【学历类职业资格】英语国家概况自考题-21及答案解析.doc

1、英语国家概况自考题-21 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：42，分数：21.00)1.The Second World War finally came to an end in _. A. 1945 B. 1946 C. 1947 D. 1949（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.The open declaration of the containment policy was made by U.S. President _ on March 12, 1949. A. Hoover B. Truman C. Roosevelt D. Eisen

2、hower（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.The Truman Doctrine was directed against _. A. Nazi fascism B. Communism C. Japan D. the “free world“（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.On June 5, 1947, _ suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion. A. George Kennan B.

3、George Marshall C. Dwight Eisenhower D. James F. Byrnes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.As a result of American economic aid under the Marshall Plan, Western Europe _. A. managed to tie over the difficult years in the late 1940s B. succeeded in solving the food problem C. recovered from war destruction and its ec

4、onomy began to develop D. became prosperous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Senator _ launched an anti-Communist hysteria in the early 1950s. A. Alger Hiss B. George Kennan C. Adenauer D. Joseph McCarthy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.In the U.S. the _ refers to the people born in the period 19461961. A. “lost generation“ B.

5、“me generation“ C. “blue-collar generation“ D. “baby boom generation“（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year period of economic boom, but its _ industry did not experience great development. A. automobile B. aerospace C. housing D. defense（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.Sin

6、ce 1945 the United States entered a 25-year economic boom, and the cornerstones were the _. A. automobile, housing and shipping B. farming, housing and defense industries C. automobile, housing and defense industries D. automobile, shipping and defense industries（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.During the Cuban

7、Missile Crisis in 1962, President _ finally decided to use naval force to prevent military material and arms from going into Cuba. A. Nixon B. Johnson C. Kennedy D. Eisenhower（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.After the Geneva Conference on Indochina in 1954, the United States replaced _ as the main force in provi

8、ding aid for South Vietnam. A. Japan B. Britain C. France D. Turkey（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.The _ turned out to be Americas longest war it had ever fought. A. First World War B. Second World War C. Korean War D. Vietnam War（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.Soon after the establishment of diplomatic relations with Chin

9、a, the Congress, supported by the Administration, adopted the Taiwan Relations Act. A. Kennedy B. Johnson C. Truman D. Carter（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.In December 1954, the U.S. government signed a _ with the Chiang Kaishek regime on Taiwan, committing itself to the defence of Taiwan and Penghu. A. Mutual

10、 Defence Treaty B. Taiwan Relation Act C. New Frontier D. peaceful Treaty（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.Which statement about the Watergate Scandal is not true? _ A. After the scandal American disillusions grew. B. Nixon was the second president to resign in U.S. history. C. Nixon finally handed over the compl

11、ete tapes, which would condemn him. D. By the early 1980s far fewer Americans still clung to the belief that their system was the most powerful.（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.From the mid-seventies onwards, the United States suffered from “_“, that is, the occurrence of stagnation and inflation at the same tim

12、e. A. stagflation B. crisis C. depression D. crash（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.It was the trend of New Right conservatism that brought _ into the White House. A. Kennedy B. Johnson C. Nixon D. Reagan（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.The U.S. has less than of the worlds population, but it produces about _ of the total worl

13、d output. A. 6%, 25% B. 6%, 23% C. 7%, 25% D. 7%, 23%（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.The United States is by far the industrial country in the world. A. biggest B. second biggest C. third biggest D. fourth biggest（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.Which one of the following is not government-run at the U.S. federal level? _ A

14、. Motor vehicle B. The road system C. National defense D. The postal service（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.The four problems that face the economy of the United States are _. A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit B. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit C. mortga

15、ge losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit D. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.In the field of electrical supply in the United States, _ controls a major share of the business. A. Chrysler Corp B. General Motors C. General Dynamics

