【学历类职业资格】英语写作基础自考题-4及答案解析.doc

1、英语写作基础自考题-4 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.As the place is far and the time is limited, I hope you can start early. (loose sentence)（分数：2.00）_2.I saw that wounded dog under the bridge when I was on my way home. (periodic sentence)（分数：2.00）_3.He wanted to work as a musician. He ended up as a magician. (

2、compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_4.Jason is employed by M. I. T. He is a biology engineer. ( simple sentence)（分数：2.00）_5.Britain came a narrow second to Hungary with 51%. In Britain, men devoted 49% of their free time to the box. (complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_6.I hated to walk home from the company. The st

3、reet had no street lamps. It was lined with deserted buildings. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_7.He can sing beautiful songs in English. He can also write beautiful essays in English. (sentence with parallel structure)（分数：2.00）_8.Fifty-seven percent of young people in the U. S. graduated, and

4、these young people obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in four years. (sentence with a prepositional phrase)（分数：2.00）_9.The route can be changed. I know several people. They don t like any change. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_10.I forgot the time. I missed the train. ( complex sentence)（分数：2.

5、00）_11.My brother s house is on Alp Street. Which is getting new sewers next week.（分数：3.00）_12.Many large department stores issue credit cards to their customers can be used to make purchases at a particular store.（分数：3.00）_13.Born in New Zealand, it is natural to enjoy eating roast lamb.（分数：3.00）_1

6、4.You should strive to cooperate with your colleagues to bring about change, for enhancing communication and professional development.（分数：3.00）_15.I want either to study English or study world history.（分数：3.00）_16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below by writing A, B, C or D.A. The pur

7、poses of sleep are to rest our bodies and minds.B. Passive sleep helps us to rest our bodies while active sleep helps us to rest our minds.C. In passive sleep, the heart slows down and the body processes become very slow,leaving the body at rest.D. In active sleep, the brain temperature rises and th

8、e brain becomes very active and then dreaming occurs, helping us to rest our minds.Answer :_（分数：5.00）_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence.Deaf people-people who cant hear-are still able to communicate quite well, with a special language. Its called sign language. The spe

9、aker of sign language uses hand gestures in order to communicate. Basic sign language has been used for a long, long time. But sign language wasnt really developed until about 250 years ago. In the middle of the 1700s, a Frenchman named Epee developed sign language. Epee was able to speak and hear,

10、but he worked during most of his life as a teacher of deaf people in France. Epee developed a large number of words for sign language. Epees system used mostly “picture-image“ signs. We call them picture-image signs because the signs create a picture.（分数：5.00）_18.Read the following paragraph careful

11、ly and choose the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph by writing A, B, C or D.Topic Sentence :_If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a l

12、ottery to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles you to discount tickets to certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musica

13、l events. Once in Europe, you can stay at approved youth hotels for about two dollars a night. So don t give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.A. It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B. The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate

14、.C. The student could stay at approved youth hotels for about two dollars a night.D. The students will become international travelers in summer.（分数：5.00）_19.19. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities.20. In fact, we make

15、 choices between “fight“ and“ flight“ and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life and death.21. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives ( it would be unwise to do so even if we could) ,we need to find ways to deal with it.22. The amount of stress a person can withsta

16、nd depends very much on the individual.23. When exposed to stress in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically.24. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continual exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered.25. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart dis

17、ease have established links with stress.26. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, hut however little the stress, it involves the same response.27. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties.23202624（分数：2.00）_20.The recent water shortage in California forced change

18、s in Californians lifestyles. When water was rationed, Californians learned to conserve water. They didnt water their lawns or gardens or wash their automobiles. They took buses to save some gas. They took fewer showers and baths. The water shortage lasted two years. Californians also learned to rec

19、ycle water. For example, they used the rinse water from their washing machines to water their house plants and gardens.（分数：10.00）_21.Write a letter according to the following situation: you come across a piece of news from China Daily that Zhaoyang High School in Gansu Province is recruiting English

20、 teachers. You (Zhang Ming), an English major going to graduate next summer, decide to apply for it. In the letter, make sure to include your devotion to education,your enthusiasm to work in the Northwest of our country, and your qualifications for the job. Dont forget to leave your phone number(555

21、 -5555 )for further contact. (150-200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-4 答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.As the place is far and the time is limited, I hope you can start early. (loose sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(I hope you can start early as thr place is far and the time is limited.)解析：解析 本题考查将句子改写为松句，把句子的中心意思“I

22、 hope you can start early”移至句首即可。2.I saw that wounded dog under the bridge when I was on my way home. (periodic sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(When I was on my way home, I saw that wounded dog under the bridge.)解析：解析 本题考查将松句改写为掉尾句，把中心意思“I say that wounded dog under the bridge”后置即可。3.He wanted to work as a

23、 musician. He ended up as a magician. (compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(He wanted to work as a musician, but he ended up as a magician.)解析：解析 本题考查把两个单句组合为并列的首先应分析前后句的逻辑关系，然后选择合适的并列连词。本题前后句有语意转折，可用 but连接。4.Jason is employed by M. I. T. He is a biology engineer. ( simple sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Jaso

24、n is employed by M.I.T. as a biology engineer.)解析：解析 本题考查把句子改写为简单句。简单句是最基本的句子类型，至少是含有主语、谓语动词的独立的、有意义的句子。简单句可以有一个以上的主语，也可以有一个以上的动词。与并列句相比，简单句中不能出现连接两个句子的连词不管是从属连词还是并列连词。5.Britain came a narrow second to Hungary with 51%. In Britain, men devoted 49% of their free time to the box. (complex sentence)（分数

