1、软件水平考试(中级)网络工程师上午(基础知识)试题-试卷 13及答案解析(总分:32.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、选择题(总题数:5,分数:32.00)1.选择题()下列各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,只有一个选项是正确的,请将此选项涂写在答题卡相应位置上,答在试卷上不得分。_若信号带宽为 40Hz,理想信道可以达到的最大码元速率为(17)。若码元可以取 8 种离散值,则一个码元携带的信息量为(18)比特,此时,理想信道传输信号带宽为 40Hz 的数据速率为(19)。(分数:6.00)A.20 波特B.40 波特C.60 波特D.80 波特A.3B.4C.6D.8A.40bit/sB.8
2、0bit/sC.120bit/sD.240bit/s两个码子之间的海明距为(22)。码是由码子组成的集合,一个码的海明距离指的是(23)。若一个码要求检测 3 位错,则该码的海明距离应为,(24)。(分数:6.00)A.两个码之间相同的位数B.两个码之间不同的位数C.两个码之间的校验和之和D.两个码之间的校验和之差A.所有不同码子的海明距离的最小值B.所有不同码子的海明距离的最大值C.所有不同码子的海明距离的平均值D.所有不同码子的海明距离的任意值A.3B.4C.2D.6Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the ph
3、ysical layer, networks can be connected by(66)or Hubs, which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and swiches, which operate at data link layer. They can accept(67),examine the MAC address, and forward the frames to a different network while doing
4、 minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer, we have routers that can connect two netwoks. If two networks have(68)network layer, the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface between the two
5、 transport connections. Finally, in the application layer, application gateways translate message(69). As an example, gateways between Internet e-mail and X. 400 e-mail must(70)the e-mail message and change various header fields.(分数:10.00)A.reapersB.relaysC.connectsD.modemsA.framesB.packetsC.package
6、sD.cellsA.specialB.dependentC.similarD.dissimilarA.syntaxB.semanticsC.languagesD.formatA.analyzeB.pairsC.deleteD.createThe purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable(71)of the technical requirements for the software product. During the requ
7、irements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each(72)that it must meet. The starting point is usually a set o
8、f high-level requirements from the(73)that describe the project or problem. In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and the defines(74)showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operation concept documents, and conducts a s
9、ystem concept review(SCR). Following the SCR, the team derives(75)requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed req
10、uirements.(分数:10.00)A.functionB.definitionC.specificationD.statementA.criterionB.standardC.modelD.systemA.producerB.customerC.programmerD.analyserA.rulesB.principlesC.scenariosD.scenesA.detailedB.outlinedC.totalD.complete软件水平考试(中级)网络工程师上午(基础知识)试题-试卷 13答案解析(总分:32.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、选择题(总题数:5,分数:32.00)1.
