【学历类职业资格】专升本英语（阅读）-试卷52及答案解析.doc

1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 52 及答案解析(总分：32.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：32.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark

2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet._One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best sellers“ list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies but popular TV show might have 70 million viewers. TV can make

3、anything or anyone well-known overnight. This is the principle (法则) behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problem

4、s. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U. S. and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Van Do

5、ren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants before hand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal (丑闻). Bas

6、ed on this story, a movie under the title “Quiz show“ is on 40 years later. Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips t

7、ogether, that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish posers by humiliating (羞辱) them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.（分数：4.00）(1).The sale of nove

8、l is talked about in comparison with_.（分数：2.00）A.the size of TVsB.the number of TV viewersC.the sale of “best sellers“D.the number of TV audiences(2).In Charles quiz scandal, who, according to the passage, is to be blamed most?（分数：2.00）A.One of the losers.B.The shows producers.C.Charles Van Doren hi

9、mself.D.His audience.Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can soon become totally unaware of your surroundings. Y

10、ou soon bury yourself in some book or other, and usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointment. This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is the main attraction of a book shop. A music shop is ve

11、ry much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your hearts content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the greeting, “Can I help you?“ You neednt buy anything you dont want. In a bookshop an assistant should remain in the background until you have finished browsi

12、ng (浏览). Then, and only then, are his services necessary. Once, a medical student had to read a textbook which was far too expensive for him to buy. He couldnt obtain it from the library and the only copy he could find was in a certain bookshop. Every afternoon, therefore, he would go along to the s

13、hop and read a little of the book at a time. One day, however, he was disappointed to find the book missing from its usual place. He was about to leave, when he noticed the owner of the shop beckoning(招呼) to him. Expecting to be told off, he went towards him. To his surprise, the owner pointed to th

14、e book, which was put away in a corner. “ I put it there in case anyone was tempted to buy it!“ he said, and left the delighted student to continue his reading.（分数：6.00）(1).In a good bookshop_.（分数：2.00）A.nobody takes any notice of youB.the assistant greets you in a friendly wayC.you can always obtai

15、n the books you needD.you feel that you are in a music shop(2).The medical student went to the bookshop every day_.（分数：2.00）A.to see if the book he wanted was in its usual placeB.to read the book without buying itC.to talk with the shop ownerD.to try to get the textbook(3).The textbook the medical s

16、tudent was interested in was put away in a corner _.（分数：2.00）A.to prevent anyone from buying itB.because the medical student might take it awayC.in case the medical student was tempted to buy itD.because the medical student was tempted to buy itTelevisionthat most attractive modern technology, marke

17、d by rapid change and growthis moving into a new era which promises to reshape our byes and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies. The word “television“ can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very sim

18、ply put, it works in this way: through a complete system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set) , can then be electronically reconstructed

19、 into that same image. Television is more than just an electronics system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings. The field of television can be divided into two types. First, there is broadca

20、st television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques. Traditionally, television has been a

21、medium of the masses. It has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled mostly by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC and CBS, who have been the major suppliers of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of bro

22、adcasting have actually not only shaped television as a source of entertainment, but placed our role in this active medium as the passive viewer.（分数：6.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmission?（分数：2.00）A.The sending of impul

23、ses through a wire.B.The transmission of voice from one TV set to another.C.The conversion of an image into electronic impulses.D.The feeding of impulses into the receiver.(2).What kind of television is intended for small numbers of people?（分数：2.00）A.Broad-based TV.B.Reconstructed TV.C.Traditional T

24、V.D.Non-broadcast TV.(3).Which of the following statements can best describe TV viewers according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.They prefer increased news coverage.B.They do not take an active role in watching television.C.They like to use television to reach other human beings.D.They have more or less

25、grown tired of television.On a rainy day, you will see many streams of muddy(多泥的) water running down the slopes(斜坡) of a hill. The water is muddy because it washes away soil from the hill slopes. Sometimes soil is blown away by strong winds. When the soil is carried away by water or wind, we say tha

26、t the land is eroded (侵蚀). This is known as soil erosion. Plants cannot grow on eroded land. There is not enough soil on eroded land to give them the things they need. Plants need water and salts from the soil. We can do a number of things to stop soil erosion. This is called soil conservation(保护).

