【学历类职业资格】英语词汇学自考题-20及答案解析.doc

1、英语词汇学自考题-20 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.The word “idealistic“ comprises _ morphemes. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is _. A. morpheme B. affixes C. root D. stem（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.There is/are _ monomorphemic word(s

2、) in the following words: hot, dog, feet, matches. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The plural morpheme “-s“ is pronounced as/s/in the following words except _. A. packs B. bags C. cheats D. ships（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Most morphemes are realized by single morphs like _. A. bird B. matches C. bottl

3、es D. evenly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The plural morpheme “-s“ is realized by /iz/ after the following sounds except _. A. /s/ B. /g/ C. /z/ D. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Which of the following statements are not correct?_ A. A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound. B. A grapheme is the smallest unit of writing. C

4、. A sememe is the smallest unit of meaning. D. A morpheme is the smallest unit of a word.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Morphemes, which are independent of other morphemes, have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. The sentence gives the definition of _. A. mor

5、phemes B. free morphemes C. allomorphs D. bound morphemes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.There are _ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection. A. one B. two C. three D. four（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are _. A. bound morphemes B. free morphemes C. a

6、llomorphs D. morphemes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The word “recollection“ comprises _ morpheme(s). A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.“Nature“ in the word “denaturalization“ is not _. A. free root B. free morphemes C. stem D. bound root（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.In the word “contradiction“, the morpheme “-dict

7、“ is _. A. free root B. bound root C. free morphemes D. affix（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Chiefly found in derived words, bound morphemes include _. A. bound roots B. inflectional affixes C. derivational affixes D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The following words have derivational affixes except _. A. wo

8、rks B. prewar C. postwar D. bloody（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16._ are attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships. A. Affixes B. Suffixes C. Inflectional affixes D. None of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Modern English is a(n) _ language. A. analytic B. synthetic C. grammatical D. all the

9、 above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The word “subsea“ includes “sub-“ and _ “sea“. A. prefix; free root B. bound; root C. prefix; bound root D. derivational; affix（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.The following words have inflectional affixes except _. A. happier B. worker C. harder D. taller（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.Which of th

10、e following words is a root?_ A. International. B. Nation. C. National. D. Internationalists.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：11，分数：22.00)21.The morpheme is the smallest 1 unit in the composition of words.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_22.Morphemes are abstract units realized in speech by discrete units known as 1.（分数：2.0

11、0）填空项 1:_23.Most morpheme are realized, by single morphs like bird, tree, green, sad, want, etc. Words of this kind are called 1 words.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_24.“Man, car, anger“ are independent of other morphemes, which are known as free 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_25.The morphemes can be grouped into free morpheme

12、s and 1 morphemes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_26.We might say that free morphemes are free 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.The forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function are 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_28.The number of 1 affixes is small and stable.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_29.Derivational affixes can be

13、further divided into 1 and suffixes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as 1 morphemes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_31.The basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity is called a 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数

14、：9，分数：18.00)32.morphemes（分数：2.00）_33.allomorphs（分数：2.00）_34.free morphemes（分数：2.00）_35.bound morphemes（分数：2.00）_36.bound root（分数：2.00）_37.affixes（分数：2.00）_38.inflectional affixes（分数：2.00）_39.root（分数：2.00）_40.stem（分数：2.00）_四、B(总题数：3，分数：9.00)41.Put the following terms in a tree diagram to show their l

15、ogical relationships: affix morpheme derivational affix bound morpheme free root bound root inflectional affix prefix suffix free morpheme（分数：3.00）_42.Analyse the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes: unfriendly, interpersonal, fore-telling.（分数：3.0

16、0）_43.What are derivational affixes?（分数：3.00）_五、B(总题数：3，分数：31.00)44.Analyze the morphological structure of the following words in terms of free morpheme and bound morpheme, then explain the differences between the two kinds of morphemes: unhappily, idealistic.（分数：10.00）_45.Analyze the morphological

17、structures of the following words. Point out the types of the morphemes: consistently, reminder, imperialistic.（分数：10.00）_46.How do you distinguish a root from a stem? Analyze the words in terms of root and stem: carelessness, unenlightened.（分数：11.00）_英语词汇学自考题-20 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：20

18、，分数：20.00)1.The word “idealistic“ comprises _ morphemes. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 词素是指构词中的最小的功能单位。题干中的单词有 idea-，-lis，-tic 共 3 个词素。答案为 C。2.The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is _. A. morpheme B. affixes C. root D. stem（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 词素是构词中最小的功能单位。答案为