11、选择题()下列各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,只有一个选项是正确的,请将此选项涂写在答题卡相应位置上,答在试卷上不得分。_解析:若信号带宽为 40Hz,理想信道可以达到的最大码元速率为(17)。若码元可以取 8 种离散值,则一个码元携带的信息量为(18)比特,此时,理想信道传输信号带宽为 40Hz 的数据速率为(19)。(分数:6.00)A.20 波特B.40 波特C.60 波特D.80 波特 解析:A.3 B.4C.6D.8解析:A.40bit/sB.80bit/sC.120bit/sD.240bit/s 解析:解析:奈奎斯特定理指出,理想信道可达到的最大码元速率为 B=2W(Baud),
12、其中 FP 为信号的带宽。所以,信号带宽为 40Hz 时,理想信道可以达到的最大码元速率为 402=80 波特。一个码元携带的信息量n(比特)与码元的种数 N 之间有如下关系:n=long2N。所以,当 N=8 时,n=3。数据速率定义为单位时间内在信道上传送的信息量。速据速率 R=2Wlog 2 N。所以理想信道上,码元种数为 8 种离散值,信号带宽为40Hz 的数据速率为 240bit/s。两个码子之间的海明距为(22)。码是由码子组成的集合,一个码的海明距离指的是(23)。若一个码要求检测 3 位错,则该码的海明距离应为,(24)。(分数:6.00)A.两个码之间相同的位数B.两个码之间
13、不同的位数 C.两个码之间的校验和之和D.两个码之间的校验和之差解析:A.所有不同码子的海明距离的最小值 B.所有不同码子的海明距离的最大值C.所有不同码子的海明距离的平均值D.所有不同码子的海明距离的任意值解析:A.3B.4 C.2D.6解析:解析:两个码子之间不同的位数被称为海明距离。码是由一些码子组成的集合,所以,一个码的海明距离就是码中包含的所有码子之间的海明距离中最小值。若一个码的海明距离为 d,则所有少于等于 d-1 位的错都可以检测出来。因此,要检测 3 位错,码的海明距离应该为 4。Networks can be interconnected by different devi
14、ces. In the physical layer, networks can be connected by(66)or Hubs, which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and swiches, which operate at data link layer. They can accept(67),examine the MAC address, and forward the frames to a different netwo
15、rk while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer, we have routers that can connect two netwoks. If two networks have(68)network layer, the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface b
16、etween the two transport connections. Finally, in the application layer, application gateways translate message(69). As an example, gateways between Internet e-mail and X. 400 e-mail must(70)the e-mail message and change various header fields.(分数:10.00)A.reapers B.relaysC.connectsD.modems解析:A.frames
17、 B.packetsC.packagesD.cells解析:A.specialB.dependentC.similarD.dissimilar 解析:A.syntax B.semanticsC.languagesD.format解析:A.analyzeB.pairs C.deleteD.create解析:解析:网络可以用不同的设备互联。在物理层,用中继器或者集线器互联,这些设备只是在相同的网络之间传送比特串。在上面的数据链路层;可以使用网桥或者交换机,这些设备接收数据帧,检查 MAC地址,并可以实现少量的协议转换,把数据帧转发到不同的网络中。在网络层,使用路由器连接两个网络。如果两个网络的网络
18、层不同,路由器能够对分组格式进行转换。在传输层,使用传输网关,它可以在两个传输连接之间建立接口。最后,在应用层,应用网关实现消息语法之间的翻译。例如,在 Internet 邮件和 X.400 邮件之间的网关可以对邮件报文进行语法分析,对报文的各个头字段做出改变。The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable(71)of the technical requirements for the software product. Dur
19、ing the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each(72)that it must meet. The starting point is usu
20、ally a set of high-level requirements from the(73)that describe the project or problem. In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and the defines(74)showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operation concept documents, and
21、conducts a system concept review(SCR). Following the SCR, the team derives(75)requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each
22、detailed requirements.(分数:10.00)A.functionB.definitionC.specification D.statement解析:A.criterion B.standardC.modelD.system解析:A.producerB.customer C.programmerD.analyser解析:A.rulesB.principlesC.scenarios D.scenes解析:A.detailed B.outlinedC.totalD.complete解析:解析:需求定义阶段的作用就是为软件产品产生一个清晰的、完整的、一致的、可测试的技术需求规格说明。 在需求定义阶段,需求定义团队通过迭代过程把有关系统需求的宽泛的陈述扩展成系统必须实现的各个功能的、完整而详细的规格说明,以及系统应该满足的各种准则。这个过程的起点通常是由用户提供的描述项目或问题的一组高级需求。 在任何情况下,需求定义团队应该阐明与系统有关的整体概念,并且设定一种能够显示系统如何运作的情景,发布有关系统和运行的概念文件,并进行系统概念的评审(SCR)。 在 SCR 之后,团队应该根据高级需求和系统运行概念导出详细的系统需求。通过结构化的或面向对象的分析技术,团队可以规范系统功能,说明满足每一细节需求的算法。
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