25、：2.00）_正确答案：(Britain， where men devoted 49% of their free time to the box, came a narrow second to Hungary with 51%.)解析：解析 考查的是把两个单句组合成复合句。一个含有主句和从句的句子便是复合句。主句部分是一句话的中心所在，是被强调的部分；从句部分，由从属连词引导。本题中 where引导的从句作 Britain的定语从句。6.I hated to walk home from the company. The street had no street lamps. It was

26、 lined with deserted buildings. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(I hated to walk home from the company because the street had no street lamps and was lined with deserted buildings.)解析：解析 本题考查把句子改写为并列复合句。由句意可以判断，第一个句子和后两个句子之间是因果关系，因此选用表示因果关系的连词 because来引导从句；后两个简单句之间又是并列关系，符合并列复合句对“并列”的要求。7.

27、He can sing beautiful songs in English. He can also write beautiful essays in English. (sentence with parallel structure)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(He can sing beautiful songs and write beautifld essays in English.)解析：解析 本题考查把句子改写为含平行结构的句子。平行结构是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表达出来的结构。平行结构可以是单词、词组、从句，也可以是句子。此题两句子中都有动词词组

28、，可以把它们并列起来。8.Fifty-seven percent of young people in the U. S. graduated, and these young people obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in four years. (sentence with a prepositional phrase)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Fifty-seven percent of young people in the U.S. graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in for year

29、s.)解析：解析 本题考查的是把句子改写为含介词短语的句自。分析题目可发现，原句后半句主语和前面的相同，其动宾结构可转化为介词结构作 graduated的状语。9.The route can be changed. I know several people. They don t like any change. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(The route can be changed. but I know several people who dont like any change.)解析：解析 本题考查的是把若干分句组合为

30、并列复合句。题目中第二个句子和第三个句子组成复合句后通过 but一词与首句构成并列关系。10.I forgot the time. I missed the train. ( complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Because I forgot the time， I missed the train.)解析：解析 本题考查把句子改为复合句。复合句是有主有从的句子，所以把意思较为次要的句子转化为从句即可。由于两句话之间是因果关系，所以应把第一句话转化为表示原因的从句，用 because引导。11.My brother s house is on Alp Stree

31、t. Which is getting new sewers next week.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(My brothers house is on Alp Street, which is getting new sewers next week.)解析：解析 本题考查的是修饰语错置引起的病句。题目中后句原是前句中 Alp Street的定语从句，所以可直接与前句连接起来。12.Many large department stores issue credit cards to their customers can be used to make purchases at a

32、particular store.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Many large department stores issue credit cards to their customers, which can be used to makepurchases at a particular store.)解析：解析 本题考查的是破句的修改。题目中“can beused to make”缺少主语，故可添加 which或 that作引导词连接前句。13.Born in New Zealand, it is natural to enjoy eating roast lamb.（分数：3

33、.00）_正确答案：(For a person born in New Zealand. it is natural to enjoy eating roast lamb. /Born in NewZealand, it is natural for me to enjoy eating roastlamb.)解析：解析 本题考查的是缺少逻辑主语引起的破句的修改，故为句子添加主语即可。14.You should strive to cooperate with your colleagues to bring about change, for enhancing communication

34、and professional development.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(You should strive to cooperate with your colleagues to bring about change, to enhance communication and professional development.)解析：解析 本题考查错误平行结构的修改。平行结构是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表达出来的结构。如果意思上并列的成分用不同等的语法形式来表达，就破坏了平行结构。这是一个含有平行结构的句子，在平行句中，把一组词组连续地排列起来，使其意义

35、与结构均保持平行，这样句子才能显得对称美观。在此题中，“to bring about change”, “for enhancing communication and professional development”都是目的状语，应构成平行结构，因此把“enhancing”改成原形，for 改成不定式符号“to”以达到平行效果。15.I want either to study English or study world history.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(I want to study either English or world history.)解析：解析 本题错误出

36、在并列连词的使用上。并列连词(如 eitheror；neithernor; not onlybutalso；bothand等)连接的前后两个部分必须具有对称的语法结构。在此题中，连词eifheror前后连接的两个成分“to study English”和“study world history”语法结构不同，因此要把 either移至 English之前，以达到平行对称的效果。16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below by writing A, B, C or D.A. The purposes of sleep are to

37、 rest our bodies and minds.B. Passive sleep helps us to rest our bodies while active sleep helps us to rest our minds.C. In passive sleep, the heart slows down and the body processes become very slow,leaving the body at rest.D. In active sleep, the brain temperature rises and the brain becomes very

38、active and then dreaming occurs, helping us to rest our minds.Answer :_（分数：5.00）_正确答案：(Answer：B)解析：解析 此题主要考查的是主题句的范围。主题句的作用是概括一个段落的中心意思，所以它往往是一个表示一般概念的句子，范围太大或者太小，都会使作者无法展开段落，必须要通过某些限制性的词语将内容范围限制到一定程度因此主题句应包括主题和限制词语。A 选项是说睡觉的目的是让我们的身心得到休息。这句话不能做主题句是因为其范围太宽泛，不可能用一段话扩展充分。C、D 两项均是描述太具体，不能再展开描述，犯了主题句过窄的毛病，所以不适合做主题句。只有 B选项适合，“消极睡眠可以让我们的身体得到休息，而积极睡眠可以让我们的大脑得到休息”这句话概括全面，而且范围适中，所以应该是主题句。17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence.Deaf people-people who cant hear-are still able to communicate quite well, with