19、A。3.There is/are _ monomorphemic word(s) in the following words: hot, dog, feet, matches. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 在句子中可以独立起作用的词叫单语词素。然而有些词素根据它们在词中位置的不同可由一个以上的不同的词素实现，这些不同的词素叫词素变体。表示名词复数的词素-s 在不同的语言环境中有许多词素变体。比如在 cats 中是/s/，在 bags 中是/z/，在 matches 中是/iz/，故排除 matches。名词复数词素的变体也有一些特殊情

20、况，可以通过改变内部元音来实现名词复数，如 foot-feet，man-men；或通过零形素来实现，如 deer-deer，故排除 feet。答案为 B。4.The plural morpheme “-s“ is pronounced as/s/in the following words except _. A. packs B. bags C. cheats D. ships（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 名词复数-s 在/t，P，k/后发 Is/，而在/d，b，g/后发/z/。答案为 B。5.Most morphemes are realized by single mo

21、rphs like _. A. bird B. matches C. bottles D. evenly（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Most morphemes are realized by single morphs like bird, tree, green, sad, want, desire, etc. matches, bottles 和 evenly 都是多音节词。答案为 A。6.The plural morpheme “-s“ is realized by /iz/ after the following sounds except _. A. /s/ B

22、. /g/ C. /z/ D. （分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：名词复数的词素-s 在下列的读音中是通过/iz/实现的，哪一项除外?名词复数的词素-s 在不同的语言环境中有许多词素变体：在 cats 中是/s/，bags 中是/z/，matches 中是/iz/。这样的词素变体并不是随意出现的，而是受语音条件制约的，因此也是可以预测的。名词复数在/t，p，k/音后是/s/，如 packs, cheats, shapes；在/d，b，g/音后是/z/，如 beds, bottles, fads；在/s，z，*/音后是/iz/，如 classes, dishes, gar

23、ages, damages 等。答案为 B。7.Which of the following statements are not correct?_ A. A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound. B. A grapheme is the smallest unit of writing. C. A sememe is the smallest unit of meaning. D. A morpheme is the smallest unit of a word.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Morphemes are the m

24、inimal meaningful units. In other words, the morpheme is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words词素是构词中最小的功能单位。答案为D。8.Morphemes, which are independent of other morphemes, have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. The sentence gives

25、the definition of _. A. morphemes B. free morphemes C. allomorphs D. bound morphemes（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 彼此之间相互独立的词素叫自由词素。这些词素本身具有完整的意义，在句子中可以用作自由语法单位。显然根据译文，这是在给自由词素下定义。答案为 B。9.There are _ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection. A. one B. two C. three D. four（分数：1.00）A

26、.B.C. D.解析：解析 bird，man，red，collection 四词中，bird，man，red 都是由单个的自由词素构成，因此这三个都是自由词素(free morpheme)，而 collection 由 2 个词素构成(collect+ion)，因此属于粘附词素(bound morpheme)。答案为 C。10.Morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are _. A. bound morphemes B. free morphemes C. allomorphs D. morphemes（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.

27、解析：解析 Morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are bound不能独立成词的词素叫粘附词素。答案为 A。11.The word “recollection“ comprises _ morpheme(s). A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 recollection 包含了 re+collect+ion 这三个词素。其中 re 和 ion 是粘附词素，collect是自由词素。答案为 C。12.“Nature“ in the word “denaturalization“ is n

28、ot _. A. free root B. free morphemes C. stem D. bound root（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 粘附词根就如自由词根一样，是带有基本意义的词的组成部分。与自由词根不同的是，粘附词根是一种粘附形式，必须与别的词素结合在一起才能构成词。本题中“nature”在“denaturalization”中是自由词根、自由词素，同时也是词干。答案为 D。13.In the word “contradiction“, the morpheme “-dict“ is _. A. free root B. bound root C. free m

29、orphemes D. affix（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 在“contradiction”一词中，词素“-dict”必须与别的词素结合在一起才能构成词，因此判断是 bound root。粘附词根就如自由词根一样，是带有基本意义的词的组成部分。与自由词根不同的是，粘附词根是一种粘附形式，必须与别的词素结合在一起才能构成词。答案为 B。14.Chiefly found in derived words, bound morphemes include _. A. bound roots B. inflectional affixes C. derivational affi

