【学历类职业资格】专升本英语（阅读）-试卷59及答案解析.doc

1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 59 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark

2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_The decline in moral standardswhich has long concerned social analystshas at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad. The fact that ordinary citizens are now starti

3、ng to think seriously about the nations moral climate, says this ethics professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it. But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles

4、. “The thought that Im in it for me has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness,“ Ms. Elshtain says. Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With todays greater mobility and with so many coup

5、les working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self. In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U. S. And Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that: Data shows that Americans are struggling with problems un

6、heard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers. “The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament(挽歌) for some nonexistent golden age,“ Elshtain says, “nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minori

7、ties. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice. “ “Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society,“ she says. “Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant be bought.“（分数：10.00）(1).Professor Elshtain is pleased t

8、o see that Americans_.（分数：2.00）A.have adapted to a new set of moral standardsB.are longing for the return of the good old daysC.have realized the importance of material thingsD.are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards(2).The moral decline of American society is caused mainly by_.（分数：2.

9、00）A.its growing wealthB.the self-centeredness of individualsC.underestimating the impact of social changesD.the prejudice against women and minorities(3).Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities?（分数：2.00）A.Great mobility.B.Concern for ones neighbors.C.Emphasis on individual

10、effort.D.Ever weakening social bonds.(4).In the 1950s, classroom violence_.（分数：2.00）A.was something unheard ofB.was by no means a rare occurrenceC.attracted a lot of public attentionD.began to appear in analysts data(5).According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed _.（分数：2.00）A.if

11、 people can return to the “golden age“B.when women and men enjoy equal rightsC.when people rid themselves of prejudiceD.if less emphasis is laid on material thingsMaasai Mara is a part of the southwestern tourist circuit and the most popular and visited game reserve in Kenya. The annual wildebeest m

12、igration to Maasai Mara is the worlds greatest wildlife spectacle, something not to be missed especially if youre visiting Kenya between August and October. Millions of wildebeests, zebras and gazelles from the Serengeti plains migrate across the Tanzania border and the Mara River to reach Maasai Ma

13、ta grazing fields from late June. The game reserve abounds with bird-life since close to about 452 odd species have been recorded. Maasai Mara has a good range of accommodation from five-star lodges to luxury-tended camps. To keep the tempo of your adventure going, Spartan tented camps and campsites

14、 within the game reserve are the best choice. Game walks and night game runs were tests to our bravery! Night fails quickly in the tropics and as the temperature drops, the campfire becomes the focus of your tour. You can keep count of the sightings of mammals, reptiles and birds. Insects and hyenas

15、 provide the background music while the night sky is a symphony of stars. Lake Naivasha, Magadi, Victoria and Elementaita are accessible from the Maasai Mara Game reserve. Kenyas priceless treasury of wildlife owes its existence to contrasts in the countrys terrain, which ranges from ruffed snow cov

16、ered peaks of Mount Kenya, the Highland, the Great Rift Valley and its lakes as well as the sunburnt sands of the coast. Each of these geographical regions is home to different types of wildlife that are unique to each area. Kenya has an amazing wealth of bird life. We could get to see many bird spe

17、cies in Kenya. This again is due to its variety of habitats. Many migratory birds are also spotted here. According to our guide, more than six million birds migrate to Kenya during the Northern Hemisphere winter. These migrants along with the local species of birds make Kenya an ornithological parad

18、ise.（分数：10.00）(1).When does the migration of wildebeests reach Maasai Mara?（分数：2.00）A.Between August and October.B.In late June of the year.C.During the Northern Hemisphere winter.D.Form June to October.(2).What does the phrase “abound with“ ( Para. 1) mean?（分数：2.00）A.Restrict with.B.Have in large n

19、umbers.C.Be connected with.D.Depend on.(3).Why is there such a variety of wildlife in Kenya?（分数：2.00）A.Because there are many lakes in Kenya.B.Because Kenya is a tropical country.C.Because Kenya consists of different geographical regions.D.Because Kenya has a game reserve.(4).Why are there many bird

20、 species in Kenya?（分数：2.00）A.Because it is an ornithological paradise.B.Because it has many lakes.C.Because it is winter in the northern hemisphere.D.Because it has a variety of habitats.(5).Which of the following statements about Maasai Mara is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Visitors can see various mammals,

21、reptiles and birds there.B.There are only Spartan tented camps to live in for visitors.C.At night visitors can hear the voice of insects and hyenas there.D.The sun falls very early in Maasai Mara.In only two decades Asian American have become the fastest-growing US minority. As their children began

22、moving up through the nations schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nations best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mat

