eaction distance distance travelled by a vehicle from the time the driver judged what action to take until the time the brake is applied after having been notified of a traffic impediment 2.6 braking distance distance the vehicle needs in order to stop after the brakes have been appliedISO/TS 15624:
31、2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 2.7 camera blind spot range distance from the location where a camera is installed to the beginning of the area over which the camera is able to monitor traffic impediments NOTE The camera is unable to monitor traffic impediments in this blind area. 2.8 out-of-
32、sight range distance from the point where a variable message sign becomes no longer readable to the place where the variable message sign is located 2.9 average spacing average distance between the front of one vehicle and another in a continuous traffic flow NOTE This parameter is inversely proport
33、ional to the density of traffic. 3 Specifications and requirements 3.1 General specifications The system configuration should be in accordance with Figure 1. a The information collection subsystems consist of equipment to detect traffic impediments by various sensors installed on, or alongside, a ro
34、ad. This Techical Specification focuses on the detection of traffic impediments from image processing by using CCTV cameras serving as sensors to automatically detect traffic impediments. b The processing and judgement subsystem processes the information detected from a camera, and/or a sequence of
35、cameras, and determines the occurrence of traffic impediments. c The monitoring, operating and recording subsystem notifies the traffic system operator using an alarm or another method when a traffic impediment is detected. The subsystem, using monitor TV, allows the operator to confirm both the sit
36、uation and the location of the impediment. The operator can then change the information provided to drivers as necessary, record the situation with a VCR, or take action. d The notification subsystem provides information about the traffic impediments to drivers using variable message signs and other
37、 means. Alternatively, it can forcibly close roads or prohibit traffic through certain roads. Figure 1 System configurationISO/TS 15624:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3 3.2 Classifications Table 1 presents a conceptual basis of the system. The table indicates that secondary accidents can be av
38、oided and drivers protected in the future because of the speedy detection and quick provision of information concerning traffic impediments. Current standardization subjects are those indicated by “X” in the table. NOTE The detection of congestion is not within the range of the systems addressed in
39、this Technical Specification. TIWS should detect stopped vehicles and/or slow moving vehicles at the tail of a congestion queue. 3.3 Objects constituting traffic impediments and detection coverage 3.3.1 Detection objects 3.3.1.1 Level 1: Stopped vehicles and slow moving vehicles, excluding motorcycl
40、es 3.3.1.2 Level 2: Level 1 + change in the movement of vehicles performed to avoid some obstacle or hazardous condition that is present 3.3.1.3 Level 3: Level 2 + motorcycles 3.3.1.4 Level 4: Level 3 + other obstacles NOTE 1 Level 1 is currently being considered as a subject for standardization. NO
41、TE 2 Limits of the size of detectable obstacles related to Level 4 are not addressed in this Technical Specification. NOTE 3 Vehicle includes three-wheeled vehicles. 3.3.2 Detection coverage The detection coverage in transverse directions shall include all traffic lanes and shoulders. The detection
42、coverage in longitudinal directions should be determined according to the sensor instrument performance, detection time, installation height and peripheral environment (see annex D). Table 1 System concept for TIWS Detection objects Detection systems Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Information provi
43、ding methods Infrastructure system Infrastructure- infrastructure Class 1 a X Variable message sign Class 2 b XV a r i a b l e Cooperative system Infrastructure- vehicle Class 3 c Beacon, leakage coaxial cable, variable message, sign, radio NOTE Levels are defined in 3.3. a Necessary traffic informa
44、tion that has been collected by the infrastructure and reported to the traffic system operator is provided to the travellers via variable message signs. b Information collected by the infrastructure is automatically provided to equipment (i.e. variable message signs) which are installed in the infra
45、structure to improve the safe traffic flow of following vehicles. The information is also reported to the traffic system operator. c Information collected by the infrastructure is automatically provided to devices installed in a vehicle (i.e. radio, navigation display) by various communication metho
46、ds (i.e. beacon, leakage coaxial cable), to avoid secondary accidents. The information is also reported to the traffic system operator.ISO/TS 15624:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reserved Figure 2 Information providing flow with each class 3.4 Types of sensors Various types of sensors are considered
47、for use as shown in Figure 1. However, this Technical Specification focuses on CCTV cameras that are used for image processing. 3.5 Provision of information 3.5.1 Required functions for providing information 3.5.1.1 Provision of information to drivers The system has many ways, as shown in Figure 2,
48、to provide drivers with information, however, this Technical Specification focuses on variable message signs as the methods of provision.ISO/TS 15624:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 5 3.5.1.2 Reporting to the traffic system operator The occurrence of a traffic impediment shall be reported to th
49、e traffic system operator, who should be able to monitor the CCTV screen to confirm the impediment. 3.5.2 Event detection The system detects stopped, or slow moving vehicles. 3.5.3 Levels of information The system provides two levels of information, primary, and secondary information. The timing and levels of information are shown in Figure 3 (see annexes E and F). t 0 time when the event occurred t 1 time when the stopped vehicles or slow moving vehicles were detected t 2 time when the traffic system operator confirmed t
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