30、xes D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and affix. Affix can be put into two groups: inflectional and derivational affixes粘附词素有两类：粘附词根和词缀。词缀又可分为两组：内部屈折词缀和派生词缀。答案为 D。15.The following words have derivational affixes except _. A. works B. prewar C. post

31、war D. bloody（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：以下各词均有派生词缀，哪一项除外?词缀可分为 2 种：内部屈折词缀和派生词缀。四个选项中 B、C、D 项均属于派生词缀(derivational affixes)，pre-和 post-是前缀，而-y 是后缀。而 works，是动词后加-s 表示其主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时的表达，属于内部屈折词缀。答案为A。16._ are attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships. A. Affixes B. Suffixes C

32、. Inflectional affixes D. None of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are inflectional, thus known as inflectional morphemes加在词尾表示语法关系的词缀发生屈折变化，因此叫内部屈折词缀。答案为 C。17.Modern English is a(n) _ language. A. analytic B. synthetic C. gr

33、ammatical D. all the above（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Modern English is an analytic language现代英语是分析型语言。答案为 A。18.The word “subsea“ includes “sub-“ and _ “sea“. A. prefix; free root B. bound; root C. prefix; bound root D. derivational; affix（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 sub-是一个前缀 prefix，sea 本身有意义又可独立使用，是自由词根，故

34、A 正确。答案为A。19.The following words have inflectional affixes except _. A. happier B. worker C. harder D. taller（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：以下各词中哪一个没有内部屈折词缀?加在词尾表示语法关系的词缀发生屈折变化，叫内部屈折词缀。屈折词缀主要有以下几种：(1)复数后缀或第三人称单数的一般现在时 s(-es)；(2)名词所有格-s；(3)形容词或副词的比较级或最高级-er，-est；(4)过去式标志-ed；(5)现在分词或动名词-ing 形式。本题中选项 A、C

35、 和 D 属于形容词的比较级变化，因此都含有屈折词缀，选项 B 中的 worker一词，-er 使 work 词性发生了变化，属于派生词缀。答案为 B。20.Which of the following words is a root?_ A. International. B. Nation. C. National. D. Internationalists.（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of ide

36、ntity词根是词的基本形式，是不可再分的，词根如若再分就失去了意义。本题的四个选项中只有 nation 不能再进一步细分。答案为 B。二、B(总题数：11，分数：22.00)21.The morpheme is the smallest 1 unit in the composition of words.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：functioning）解析：解析 词素是构词中最小的什么单位?The morpheme is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words答案为 functioning。2

37、2.Morphemes are abstract units realized in speech by discrete units known as 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：morphs）解析：解析 词素是抽象的单位，是由分立的什么在话语中具体实现的?Morphemes are abstract units, which are realized in speech by discrete units known as morphs答案为 morphs。23.Most morpheme are realized, by single morphs like bir

38、d, tree, green, sad, want, etc. Words of this kind are called 1 words.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：monomorphemic）解析：解析 大多数词素都是由单个形素实现的，如 bird(鸟)，tree(树)，green(绿色的)，sad(悲伤)，want(想)等。这类词叫做什么?Most morphemes are realized，by single morphs like bird，tree，green，sad，want，etcWords of this kind are called monomorph

39、emic words答案为monomorphemic。24.“Man, car, anger“ are independent of other morphemes, which are known as free 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：morphemes）解析：解析 如 man，ear，anger 等这些词与其他词素不同，它们叫做什么?彼此之间相互独立的词素就叫做自由词素，这些词素本身在句子中就可以用作语法单位。答案为 morphemes。25.The morphemes can be grouped into free morphemes and 1 morph

40、emes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：bound）解析：解析 词素可分为自由词素和什么词素?The popular method is to group morphemes into free morphemes and bound morphemes答案为 bound。26.We might say that free morphemes are free 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：roots）解析：解析 我们不妨说，自由词素就是自由什么?We might as well say that free morphemes are free roots答

41、案为 roots。27.The forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function are 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：affixes）解析：解析 附着于词并对其意义或功能作修饰的形式称为什么?Affixes are forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function答案为 affixes。28.The number of 1 affixes is small

42、 and stable.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：inflectional）解析：解析 什么词缀的数量很少且很稳定?The number of inflectional affixes is small and stable答案为 inflectional。29.Derivational affixes can be further divided into 1 and suffixes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：prefixes）解析：解析 派生词缀可以分为什么和后缀?Derivational affixes can be further divided into prefixes and suffixes答案为 prefixes。30.Affixes attached to the end of words to indica