27、One way of soil conservation on flat, open ground is to grow small plants such as grasses. Their roots hold the soil tightly together. Another way is to plant trees around an open field. Thus soil erosion by strong winds cannot take place. Rows of trees act as a very big wall. Soil erosion on slopes

28、 can be stopped by cutting “steps“ called terraces (梯田). Water carrying soil cannot run straight down the slope now. It has to run down the terraces. This slows down the flow(流速) of the water. Most of the soil in the water is left behind on the terraces. There are some other ways for soil conservati

29、on.（分数：8.00）(1).On a rainy day the water running down the slopes of a hill is muddy because_.（分数：2.00）A.there are no terraces on the slopesB.there are no small plants on the slopesC.it washes away soil from the slopesD.there is too much soil on the slopes(2).Plants cannot grow on eroded land because

30、分数：2.00）A.there is a lot of sand in itB.there is not enough water and salts in itC.there is no water in itD.the land is too hard(3).The way of soil conservation on flat, open ground is_.（分数：2.00）A.to grow small plants such as grassesB.to plant trees around an open fieldC.to add fertilizer to the

31、soilD.A and B(4).Cutting “steps“ called terraces on slopes_.（分数：2.00）A.can slow down the flow of the waterB.helps plants grow betterC.prevents the soil being carried away by windsD.makes the plants roots hold the soil togetherBacteria(细菌) are extremely small living things. While we measure our own s

32、izes in inches or centimeters, bacterial size is measured in microns. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter: a pinhead is about a millimeter across. Rod-shaped bacteria are usually from two to four microns long, while rounded ones are generally one micron in diameter. Thus, if you enlarged a ro

33、unded bacterium a thousand times, it would be just about the size of a pinhead. An adult human magnified by the same amount would be over a mile( 1. 6 kilometers) tall. Even with an ordinary microscope, you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one finds that bacteri

34、a are barely visible as tiny rods or dots. One cannot make out anything of their structure. Using special stains, one can see that some bacteria have attached to them wavy-looking “hairs“ called flagella. Others have only one flagellum. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Ma

35、ny bacteria lack flagella and cannot move about by their own power, while others can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. From the bacterial point of view the world is a very different place from what it is to humans. To a bacterium water is as thick as molasses (糖蜜) is to

36、us. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. Bacteria under the microscope even those with no flagella often bounce about in the water. This is because they collide with the water molecules and are pushed this way and that molecules move

37、so rapidly that within a tenth of a second the molecules around a flagellum have been replaced by new ones. Even bacteria without flagella are thus constantly exposed to a changing environment.（分数：8.00）(1).Which of the following is the smallest?（分数：2.00）A.A pinhead.B.A rounded bacterium.C.A microsco

38、pe.D.A rod-shaped bacterium.(2).According to the passage, someone who examines bacteria using only a microscope that magnifies 100 times would see_.（分数：2.00）A.tiny dotsB.small“ hairs“C.large rodsD.detailed structures(3).The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most nearly analogous t

39、o which of the following?（分数：2.00）A.A rider jumping on a horses back.B.A ball being hit by a bat.C.A boat powered by a motor.D.A door closed by a gust of wind.(4).In Paragraph 3, Sentence 2, the author compares water to molasses in order to introduce which of the following topics?（分数：2.00）A.The bact

40、erial content of different liquids.B.What happens when bacteria are added to molasses.C.The molecular structures of different chemicals.D.How difficult it is for bacteria to move through water.专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 52 答案解析(总分：32.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：32.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehen

41、sionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet._解析：One of the most fascinating thin

42、gs about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best sellers“ list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies but popular TV show might have 70 million viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight. This is the principle (法则) behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows, which

43、put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U. S. and almost everyone watched them

44、 Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers who were pulling the strings, gave the answers t

45、o the most popular contestants before hand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal (丑闻). Based on this story, a movie under the title “Quiz show“ is on 40 years later. Van Doren is no longer involv

46、ed with TV. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish posers by humiliating (羞辱

47、) them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.（分数：4.00）(1).The sale of novel is talked about in comparison with_.（分数：2.00）A.the size of TVsB.the number of TV viewers C.the sale of

48、best sellers“D.the number of TV audiences解析：(2).In Charles quiz scandal, who, according to the passage, is to be blamed most?（分数：2.00）A.One of the losers.B.The shows producers. C.Charles Van Doren himself.D.His audience.解析：Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover

49、 or merely there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can soon become totally unaware of your surroundings. You soon bury yourself in some book or other, and usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent too much time there and