16、D. General Electric（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.The US imports about _ of all world imports. A. 10% B. 13% C. 20% D. 23%（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.24.The President _ once admitted that one third of the people of U.S. went to bed hungry. A. Kennedy B. Johnson C. Nixon D. Reagan（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.25.In 1787, Congress call

17、ed for a meeting of delegates to revise the Articles of confederation. The 55 delegates of the Second Continental Congress were from all the states, except _. A. Maine B. Rhode Island C. Georgia D. New York（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.26.The US Constitution was officially adopted on March 4, _. A. 1776 B. 1781

18、C. 1787 D. 1789（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United States come in the form of _. A. separation of powers B. executive orders C. presidential elections D. judicial reviews（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.28.In the United States, amendments must have the approval of _ of the state

19、s before they enter into force. A. one-third B. two-thirds C. two-fifths D. three-fourths（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.29.The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least _ years of age. A. 30 B. 35 C. 40 D. 45（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.30.The oath taking ceremony of the President is

20、traditionally held on the steps of _. A. the White House B. the U.S. Capitol C. the Supreme Court D. the church（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.31.The American President usually takes an oath of office, administered by the _ of the United States in January. A. Chief Justice B. House Speaker C. Secretary of State D.

21、 Senate Majority Leader（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.32.If no presidential candidate has a majority votes in the election, the Constitution stipulates that the decision shall be made by _. A. the Congress B. the Department of State C. Senate D. the House of Representatives（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.33.The U.S. President c

22、an veto any bill passed by Congress unless over-ridden by _ vote in each house. A. one-third B. two-thirds C. two-fifths D. three-fourths（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.34.The President of the United States can issue rules, regulations and instructions, which are called _. A. legal acts B. standing orders C. verdi

23、cts D. executive orders（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.35.The U.S. Constitution allows the President to give _ and pardons in federal criminal cases. A. absolutions B. reprieves C. testimonies D. amnesties（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.36.Under the Constitution, _ is the federal official primarily responsible for the relations

24、with foreign nations. A. the president B. the federal chief justice C. the Speaker of the House D. the Senate Majority Leader（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.37.Each American Congressional district is to elect _. A. one Representative B. one Senator C. two Representatives D. two Senators（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.38.When a b

25、ill emerges from the Senate and the House, it is usually referred to a _ composed of equal number of members from each house to resolve the differences. A. revenue committee B. standing committee C. permanent committee D. conference committee（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.39.Federalists represented north-eastern

26、commercial, banking and trade interests, and advocated _. A. a strong central government B. a strong state government C. the adoption of Bill of Rights D. limits on the federal government（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.40.After the 1828 election of _, the Democratic-Republican Party split. A. Thomas Jefferson B. A

27、ndrew Jackson C. Franklin Roosevelt D. Abraham Lincoln（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.41.The Democratic Party led by Andrew Jackson represented the interests of _. A. northern industrialists B. southern slave-owners C. frontiersmen D. Both B and C（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.42.The fourth party period began with _ and lasted

28、till the _ with the Democratic Party dominant. A. Jimmy Carter, 1990s B. Herbert Hoover, 1920s C. Franklin Roosevelt, 1980s D. Theodore Roosevelt, 1900s（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、B/B(总题数：16，分数：32.00)43.What was the American policy towards the Soviet Union before 1989?（分数：2.00）_44.What was the Truman Doctrin

29、e?（分数：2.00）_45.What were the three cornerstones of American postwar economic boom?（分数：2.00）_46.What was the beginning of American involvement in Vietnam?（分数：2.00）_47.What was the key problem that affected the progress in U.S.-China relations from 1972 to 1979?（分数：2.00）_48.What was the most important

30、 document produced between China and the United States when President Nixon visited China in 19727（分数：2.00）_49.What are Conglomerates in the USA?（分数：2.00）_50.What are the three giants in the American automobile industry?（分数：2.00）_51.What are characteristics of the U.S. economy?（分数：2.00）_52.Which cou