23、hematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U. S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there

24、will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree. Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage

25、 of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success, such as idea

26、ls that stress family values and emphasize education. Both explanations for academic success worry Asian-Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1

27、952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.（分数：10.00）(1).While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students_.（分数：2.00）A.feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of EnglishB.are afraid that their academic successes bear a stron

28、g Asian characterC.still worry about unfair treatment in societyD.generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents(2).What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?（分数：2.00）A.A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.B.Hard work and intelligence

29、.C.Hard help and a limited knowledge of English.D.Asian culture and the American educational system.(3).Few Asian-American students major in human sciences mainly because_.（分数：2.00）A.their English is not good enoughB.they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areasC.there is a wid

30、e difference between Asian and Western culturesD.they know little about American culture and society(4).Why do the two “explanations“ (Para. 3) worry Asian Americans?（分数：2.00）A.They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general.B.People would think that Asian students

31、 rely on their parents for success.C.Asian-Americans would be a threat to other minorities.D.American academic achievements have taken on too strong at Asian character.(5).The authors tone in this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.sympatheticB.doubtfulC.criticalD.objectiveDo we need laws that prevent us from r

32、unning risks with our lives? If so, then perhaps laws are needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drink. Both products have been known to kill people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad or worse than the hazards of smoking too many cigarettes. All right then, lets pa

33、ss a law closing the liquor stores and the bars in this country. Lets put an end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Americans currently sufferalcoholism. But wait, weve already tried that. For 13 years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere

34、 in the United States. They were shut down abolished by an amendment to the Constitution (the 18th) and by a law of Congress (the Volstead Act). After January 20, 1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of “intoxicating liquors“. Without any more liquor, people

35、 could not drink it, and if they did not drink it, how could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunkenness and alcoholism. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why? Because, law or no law, millions of people stil

36、l liked to drink alcohol. And they were willing to take risks of getting it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages acro

37、ss the Canadian and Mexican Borders. Drinkers were lucky to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor. Crime and drunkenness were both supposed to decline as a result of prohibition. Instead people drank more alcohol than everoften poisoned alcohol. On December 5, 1933, they repe

38、aled prohibition by ratifying the 21st Amendment to the Constitution.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following was NOT a characteristic reason for the proposal of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution and the Volstead Act?（分数：2.00）A.There would be no further danger to the public from alcoholism.B.There

39、would be a rise in the cost of alcoholic beverages.C.Without liquor, people would not drink.D.People wouldnt become drunk or create a public nuisance.(2).During prohibition, illegal alcohol was_.（分数：2.00）A.sold openlyB.no longer a temptationC.a major factor in the passage of the Volstead ActD.brough

40、t across the Mexican and Canadian borders(3).When enacting the prohibition laws, people_.（分数：2.00）A.lived in fear of the lawB.were willing to risk of arresting for the pleasure of liquorC.recklessly endangered their communitiesD.were respectful of the legal sanctions placed on them(4).When enacting

41、the prohibition laws, government officials assumed that_.（分数：2.00）A.every American would buy alcohol illegallyB.all criminal activities would ceaseC.patrols of the Canadian border would halt the sale of alcoholD.the social threat from drunkenness would decline(5).It can be inferred from the passage

42、that_.（分数：2.00）A.the Congress was wise to repeal prohibitionB.the prohibition was characterized by a decrease in crime and drunkennessC.during prohibition, most Americans stopped drinkingD.laws should be passed to ban the sale of alcoholic beverageIn the United States elementary education begins at

43、the age of six. At this stage nearly all the teachers are women, mostly married. The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education were discre

44、dited (不被认可) rather a long time agoso much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction. The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human being

45、s in a society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on cooperation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense ha

46、s come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another bot

47、h in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the U. S. elementary education is supposed to make children_.（分数：2.00）A.sensible and sensitiveB.competitive and interestedC.curious and friendlyD.happy and cooperative(2).Some Americans complain about el

48、ementary schools because they think_.（分数：2.00）A.children are reluctant to help each otherB.schools lay too much emphasis on cooperationC.children should grow up with competitive ideasD.schools give little actual instruction to children(3).The authors attitude towards American education can be best d

49、escribed as_.（分数：2.00）A.favorableB.negativeC.tolerantD.unfriendly(4).The American educational system emphasizes_.（分数：2.00）A.material wealthB.competitionC.cooperationD.personal benefit(5).The word “sociable“ (Para. 2) most probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.fond of talking freelyB.friendly with other peopleC.concerned about social welfareD.happy at school专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 59 答案解析(总分：60.0