31、ntry is the largest source of the U.S. imports?（分数：2.00）_53.What problems are facing the U.S. economy?（分数：2.00）_54.What are the two serious weakness of the Article of Confederation?（分数：2.00）_55.What are the three branches in the U.S. federal government?（分数：2.00）_56.What is known as the “winner-take-

32、all“ system?（分数：2.00）_57.What are the two special powers of the Senate in America?（分数：2.00）_58.What is the most central function of the U.S. Congress?（分数：2.00）_三、B/B(总题数：7，分数：47.00)59.The Marshall Plan（分数：7.00）_60.Watergate scandal（分数：7.00）_61.New Monetarist Policies（分数：7.00）_62.The Articles of Conf

33、ederation（分数：7.00）_63.Checks and balances（分数：7.00）_64.Electoral College（分数：6.00）_65.the U.S. two-party system（分数：6.00）_英语国家概况自考题-21 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B/B(总题数：42，分数：21.00)1.The Second World War finally came to an end in _. A. 1945 B. 1946 C. 1947 D. 1949（分数：0.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 第二次世界大战结束于 19

34、45年。2.The open declaration of the containment policy was made by U.S. President _ on March 12, 1949. A. Hoover B. Truman C. Roosevelt D. Eisenhower（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 1949 年 3月 12日，杜鲁门总统在国会的联席会议上发表演说，公开宣布了遏制政策。3.The Truman Doctrine was directed against _. A. Nazi fascism B. Communism C. Japan D.

35、 the “free world“（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 在对国会的演讲中杜鲁门说：“美国的政策必须支持自由人民反对少数武装人员或外来压力的颠覆企图”。也就是说，美国政府将会支持任何自称反对共产主义的国家，这就是杜鲁门主义。4.On June 5, 1947, _ suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion. A. George Kennan B. George Marshall C.

36、 Dwight Eisenhower D. James F. Byrnes（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 为了保护西欧免受苏联影响，美国决定给予西欧国家经济援助。后来此举被称为“马歇尔计划”，因为它是 1947年 6月 5日由国务卿乔治马歇尔提出的。5.As a result of American economic aid under the Marshall Plan, Western Europe _. A. managed to tie over the difficult years in the late 1940s B. succeeded in solving

37、the food problem C. recovered from war destruction and its economy began to develop D. became prosperous（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 从 1947年到 1952年初，美国向欧洲共投入 130亿美元的援助，西欧恢复了生产，并开始显露出发展的迹象。6.Senator _ launched an anti-Communist hysteria in the early 1950s. A. Alger Hiss B. George Kennan C. Adenauer D. Jos

38、eph McCarthy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 麦卡锡 1950年 2月 9日宣称他知道国务院中 200个共产党人的名字，从而开始了他的迫害行动。1951 年他转而反对国务卿马歇尔和艾森豪威尔，指责他们帮助苏联建立世界霸权。麦卡锡的“大谎言”战术奏效了。7.In the U.S. the _ refers to the people born in the period 19461961. A. “lost generation“ B. “me generation“ C. “blue-collar generation“ D. “baby boom generatio

39、n“（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 从 1946年到 1961年，美国共有 6350万个婴儿出生，是生育高峰期出生的一代在迄今为止美国历史上人数最多的一代。8.Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year period of economic boom, but its _ industry did not experience great development. A. automobile B. aerospace C. housing D. defense（分数：0.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解

40、析 从 1945年起美国开始进入了长达 25年的经济繁荣时期。但航空业未经历太大的发展。9.Since 1945 the United States entered a 25-year economic boom, and the cornerstones were the _. A. automobile, housing and shipping B. farming, housing and defense industries C. automobile, housing and defense industries D. automobile, shipping and defense industries（分数：0.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 从 1945年起美国开始进入了长达 25年的经济繁荣时期。汽车、住房和国防工业是发展的基石。10.During the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, President _ finally decided to use naval force to prevent military material and arms from going